Juliet Literary Terms

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Juliet

Literary

Terms

By: Alyssa Watson, Cassidee Hoffmann, andAlex Hohol


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Plot

Sequence of events in a story. Most literary essaytasks will instruct the writer to avoid plotsummary; the term in therefore rarely useful forresponse or critical analysis. When discussing plot,

it is generally more useful to consider and analyzeits structure, rather than simply recapitulate whathappens.


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Setting

.The time and place where a story occurs The setting.can be specific or ambiguous Also refers directly

.to a description thereof When discussing or,analyzing setting it is generally insufficient to

;merely identify the time and place an analysis of

setting should include a discussion of its overall.impact on the story and characters


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Point of View

The identity of the narrative voice; the person or entitythrough whom the reader experiences the story.May be third-person or first person. Point of view isa commonly misused term; it does NOT refer to the

authors or characters feelings, opinions,perspectives, biases, etc.


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Characterization

The authors means of conveying to the reader acharacters personal life history, values, physicalattributes, etc. Also refers directly to a descriptionthereof.


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Theme

The main idea or message conveyed by the piece. Atheme should generally be expressed as a completesentence; an idea expressed by a single word orfragmentary phrase is usually a motif.


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Alliteration

The repetition of consonant sounds within closeproximity, usually in consecutive words within thesame sentence or line.


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Allusion

A brief reference to a person, event, or place, real orfictitious, or to a work of art. Casual reference to afamous historical or literary figure or event. Anallusion may be drawn from history, geography,

literature, or religion.


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Analogy

A literary analogy is a comparison in which the subjectis compared point by point to something fardifferent, usually with the idea of clarifying thesubject by comparing it to something familiar.

Analogies can provide insights and also imply thatthe similarities already present between the twosubjects can mean even more similarities. AnneBradstreet's "The Author to Her Book" contains ananalogy that compares the book to a child.


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Antagonist

The counterpart to the main character and source of astorys main conflict. The person may not be bador evil by any conventional moral standard, buthe/she opposes the protagonist in a significant way.


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Aside

A dramatic device in which a character speaks to theaudience.


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Blank Verse

A non-rhyming piece of poetry, usually written iniambic pentameter.


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Climax

The turning point in a story, at which the end resultbecomes inevitable, usually where somethingsuddenly goes terribly wrong; the dramatic highpoint of a story.


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Comic Relief

The inclusion of a humorous character, scene or wittydialogue in an otherwise serious work, often torelieve tension.


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Conflict

A struggle between opposing forces which is thedriving force of a story. The outcome of any storyprovides a resolution of the conflict(s); this is whatkeeps the reader reading. Conflicts can exist

between individual characters, between groups ofcharacters, between a character and society, etc.,and can also be purely abstract.


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Couplet

A pair of lines of verse. It usually consists of two linesthat rhyme and have the same meter


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Diction

Refers to the writer's or the speaker's distinctivevocabulary choices and style of expression.


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Dramatic Irony

When the audience or reader is aware of somethingimportant, of which the characters in the story areNOT aware.


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Dramatic Structure

The structure of a dramatic work such as a play orfilm.


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Epithet

A word which makes the reader see the objectdescribed in a clearer or sharper light. It is bothexact and imaginative.


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Figurative Language

Any use of language where the intended meaningdiffers from the actual literal meaning of the wordsthemselves. There are many techniques which canrightly be called figurative language, including

metaphor, simile, hyperbole, personification,onomatopoeia, verbal irony, and oxymoron.

F h d i


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ForeshadowingDONE

Where future events in a story, or perhaps the outcome, aresuggested by the author before they happen. Foreshadowingcan take many forms and be accomplished in many ways,with varying degrees of subtlety. However, if the outcome isdeliberately and explicitly revealed early in the story, such

information does NOT constitute foreshadowing.

I fear too early; for my mind misgivesSome consequence yet

hanging in the starsShall bitterly begin his fearful date

With this night'srevels and expire the term

Of a despised life closed in my breastBy some vile forfeit of untimely

death.But He that hath the steerage of my course,

Direct my sail! On, lusty -


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Foil DONE

A character who is meant torepresent characteristics,values, ideas, etc. which aredirectly and diametrically

opposed to those of anothercharacter, usually theprotagonist.

