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© 2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Session ID CP-1002 Cisco Public

Your Presenters

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Tim Szigeti

A Case Study in Strategic QoS Design

Tim Szigeti, CCIE# 9794 Senior Technical Leader—Systems Design Unit

Cisco Systems



§  This session will review QoS tools, best practices and design strategies

§  The goal of this session is to present the thought-process to formulate an end-to-end QoS strategy that meets current and future business needs

§  Practical application of these concepts and recommendations will be made through a case-study design example

Session Abstract

7



§ QoS Tools Review

§ QoS Design Best Practices

§ QoS Design Strategies

§ QoS Design Case Study

Agenda

8

QoS Tools Review


QoS Tools Review: Classification & Marking Tools

§ Classification: –  An action that organizes packets into different traffic types, to which different policies

can then be applied –  Classification of packets can happen without marking

§ Marking: –  Writes a value into the packet header –  Establishes a trust boundary at the network edge –  Can be used in other locations in the network and is not always used solely for

purposes of classification

Classification vs. Marking


QoS Tools Review: Classification & Marking Tools

§ Classification can be done on: –  Layer 1 criteria—such as ingress physical interface –  Layer 2 criteria—such as IEEE 802.1Q/p CoS –  Layer 3 criteria—such as IP DSCP –  Layer 4 criteria—such as TCP/UDP port(s) –  Layer 7 criteria—such as NBAR application signatures

§ Marking can be done on: –  Layer 2 fields—such as IEEE 802.1Q/p CoS –  Layer “2.5” fields—such as MPLS EXP –  Layer 3 fields—such as IP DSCP –  Internal fields—such as QoS Group

Classification and Marking Options


§  802.1p User Priority field also called Class of Service (CoS)

§  Different types of traffic are assigned different CoS values

§  CoS 6 and 7 are reserved for network use

802.1Q 4 Bytes

Three Bits Used for CoS (802.1p Class of Service)

Data FCS PT SA DA SFD Pream Type

PRI VLAN ID CFI

Ethernet Frame

CoS Acronym Traffic characteristics

0 BE Best Effort 1 BK Background 2 EE Excellent Effort 3 CA Critical Applications 4 VI Video, < 100 ms latency 5 VO Voice, < 10 ms latency 6 IC Internetwork Control 7 NC Network Control

IEEE 802.1Q-2005

QoS Tools Review: Classification & Marking Tools Layer 2 Marking: IEEE 802.1Q/p CoS

class-map VOICE match cos 5

policy-map MARK-COS class VIDEO set cos 4


§  IP Precedence (relegated): Three most significant bits of ToS byte are called IP Precedence (IPP)—other bits unused

§  Differentiated Services: Six most significant bits of ToS byte are called DiffServ Code Point (DSCP)—remaining two bits used for Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN)

§  DSCP and ECN are also used in IPv6

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

ID Offset TTL Protocol FCS IP SA IP DA Data Length Version/ Header_Len

ToS Byte

DiffServ Code Point (DSCP) IP ECN

IPv4 Packet

IP Precedence Unused

QoS Tools Review: Classification & Marking Tools Layer 3 Marking: IP Type of Service (ToS) Byte


x x x y y 0 AFxy Class Drop

Precedence

DSCP

IP Header ToS Byte

EF

Default Forwarding (Best Effort)

RFC 2474

AF11

AF21

AF31

AF41

AF12 AF13

AF22 AF23

AF32 AF33

AF42 AF43

Expedited Forwarding RFC 3246

Assured Forwarding RFC 2597

Per-Hop Behaviors (PHB) DiffServ Code Points (DSCP)

101110

001010 001100 001110

010010 010100 010110

011010 011100 011110

100010 100100 100110

Class 1

Class 2

Class 3

Class 4

Low Drop Pref

Med Drop Pref

High Drop Pref

000000

46

10 12 14

18 20 22

26 28 30

34 36 38

0 DF

QoS Tools Review: Classification & Marking Tools Layer 3 Marking: DSCP Per-Hop Behaviors (PHBs)

class-map VOICE match dscp ef

policy-map SET-DSCP class VIDEO set dscp af41

Scavenger (Per Domain

Behavior—RFC3662)

001000 8

CS1


0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1

Label TTL

MPLS Shim Header

EXP S

Payload

Frame Encapsulation

3 2 1 0

MPLS EXP S

Layer-2 Header

QoS Tools Review: Classification & Marking Tools Layer 2.5 Marking: MPLS Experimental (EXP) Bits

class-map VOICE match mpls experimental 5

policy-map SET-MPLS-EXP class VIDEO set mpls experimental imposition 4 <or> set mpls experimental topmost 4

