Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICT Help at Alexandria, Egypt during the period from

Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007


Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHeldHeld atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007


Tsunami Simulation for warningTsunami Simulation for warning

What is Tsunami?What is Tsunami?





A tsunami (pronounced soo-NAH-mee), loosely referred to as, but A tsunami (pronounced soo-NAH-mee), loosely referred to as, but technically not, a tidal wave, is a series of waves (called a "wave technically not, a tidal wave, is a series of waves (called a "wave train") generated in a body of water by a pulsating or abrupt train") generated in a body of water by a pulsating or abrupt disturbance that vertically displaces the water column. disturbance that vertically displaces the water column.

Earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, explosions, and the Earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, explosions, and the impact of extraterrestrial bodies such as meteorites, can generate impact of extraterrestrial bodies such as meteorites, can generate tsunamis. tsunamis.

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MAINJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTJoint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICTHelpHelp atat Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt Egypt during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007during the period from 14 to 17 April 2007




MeteoritesMeteorites LandslidesLandslides

Lituya BayLituya BaySubductionSubduction

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SubductionSubduction

Earth MechanismsEarth Mechanisms

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Fault displacement under water displaces water, water moves to fill vacuum, generating large waves.

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Tsunami Simulation for warningTsunami Simulation for warning





Tsunami Wave System• Generation

– A seafloor disturbance, such as motion along a fault, pushes up the overlying water.

• Propagation– The wave propagates across the deep ocean at jetliner speeds– Shoaling and refraction to amplify the wave

• Inundation

– As the wave moves into shallower water, increased energy density increases both the wave height and the currents.– Runup on a land and run-down

Jamboree – II, The JCOMM/IODE Combined Modeling and Data Management Training Workshop Jamboree – II, The JCOMM/IODE Combined Modeling and Data Management Training Workshop Held at Oostende, Belgium, 9 – 14 October 2006Held at Oostende, Belgium, 9 – 14 October 2006





Estimation of a seabed movement (deformation)

A fault movement is described by its location including its depth,• Mechanical characteristics; (strike, dip- and slip-angles of the

fault plane),• Geometrical characteristics (length, width and dislocation of t

he fault plane), and• Dynamic characteristics(rupture direction, rupture velocity an

d rise time of the fault movement).

••Earthquake magnitudeEarthquake magnitude••Depth of the faultDepth of the fault••Length and width of the fault planeLength and width of the fault plane••Strike and dip angle of the fault planeStrike and dip angle of the fault plane••Dislocation and slip angleDislocation and slip angle






Earthquake induced tsunamisTsunamis can be generated when the sea floor abruptly deforms and vertically displaces the overlying water.






Distant TsunamisWave system

• The fact that the wavelength of a tsunami is much longer than the water depth leads to the system of long waves.

• the wave amplitude of a tsunami in the deep ocean is infinitesimally small compared to the water depth

• linearity of the water wave .

• a distant tsunami can be solved with the aid of linear equations for long waves with the Coriolis force, frequency dispersion included, described in the longitude-latitude coordinate system.






Local Propagation• Locally generated tsunami waves may propagate from their ge

nerating source to the near shore area of a nuclear power plant site;

• hence, the wave propagation phenomena become important.

• Numerical techniques,FDM, are applied to determine modification during propagation.

• The accuracy of bottom topography has a vital effect on the computed results






Tsunami Warning System1. Estimating the occurrence of a tsunami by seismic information

(magnitude, location and depth)

2. Data base of the simulation with assumptions

3. Real time analysis with the tentative fault model

4. Revision of the tentative fault model by the observation data




Accuracy of the simulation

Major causes of low accuracy induced by ;

- Initial source; location and slip

- Modeling and Geometry data




To reduce damage and casualtiesThe “Three Helps” of disaster measures

The people could not see the impact/terror of tsunami only by warning with the tsunami information; arrival time and heights.

They should understand its impact have the imagination before the tsunami attack through making hazards map and having workshop.

-Self help,

-Public help,

-Mutual help










Making the original hazard maps

• In the past, the map was provided by the local government but no use for the people

• Original information should be included

• Selecting the base map

• Collecting the information of risk

• Discussion what information be included

• Checking them by town-walking







DART

Public education for awareness and evacuation system Public education for awareness and evacuation system with consideration of life and culture at reach region.with consideration of life and culture at reach region.

ICT Tower

AAcknowledgmentscknowledgments

I would like to express my sincere gratitude and deep appreciation to Professor Fumihiko ImamuraProfessor Fumihiko Imamura, DCRC, Tohoku University, Professor Professor Yoshinobu TsujiYoshinobu Tsuji, , ERI, ERI, University of TokyoUniversity of Tokyo and Dr.Dr.Hiroyuki MatsumotoHiroyuki Matsumoto from JAMSTEC for their guidance, invaluable advice, supervision and material






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Joint Regional Conference on Disaster Relief and Management – International Cooperation & Role of ICT Help at Alexandria, Egypt during the period from