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Task while you wait: Please cut the
individual letter cards
and tricky words
found in your
handouts and place
them in the snap lock
bag provided.
Understanding Synthetic Phonics
through
Presenter
Santina DiMauro
www.jollyeducation.com.au
• Jolly Phonics is a multi-sensory program which caters
for children with varying capabilities.
• It has scientific research based evidence to support
its method and has been adopted throughout the
world.
International
Research
• reading 3.6 yrs ahead of chronological age • spelling 1.9 yrs ahead of chronological age • comprehension 3.5 months ahead
• boys reading 9.5 months ahead of girls • boys spelling 8.6 months ahead of girls
Clackmannanshire Research A seven year study
www.scotland.gov.uk/library5/education/ins17-asp
Research
“The Jolly Phonics children’s reading skills were 11 months above the level expected for their age”
“The synthetic phonics classes outperformed the whole language classes on 16 out of 19 reading and spelling measures”
“The results demonstrated that Jolly Phonics produced effects that were long-lasting”
Jolly Phonics is a synthetic phonics program
which helps children to use the sounds of the English language for reading and writing.
Synthetic Phonics
• A part to whole approach to reading.
• The alphabetic code is taught before expecting children to read books.
• Teaches blending and segmenting using alphabetic letter sounds and main digraphs.
Synthetic Phonics
• Teaches phonemic awareness so that all sounds in words can be identified:
cat is c-a-t; bus is b-u-s; stop is s-t-o-p, • Teaches main digraphs with blending and segmenting.
• Teaches tricky words – learning about tricky parts of
words.
Synthetic Phonics • Use decodable texts initially. Other books given when
there is fluency and an ability to work out unknown words.
• Blending used as the first strategy for unknown words.
Analytic Phonics • A whole to part approach. A top down
approach to reading.
• Begins with whole word sight vocabulary and reading books.
• Uses picture, initial letter and contextual cues for word recognition.
Analytic Phonics • Uses text that is repetitive…
picture gives clue for the new word introduced on the page.
• Alphabet letter sounds are introduced to enable the initial letter cue for word recognition.
• Digraphs are rarely taught.
Analytic Phonics • Key sight words are memorised visually.
• Blending used at the last strategy instead of the first.
• Word patterns covered at a later stage.
car
Understanding Synthetic Phonics
truck
Understanding Synthetic Phonics
worm
Understanding Synthetic Phonics
rainbow
Understanding Synthetic Phonics
spray
Understanding Synthetic Phonics
wombat
Understanding Synthetic Phonics
cube
Understanding Synthetic Phonics
little
Understanding Synthetic Phonics
fox
Understanding Synthetic Phonics
Learning the Letter Sounds
Letter Formation
Blending and Segmenting
Identifying Sounds in Words
Tricky Words
The Five Skills of Jolly Phonics
• Children are taught the main 42 letter sounds
(not just the sounds of the alphabet).
• Later they learn the alternative spellings of some
sounds (eg ay, a-e, ai)
Learning the Letter Sounds
The 42 Sounds
Learning the
letter sounds
Letter Sounds
Songs and Puppets
Each sound is explored with an action
Each sound is introduced with a
story.
Tactile work with play dough,
Finger Phonics
• Children are taught letter formation through a
tactile approach:
play dough Finger Phonics
Air writing
Pencil work
Letter Formation
• Children are taught letter formation through a
tactile approach:
Hair Gel Tactile Bags
Sandpaper Letters
Tactile Paint Table
Interactive Whiteboard
Letter Formation
• Children are taught to blend sounds together to read
new words.
• Children are taught to segment words to write words.
Blending and Segmenting
Listening for sounds in words gives children
the best start for reading and writing.
Children tune into sounds anywhere in
words.
Children learn that words are made up of
a sequence of sounds.
Identifying Sounds in Words
• These are words that have irregular
spellings.
• Jolly Phonics introduces children to 60
common words that are irregular.
Tricky Words
Tricky Words
Adapted Tricky List
• Reading:
Memory recall of words.
Say it as it sounds.