Label Header Label Header

Label Stack

S=Bottom of Stack bit MPLS Experimental bits


ToS IP SA IP DA Src Port

Dst Port

Protocol

§  Identifies over 1000 applications and protocols

§  Application payload deep packet inspection

§  Supports application media-sub-component classification

TCP/UDP Segment

Deep Packet Inspection

Data Payload IP Packet

QoS Tools Review: Classification & Marking Tools Layer 7 Classification: Network Based Application Recognition (NBAR/NBAR2)

class-map CISCO-JABBER-VOICE match protocol cisco-jabber-audio class-map CISCO-JABBER-VIDEO match protocol cisco-jabber-video class-map CISCO-JABBER-MESSAGING match protocol cisco-jabber-im class-map CISCO-JABBER-SIGNALING match protocol cisco-jabber-control


QoS Tools Review: Policing & Shaping Tools

§  Policers: –  perform checks for traffic violations against a configured rate and take immediate

prescribed actions (such as remarking or dropping) –  policers do not delay traffic –  policers may be applied to the data plane or the control plane

§  Shapers: –  smooth out traffic flows so that it never exceeds the configured rate –  if the offered traffic momentarily spikes above the contracted rate, the excess traffic is

buffered and delayed until the offered traffic once again dips below the defined rate –  shapers usually are employed to meet a Service Level Agreement (SLA)

Policers vs. Shapers


Action Action

Overflow

B<Tc B<Te

Conform Exceed Violate

CBS EBS

CIR

Yes Yes

No No

Action

Packet of Size B

QoS Tools Review: Policing & Shaping Tools RFC 2697 Single-Rate Three-Color Marker

policy-map RFC2697-POLICER class CLASS-1 police cir 500000 bc 10000 be 10000 conform-action set-dscp-transmit af31 exceed-action set-dscp-transmit af32 violate-action set-dscp-transmit af33


Action Action

B>Tp B>Tc

Exceed Violate

PBS CBS

PIR

Yes Yes

No No

Conform

Action

Packet of Size B

CIR

QoS Tools Review: Policing & Shaping Tools RFC 2698 Two-Rate Three-Color Marker

policy-map RFC2698-POLICER class CLASS-2 police cir 500000 bc 10000 pir 100000 be 10000 conform-action set-dscp-transmit af31 exceed-action set-dscp-transmit af32 violate-action set-dscp-transmit af33


QoS Tools Review: Policing & Shaping Tools Shaping Effect on Traffic Patterns

With Traffic Shaping

Without Traffic Shaping Line Rate

Shaped Rate

Traffic Shaping Limits the Transmit Rate to a Value Lower Than Line Rate

policy-map CLASS-BASED-SHAPER class class-default shape average 10 Mbps <or> shape peak 10 Mbps


Packets In Packets Out Tx-Ring

IOS Interface Buffers

If the Tx-Ring is filled to capacity, then the IOS software knows that the interface

is congested and it should activate any LLQ/CBWFQ policies that have been

applied to the interface

QoS Tools Review: Queuing & Dropping Tools Tx-Ring

interface Serial2/0 tx-ring-limit 4


Packets In

Packets Out

Fair-Queuing Sorter/Pre-Sorter

A flow is defined by five matching tuples: Source Address + Source Port

Destination Address + Destination Port Layer 4 Protocol (TCP or UDP)

QoS Tools Review: Queuing & Dropping Tools (Flow-Based) Fair-Queuing

policy-map FQ class class-default fair-queue


Packets In

Packets Out


Tx-Ring

Multimedia Conferencing CBWFQ

Multimedia Streaming CBWFQ

Network Control CBWFQ

Call Signaling CBWFQ

OAM CBWFQ

Transactional Data CBWFQ

Bulk Data CBWFQ

Best Effort / Default CBWFQ

Scavenger CBWFQ

CBWFQ Scheduler

FQ

FQ

FQ

FQ Pre-Sorters

FQ

FQ

QoS Tools Review: Queuing & Dropping Tools CBWFQ policy-map CBWFQ

class NETWORK-CONTROL bandwidth percent 5 class SIGNALING bandwidth percent 5 class OAM bandwidth percent 5 class MM-CONFERENCING bandwidth percent 10 fair-queue


Packets In Packets Out


Tx-Ring CBWFQ

Scheduler

LLQ

1 Mbps VOICE Policer

FQ Pre-Sorters

CBWFQs

policy-map LLQ class VOICE priority 1000

QoS Tools Review: Queuing & Dropping Tools LLQ: Single-LLQ Operation and Configuration