Hamlet and Laertes are youngmen who behave very

differently. While Hamletdelays in carrying out hismission to avenge the deathof his father, Laertes is quickand bold in his challenge of

the king over the death of hisfather. Macbeth


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Imagery

Language which describessomething in detail, usingwords to substitute forand create sensorystimulation, including

visual imagery and soundimagery. Also refers tospecific and recurringtypes of images, such as afood imagery and natureimagery.

A serpent stung me, so thewhole ear of Denmark, Isby a forged process of mydeath. ActOne Scene Five ofHamlet


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Irony

Where an event occurs which is unexpected, in thesense that it is somehow in absurd or mockingopposition to what would be expected orappropriate. Mere coincidence is generally not

ironic; neither is mere surprise nor are any randomor arbitrary occurrences.

Macbeth shows Irony when he kills his King,in hope of becoming King. He tries

to find peace within himself,

but never finds it. Macbeth


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Metaphor

A direct relationship where one thing or ideasubstitutes for another.

Romeo-But, soft! What light through yonder windowbreaks? / It is the east, and Juliet is the sun.

Act Two Scene Twoof Romeo and Juliet


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Monologue

An extended uninterrupted speech by a character in adrama.

Is this a dagger which I see before me,The handle

toward my hand? Come, let me clutch thee!I havethee not, and yet I see thee still.Art thou not, fatalvision, sensibleTo feeling as to sight? or art thou butA dagger of the mind, a false creation,Proceedingfrom the heat-oppressed brain? Macbeth Act Two ofMacbeth


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Oxymoron

A contradiction in terms.

Why then, O brawling love! O loving hate!O heavy lightness, serious vanity;

Misshapen chaos of well-seeming forms! Feather oflead, bright smoke, cold fire, sick health! Romeo.

Act One ofRomeo and Juliet


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Personification

1-where inanimate objects or abstract conceptsseemingly endowed with human self-awareness;where human thoughts, actions, perceptions, andemotions are directly attributed to inanimateobjects or abstract ideas.

2-where an abstract concept, such as aparticular human behavior or a force of nature, isrepresented as a person.

Juliet-For thou wilt lie upon the wingsof night / Whiter than new snow on a

raven's back. /Come, gentle night,come, loving, black-brow'dnight

Act ThreeScene Two ofRomeo and Juliet


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Protagonist

The main character in a story, the one with whom thereader is meant to identify. The person is notnecessarily good by any conventional moralstandard, but he/she is the person in whose plightthe reader is most invested.

In Shakespeares The Tragedy of Hamlet, the characterof Hamlet is the protagonist. He is the maincharacter, and the main focus.


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Meter

Is the basic rhythmic structure of a verse. The numberof feet within a line.

Romeo and Juliet is written in prose and iambic

pentameter with sonnets as well as blank verse,with many rhythmic structures.

- / - / - / - / - /

But, soft! what light through yonder window breaks?

Act Two Scene Two ofRomeo and Juliet


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Pun DONE

A figure of speech which consists of a deliberateconfusion of similar words or phrases for rhetoricaleffect, whether humorous or serious. It can rely onthe assumed equivalency of multiple similar words,of different shades of meaning of one word, or aliteral meaning with a metaphor. Bad puns are oftenconsidered to be cheesy.

Mercutio-"Nay, gentle Romeo, we must have youdance. Romeo-"Not I, believe me. You havedancing shoes With nimble soles. I have a soul of

lead ActOne Scene Four of Romeo and Juliet

Rhyme Scheme


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Rhyme SchemeDONE

A series of rhymed words at the ends of lines.

Two households, both alike in dignity, In fairVerona, where we lay our scene, From ancientgrudge break to new mutiny, Where civil blood

makes civil hands unclean. From forth the fatalloins of these two foes A pair of star-cross'dlovers take their life; Whole misadventuredpiteous overthrows Do with their death bury theirparents' strife. The fearful passage of their death-mark'd love, And the continuance of their

parents' rage, Which, but their children's end,noughtcould remove, Is now the two hours' trafficof our stage; The which if you with patient earsattend, What here shall miss, our toil shall striveto mend. Chorus The Prologue to Romeo and Juliet


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Simile DONE

An indirect relationship where one thing or idea isdescribed as being similar to another. Similesusually contain the words like or as, but notalways.

My love is like a red, red rose-Robert Burns


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Soliloquy

A literary device often used in drama whereby acharacter relates his or her thoughts and feelingswithout addressing any of the other characters.