• Writing:
- look, cover, write and check
- Mnemonics
Tricky Words
Tricky Words
Foundation to
reading and spelling
It is a prerequisite skill before children can
learn to associate sounds with letters and
manipulate sounds to blend words (during
reading) or segment words (during
spelling).
Listening to sounds in sequence.
Clapping and counting sounds in
words:
c - a - t b - ir - d h - ou - se
x x x x x x x x x
Listening to sounds anywhere in words.
Playing around with sounds.
Blending and segmenting sounds in words
Understanding sounds in sequence…
Understanding sounds in sequence…
Guess My Picture
This activity helps children develop blending without the
visual picture cue.
Teaching Jolly Phonics
Words Banks
Sound Exploration
Blending Activities
Miming: children use actions and
segment a word for others to blend
(segmenting and blending activity)
Pointing to letter symbols on board.
Children blend sounds and say whole
word.
Read and See Books
Sound Flip Cards
Blending and Segmenting Activities
• Miming: using actions to create a word.
• It helps children with both blending and
segmenting skills.
p ar k ….park
• After the first group of six sounds, the children can blend sounds to read approximately 43 words.
Word Banks - Blending
• As a new sound is introduced more words
can be made by blending the sounds
together.
• Begin with simple words of two, three and
four sounds.
• Increase the level of difficulty as the children
become better at blending and
segmenting.
Blending Activities
• Pointing to letters one by one.
h a p t
n s i f
Read and See Books
Blending Activities
Blending Activities
Identifying Sounds in Words
Flips can help children with:
- blending
- segmenting
- specific sounds
- beginning, middle and end sounds
What we should be doing after group 1?
Play games to encourage the skill of
blending.
Use the actions to create words.
Point to sound symbols for children to
blend together.
Read simple words of two, three or
four sounds.
Segmenting: show how these sounds
are represented with symbols to create
that word in print.
Send home Sounding Out Word Boxes
(Adapted as Sounding Out Folders).
Send home first list of Tricky Words.
What we should be doing after group 1?
Jolly Phonics -A Yearly Plan Term 1 Term 2 Term 3 Term 4
Jolly Phonics
•42 Sounds
•Blending
•Segmenting
•Tricky Words
•Reading and Writing
• Revise 42 sounds
• Explore alternative
digraphs – the advanced
code
•Explore vowels –
the vowel box
•Initial consonant blends;
•Advanced Phonemic
Awareness
•Reading and Writing
Introducing Digraphs
Two or more letters making one sound.
Learning Sounds
Alternative Vowel Sounds
Introduced as: Alternatives later taught:
• ai (rain) ay (day) a-e (cake)
• ee (feet) ea (sea)
• oa (boat) ow (snow) o-e (bone)
Teaching Digraphs
• Word Bank
Place the digraph spellings in a different colour.
Other not so common spellings are placed in a
‘tricky column’.
Teaching Digraphs
Advanced Sound Awareness
• Vowel Box Activity.
Chopping Game Reducing a word – one phoneme at a time
blend, lend, end, nd, d crust, rust, ust, st, t trace, race, ace, s forgive, orgive, give, iv, v
Advanced Sound Awareness
Playing around with sounds.
Word Families/Rhyming words
Advanced Sound Awareness
Beginning to Read and Write • Mystery Reading Sentences
• Guided Writing Sentences
After the first six sounds s a t i p n and the first group of
tricky words you can begin to guide the children
through the reading and writing process.
Using The Jolly Readers in your
Classroom
• The text in each reader should NOT be memorised.
• When children memorise text they regularly fail to attend to the letters and the sounds within a word.
• It is important not to introduce the Readers until the 42 sounds, blending and the first list of tricky words have been taught.
Jolly Readers
Level 3
General Fiction Nonfictions
Level 2
Level 1
Jolly Readers
Inky Mouse and friends
Level 3
Jolly Readers
Level 1
Level 2
Books
per pack
Pages per
book
Tricky words
per book
Alt Spellings
per book
Sentences
per page
6
6
6
16
12
8
40
20
11
4
0
0
4
2
1
Level 4 16 6 61 18 4
Use the information which the children
know to create simple texts.