Packets In Packets Out

Tx-Ring CBWFQ

Scheduler

LLQ

1 Mbps VOICE Policer

4 Mbps Bscst-Video

Policer

5 Mbps RT-Interactive

Policer

CBWFQs

policy-map MULTI-LLQ class VOICE priority 1000 class BROADCAST-VIDEO priority 4000 class REALTIME-INTERACTIVE priority 5000

QoS Tools Review: Queuing & Dropping Tools LLQ: Multi-LLQ Operation and Configuration


Time

Bandwidth Utilization 100%

BW

Tail Drop Three Traffic Flows Start at Different Times

Another Traffic Flow Starts at This Point

QoS Tools Review: Queuing & Dropping Tools The Need for Congestion Avoidance

§ all TCP flows synchronize in waves § TCP synchronization wastes available bandwidth


Bulk Data CBWFQ Fair- Queuing Pre-Sorter

AF13 Minimum WRED Threshold: Begin randomly dropping AF13 Packets



Maximum WRED Thresholds for AF11, AF12 and AF13 are set to the tail of the queue in this example

Front of

Queue

Tail of

Queue Direction

of Packet Flow

policy-map BULK-WRED class BULK bandwidth percent 10 random-detect dscp-based

QoS Tools Review: Queuing & Dropping Tools DSCP-Based WRED


RFC 3168: IP Explicit Congestion Notification

CE Bit: Congestion Experienced

ECT Bit: ECN-Capable Transport

ID Offset TTL Proto FCS IP SA IP DA Data Len Version Length

ToS Byte

IPv4 Packet *However IP ECN is also supported on IPv6

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DiffServ Code Point (DSCP) CE ECT

policy-map ECN class class-default bandwidth percent 25 random-detect ecn

QoS Tools Review: Queuing & Dropping Tools IP Explicit Congestion Notification (IP ECN)







Agenda

29

QoS Design Best Practices



§  Always enable QoS policies in hardware—rather than software—whenever a choice exists

§ Classify and mark applications as close to their sources as technically and administratively feasible

§ Use DSCP marking whenever possible

§  Follow standards-based DSCP PHB markings to ensure interoperability and future expansion

Classification & Marking Best Practices



§  Police traffic flows as close to their source as possible

§ Whenever possible, markdown according to standards-based rules

§  For Example: Assured Forwarding Traffic (AF21 example) §  Conforming AF21 traffic is marked/remarked AF21 §  Exceeding AF21 traffic is remarked AF22 §  Violating AF21 traffic is remarked AF23

Policing and Remarking Best Practices



§  Enable queuing policies at every node that has the potential for congestion

§ Whenever possible, assign each application class to its own dedicated queue

§ Use only platforms and/or service providers that offer a minimum of four standards-based queuing behaviors: –  An RFC 3246 Expedited Forwarding Per-Hop Behavior –  An RFC 2597 Assured Forwarding Per-Hop Behavior –  An RFC 2474 Default Forwarding Per-Hop Behavior –  An RFC 3662 Lower Effort Per-Domain Behavior

Queuing Best Practices



§  Enable DSCP-based WRED on AF queues

§  Enable WRED on the DF queue

§ Do not enable DSCP-based WRED on the EF queue

§ Do not enable WRED on control traffic application class queues

§ WRED is not required on the Scavenger queue

§ Optional: Tune WRED thresholds consistently—for example: §  Set the minimum WRED thresholds for AFx3 to 60% of the queue depth §  Set the minimum WRED thresholds for AFx2 to 70% of the queue depth §  Set the minimum WRED thresholds for AFx1 to 80% of the queue depth §  Set all maximum WRED thresholds to 100%

WRED Principles


•  EF Queue Recommendations: •  Limit the amount of strict priority queuing to 33% of link bandwidth capacity •  Govern strict-priority traffic with an admission control mechanism •  Do not enable WRED on this queue

•  AF Queue Recommendations: •  Provision guaranteed bandwidth allocations according to application requirements •  Enable DSCP-based WRED on this queue(s)

•  DF Queue Recommendations: •  Provision at least 25 percent of link bandwidth for the default Best Effort class •  Enable WRED (effectively RED) on the default class

•  Scavenger Queue Recommendations: •  Assign minimum bandwidth to the Scavenger-class queue •  WRED is not required on the Scavenger-class queue

QoS Design Best Practices Per-Hop Behavior Principles







Agenda

36

QoS Design Strategies


QoS Design Strategies

§  By 2017… –  Global IP traffic will triple –  The number of IP devices will be more than triple the global population –  Wireless traffic will exceed wired –  Half of all IP traffic will be non-PC traffic (smartphones, tablets etc.) –  80-90% of consumer internet traffic will be video