, : : .To b e o r n o t to b e th a t is th e q u e stio n W h e th e r 'tis n o b le r in th e m in d to su ffe r T h e

, ,slin g s a n d arrow s o f ou trag eo u s fortu n e O r to ta ke a rm s a g a in st a sea of trou b le s A n d: ; ; .by o pp osing en d the m ? To d ie to slee p N o m ore an d b y a slee p to say w e e nd Th e- ,h e a rt a ch e a n d th e th o u san d n a tu ra lsh o cks T h a t fle sh is h e ir to 'tis a co n sum m a tio n

. , ; : : ,D e vo u tly to b e w ish'd To d ie to sle e p To sle e p p e rch a n ce to d re a m a y th e re 's th e;ru b For in th at slee p of d ea th w ha t d re a m s m a y co m e W h en w e h a ve shu ffle d off th is

, : ;m o rta lc o il M u st g ive u s p a u se th e re 's th e re sp e ct T h a t m a ke s ca la m ity o f so lo n g life, ,For w ho w ou ld b e ar th e w hip s an d sco rn s of tim e Th e op p re ssor's w ron g th e p rou d

, , ,m a n 's co n tu m e ly Th e p a n g s o f d e spised lo ve th e la w 's d e la y T h e in sole n ce o f o ffice,an d th e spu rn s T h a t p a tie n t m e rit of th e u n w orth y ta kes W h e n h e h im self m ig h t h is,q u ietu s m a ke W ith a b a re b od kin ? w ho w ou ld fa rd els b ea r To g ru n t a n d sw ea t u n d er a

, ,w ea ry life B u t th a t th e d re a d o f som e th in g a fte r d e a th T h e u n d iscov e r'd co u n try fro m,w h o se b o u rn N o tra ve lle r re tu rn s p u zzle s th e w illA n d m a ke s u s ra th e r b e a r th o se ills

w e h av e Th an fly to oth ers th at w e kn ow n ot of? Th u s con scien ce d oe s m ake cow ard s;o f u s a ll A n d th u s th e n a tiv e h u e o f re so lu tio n Is sick lie d o 'e r w ith th e p a le ca st o f

,th ou g h t A n d e n terp rises o f g re a t p ith a n d m o m e n t W ith th is re g a rd th e ir cu rre n ts tu rn, . - ! ! ,aw ry A nd lose th e n am e of action So ft you no w Th e fair O ph elia N ym ph in thy:// . . / =- & = #http www youtube com watch?v JD6gOrARk4 feature player_embedded
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Sonnet

One of the poetic forms that can be found in lyric poetryfrom Europe.

Romeo-If I profane with my unworthiesthandThis holy shrine, the gentle

sin is this: My lips,two blushing pilgrims, ready stand

To smooth that rough touch with a tenderkiss. Juliet-Good pilgrim, you dowrong your hand too much, Whichmannerly devotion shows in this,

For saints have hands that pilgrimshands do touch, And palm to palm isholy palmers kiss.Romeo-Have not saints lips, and holy palmerstoo? Juliet-Ay, pilgrim,

lips that they must use in prayer.Romeo-O, then, dear saint, let lips do what


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Symbol

Using an object or action that means something morethan its literal meaning.

"What's in a name? That which we call a roseByanyother name would smell as sweet. Juliet

Act Two Scene Two ofRomeo and Juliet


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Tragedy

Where a story ends with a negative or unfortunate outcome whichwas essentially avoidable, usually caused by a flaw in thecentral characters personality. Tragedy is really more of adramatic genre than a literary element; a play can be referredto as a tragedy, but tragic events in a story are essentially partof the plot, rather than a literary device in themselves. Whendiscussing tragedy, or analyzing a story as tragic, look to theother elements of the story which combine to make it tragic.

The story ofRomeo and Julietis aTragedy. Throughout the entire story

line there is a sense ofsadness since

it is a forbidden love. What makes ita true tragedy though is the fact

that the two

main characters commitsuicide


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Verbal Irony

Where the meaning of a specific expression is, or is intended tobe, the exact opposite of what the words literally mean.

Mercuito-Ay, ay, a scratch, a scratch. Marry, tis enough. Where

is my page? Go, villain, fetch a surgeon.Romeo-Courage, man. Thehurt cannot be

much.Mercuito-Ask for me

tomorrow, and you shall find

me a graveman

Act Three Scene One ofRomeo and Juliet

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Juliet Literary Terms