• Letter sounds
• Blending
•Tricky words
Suitable Text • Group 1 sounds / several tricky words
Nat
Nat is an ant.
Nat sat in the tin.
A pin is in the tin.
The pin is in Nat.
Suitable Text • Group 3 and several tricky words
The Black Rat
I’m a rat.
I’m a black rat.
I can spin on a mat.
I can flip on a mat.
I’m a big, black rat.
Reading Groups • Reading is effective if your class can be
organised into small groups.
• Menu Board Activities are planned so that one
group can work with the teacher (Guided
Reading) while the others are working
independently.
Mon Tue Wed Thur
Group 1 Mickey Mouse
Guided Reading
T
Sentence
Construct
Bingo-
Tricky Words
Peer Reading
Group2
Tweety Birds
Peer Reading Guided Reading
T
Sentence
Construct
Bingo-
Tricky Words
Group 3
Bugs Bunny
Bingo-
Tricky Words
Peer Reading Guided Reading
T
Sentence
Construct
Menu Board Activities Activities are adapted according to the level of the
children.
Examples of Activities
• Magnetic Letters. • Sentence Construction – children paste words to
form a sentence. These can be based on the readers the children have read earlier.
• Bingo (tricky words, phonetic words based on digraphs/alternative spellings).
• Sentence and picture matching.
• Find-a- Word: based on tricky words and regular phonetic words.
• Dictionary work: using words from the readers.
• Cloze passages: choose the correct word to
• complete each sentence.
Reading Menu Board
Today is Tuesday
Mickey Mouse Tweety Birds
Bugs Bunny
Reading with Miss DiMauro
Magnetic letters to practise
segmenting
Independent Writing • Writing should begin as early as possible.
Encourage independent writing as early as you can in term one.
Don’t over rely on teacher scribing.
Encourage the use of sounds and tricky words when modelling the writing process.
Each child has a sound mat of the 42 sounds and a tricky word mat to refer to when writing.
Magic Writing….
…to independent
writing
Fred
6 year old
Samer
5 year old
Priscilla
5 year old
Writing - Dictation
Dictation is a powerful writing tool to help children develop their writing skills.
Dictation words and sentences are NOT for children to memorise.
Dictation includes: - sound symbols; - simple words that can be segmented; - some tricky words; - simple sentences
Weekly Programming
Mon Tue Wed Thur Fri
9 -9.30 Reading
9.30-
10 Phonics
10-
10.30
Hand-
writing
Writing
Hand-writing
Text types
10.30 -11
Your Phonics Lesson…three sounds per week
Mon Tue Wed Thur Fri
Learning the sounds
Story /e/
Word Bank.
Song.
Story /h /
Word Bank
Song
Story /r /
Word Bank
Song
Revise sounds
so far. Group work based on:
*games-
Blending and
segmenting;
Sound/symbol
Recognition;
Tricky word recall;
*Tactile-
Play dough
Sandpaper
letters
Whiteboards
Letter formation
Tactile book
or
Play dough
Sandpaper letters
Writing /e/ on board
Tactile book
or
Play dough
Sandpaper letters
Writing /h/ on board
Tactile book
or
Play dough
Sandpaper letters
Writing /r/ on board
Worksheet
Match pictures to correct symbols (initial sounds)
Write/e/, /h/,/r/
symbols;
Blending and Segmenting
Blend and segment sounds to create words using sounds learned so far.
Use flashcards to create words.
Sorting: pictures that have
/e/sound; /h/ sound and /r/ sound.
Match Game: Blend sounds to create words. Match words to pictures. Tuning into
Sounds
Tricky words
what want who why put saw
Your Phonics Lesson…four sounds per week
Mon Tue Wed Thur Fri
Learning the sounds
Story /e/
Word Bank.
Song.
Story /h/
Word Bank.
Song.
Story /r/
Word Bank
Song
Story /m/
Word Bank.
Song.
Revise all sounds so far.
Group work based on:
*games-
Blending and
segmenting;
Sound/symbol
Recognition;
Tricky word recall;
*Tactile-
Play dough
Sandpaper
letters
Whiteboards
Letter formation
Tactile book
or
Play dough
Writing /e/ on whiteboards.