Macro Trends in Internet Usage

38

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/solutions/collateral/ns341/ns525/ns537/ns705/ns827/white_paper_c11-481360_ns827_Networking_Solutions_White_Paper.html


QoS Design Strategies RFC 4594: Configuration Guidelines for DiffServ Service Classes

39

Application Class

Per-Hop Behavior

Admission Control

Queuing & Dropping

Application Examples

VoIP Telephony EF Required Priority Queue (PQ) Cisco IP Phones (G.711, G.729)

Broadcast Video CS5 Required (Optional) PQ Cisco IP Video Surveillance / Cisco Enterprise TV

Realtime Interactive CS4 Required (Optional) PQ Cisco TelePresence

Multimedia Conferencing AF4 Required BW Queue + DSCP WRED Cisco Jabber, Cisco WebEx

Multimedia Streaming AF3 Recommended BW Queue + DSCP WRED Cisco Digital Media System (VoDs)

Network Control CS6 BW Queue EIGRP, OSPF, BGP, HSRP, IKE

Signaling CS3 BW Queue SCCP, SIP, H.323

Ops / Admin / Mgmt (OAM) CS2 BW Queue SNMP, SSH, Syslog

Transactional Data AF2 BW Queue + DSCP WRED ERP Apps, CRM Apps, Database Apps

Bulk Data AF1 BW Queue + DSCP WRED E-mail, FTP, Backup Apps, Content Distribution

Best Effort DF Default Queue + RED Default Class

Scavenger CS1 Min BW Queue (Deferential) YouTube, iTunes, BitTorent, Xbox Live


QoS Design Strategies Business Requirements Will Continue to Evolve and Expand over Time

40

Time

Critical Data

Realtime

4-Class Model

Best Effort

Signaling / Control Call Signaling

Critical Data

Interactive Video

Voice 8-Class Model

Scavenger

Best Effort

Streaming Video

Network Control Network Management

Realtime Interactive

Transactional Data

Multimedia Conferencing

Voice 12-Class Model

Bulk Data

Scavenger Best Effort

Multimedia Streaming

Network Control

Broadcast Video

Call Signaling


Transactional Data

Realtime

4-Class Model

Best Effort

Control

AF21

EF

DSCP

DF

CS3

Real%me 33%

Control 7%

Best Effort 25%

Transactional Data 35%

QoS Design Strategies Basic (4-Class) QoS Strategy


Signaling

Transactional Data

Interactive Video

Voice 8-Class Model


Streaming Video

Network Control CS3

AF2

AF41

EF DSCP

CS1 DF

AF31

CS6

Interac%ve Video 23%

Network Control 5%

Signaling 2%

Transac%onal Data 24%

Best Effort 25%

Voice 10%

Scavenger 1%

Streaming Video 10%

QoS Design Strategies Intermediate (8-Class) QoS Strategy


Voice 10%

Streaming Video 10%

OAM


Transactional Data


Voice 12-Class Model

Bulk Data


Multimedia Streaming Network Control

Broadcast Video

Signaling CS2

CS4

AF2

AF4

EF DSCP

AF1

CS1 DF

AF3 CS6

CS5

CS3

QoS Design Strategies Advanced (12-Class) QoS Strategy

Broadcast Video 10%

Real%me Interac%ve 13%

Network Control 2%

OAM 3%

Signaling 2%

Mul%media Streaming

10%

Mul%media Conferencing

10%

Transac%onal Data 10%

Bulk Data 4%

Scavenger 1%

Best Effort 25%

Voice 10%


Voice

Interactive Video

Broadcast Video


Transactional Data

Network Control

Network Management (OAM)

Signaling Multimedia Streaming Multimedia

Conferencing

Bulk Data

Scavenger

Best Effort

4-Class Model

8-Class Model

12-Class Model

Strategic Bandwidth Allocations Consistency in Bandwidth Allocation as QoS Models Evolve







Agenda

45


“Mission-Critical Data”

Voice 4-Class Model

Best Effort

Signaling

AF31

EF DSCP

DF

CS3

Voice 33%

Signaling 7%

“Mission-‐Cri%cal Data” 35%

Best Effort 25%

Case Study: Tifosi Software Original Four-Class QoS and Queuing Models


Case Study: Tifosi Software

§  The imminent deployment of two dozen Cisco TelePresence Systems –  one each in every major engineering and sales office –  with future plans for more to come

§  The emerging popularity of multimedia collaboration applications –  including Cisco WebEx, Cisco Jabber, as well as Microsoft Lync

§  Too many applications classified as “mission critical” –  including email, file-transfers, backup operations, etc.