Tactile book/
Sandpaper letters
Worksheet:
(a) Writing /e/ and /h/
Tactile book
or
Play dough
Writing /r/ on whiteboards.
Tactile book/
Sandpaper letters
Worksheet:
(a) Writing /r/ and /m/
Blending and Segmenting
Blend and segment sounds to
create words. Use flashcards to create words.
Sorting: pictures that have
/e/sound; /h/ sound.
Worksheet: (b) match pictures to correct initial sound symbol.
Blend and segment sounds to
create words. Children write words on whiteboards.
Sorting: pictures that have /r/
sound; /m/ sound.
Worksheet: (b) write missing initial sounds for given pictures.
Tuning into Sounds
Tricky words what want who why put saw
First Year Timetable
First part of year Second part of year Last part of year
Teach 42 sounds Introduce letter names
Teach alternative spellings Revise alternative spellings
Teach how to form
letters correctly
Teach handwriting rules, capital
letters, and give writing
practice
Give handwriting practice
Teach how to blend simple
regular words
Introduce Jolly Readers
Blending practice with
alternative spellings
Continue with Jolly Readers
and blending practice
Teach how to write words by
listening for sounds
Dictation – words and
sentences
Independent writing
Independent writing
Continue dictation practice
Teach how to read and spell
a few tricky words
Reading and spelling of
more tricky words First 60 tricky words taught
1
2
3
4
5
Assessment • Recognition of 42 sounds.
• Reading regular words (blending)
• Writing regular words (segmenting)
• Reading and writing irregular words.
• Reading books fluently with comprehension.
• Writing independently.
First year checklist
Knows sounds Blends regular words
with these sounds
Writes regular words
with these sounds
s a t i p n
ai j oa ie ee or
ay ea igh ow ew
Knows sound Knows name Forms correctly
Alphabet – lower case letters
Alphabet – capital letters
Sings/recites Knows
Alphabet order
1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60
Able to read tricky words
Able to spell tricky words
Assessment
• Phonemic awareness with the emphasis on sounds in sequence for blending and segmenting.
• Phonemic awareness of auditory discrimination of sounds anywhere in a word not just initial sounds.
Assessment Checklist
Correct Incorrect Incorrect response
c-u-p
s-a-t
m-u-d
r-ai-n
d-i-sh
s-u-n
Words are orally segmented by teacher. Child blends the sounds to say whole word.
Assessment • Nonsense words: the purpose of using such
words is to determine the type of reading strategy a child is using.
Is blending a strategy being used? Correct Incorrect Incorrect Response
cog
fap pan
blet black
Activities need to involve simple blending tasks
– ‘s-u-n’ choose correct picture; ‘f-i-sh’ choose correct picture;
- start blending loudly and then softly as you get to end of word;
How could Pre-school/Child Care benefit
from the Jolly Phonics Program?
Jolly Phonics in Pre-School • Learning all the 42 sounds through a variety
of multi-sensory methods. - Jolly Songs - Jolly Stories - Tactile activities
• Exploring each sound over a 12 month
period focusing on one sound each week.
Jolly Phonics in Pre-School
• Becoming tuned into the sounds that occur in
simple words.
• Becoming skilled with the aural blending and
aural segmenting of simple words.
Jolly Phonics Scope and Sequence
3 year olds 4 year olds 5 year olds
• One sound per week is explored using actions; Jolly Stories; Jolly Songs; Finger Phonics Books (NB digraphs should not be omitted)
• Focus: initial sounds;
• Pencil manipulation;
• 42 sounds covered at a pace of 2-3 sounds per week (Big Books);
•Aural blending and aural segmenting;
•Blending and segmenting using symbols;
•Listening for sounds within words;
•Correct letter formation;
•Introduce several tricky words
• 42 sounds covered at a pace of 3-5 sounds per week (Interactive Software);
•Aural blending and segmenting using actions;
•Blending and segmenting using symbols;
•Manipulating sounds in words; vowel box
•Correct letter formation;
•Introduce all tricky words;
•Reading and writing simple sentences;