§  The identification of “substantial” amounts of non-business traffic on the network during work hours –  including YouTube, BitTorrent and iTunes downloads, as well as gaming traffic

§  A desire for greater overall QoS policy-consistency

Current Business Requirements


Voice 10%

Realtime Interactive 23%

Signaling 2%


10%

Transactional Data 25%

Bulk Data 4%

Scavenger 1%

Best Effort 25%

Signaling

“Mission Critical” Data Multimedia Conferencing

Voice 8-Class Model


Bulk Data

Realtime Interactive CS3

AF21 AF41

EF DSCP

CS1 DF

AF11

CS4

Case Study: Tifosi Software Proposed Eight-Class Strategic QoS Model

Transactional Data


Signaling

Transactional Data


Voice

Application Classes

Scavenger

Best Effort


CS3

AF2

CS4

EF

DSCP

CS1

DF

AF4

Bulk Data AF1

Q1 Priority Queue

Queue 4 (5%)

Queue 2 (30%)

Default Queue Queue 3 (35%)

Q2T2

Q4T2 Q4T1

Q2T1

EF CS4

CS3

DF

AF1 CS1

AF4

AF2

1P3Q3T

Case Study: Tifosi Software Campus Access Catalyst 3750 Eight-Class (1P3Q3T) Egress Queuing Model

1P3Q3T= 1 Priority Queue

3 (Non-Priority)

Queues (each with)

3 Drop Thresholds Q2T1= Queue 2, Threshold 1


1P7Q1T (+DBL)

Signaling

Transactional Data


Voice

Application Classes

Scavenger

Best Effort


CS3

AF2

CS4

EF

DSCP

CS1

DF

AF4

Signaling Queue (2% BWR)

Transactional Data Queue

(25% BWR + DBL)

Priority Queue

Scavenger (1% BWR)

Default Queue (25% BWR + DBL)

Multimedia Conferencing Queue

(10% BWR + DBL)

EF

DF

CS1

AF2

AF4

CS4

CS3

Bulk Data AF1 Bulk Data Queue

(4% BWR + DBL) AF1

Case Study: Tifosi Software Campus Distribution Catalyst 4500 Eight-Class (1P7Q1T+DBL) Queuing Model

DBL= Dynamic Buffer Limiting BWR= Bandwidth Remaining


8Q4T/1P7Q4T

Signaling

Transactional Data


Voice

Application Classes

Scavenger

Best Effort

CS3

AF2

CS4

EF

DSCP

CS1

DF

Signaling Queue (2% BW/BWR)

Transactional Data Queue (25% BW/BWR

+ DSCP-based WRED)

Realtime-Queue (33% BW/Priority)

Scavenger Queue (1% BW/BWR) Default Queue

(25% BW/BWR + WRED)

EF

DF

CS1

AF2

CS3

CS4

Multimedia Conferencing AF4 Multimedia Conferencing Queue

(10% BW /BWR + DSCP-based WRED) AF4

Bulk Data AF1 Bulk Data Queue

(4% BW/BWR + DSCP-based WRED) AF1

Case Study: Tifosi Software Campus Core Catalyst 6500 Eight-Class (8Q4T & 1P7Q4T) Queuing Models


Signaling

Transactional Data


Voice

Application Classes

Scavenger

Best Effort

CS3àDSCP 33

AF2

CS4

EF

DSCP

CS1

DF

Multimedia Conferencing AF4

Bulk Data AF1

Case Study: Tifosi Software Centralized Cisco 5508 Wireless LAN Controller 802.11e/WMM Queuing Model

Platinum

802.11e User Priorities (UP) & WLC Access Categories

Silver

Gold

Bronze

UP 7

UP 5

UP 3

UP 2

UP 6

UP 4

UP 0

UP 1


Transactional Data

Video / Realtime Interactive / Signaling

Bulk Data

Best Effort

Voice

Application Class

Internetwork Control

Network Control

AF2

AF4 / CS4 / CS3*

AF1

DF

EF

DSCP

CS6

N/A

8Q2T / 1P7Q4T Q1/PQ

8Q2T: 10% BW + 10% QL 1P7Q4T: Priority + 10% QL

CoS 5

Q2 8Q2T: 5% BW + 5% QL

1P7Q4T: 5% BWR + 5% QL

CoS 7

Q3 8Q2T: 5% BW + 5% QL

1P7Q4T: 5% BWR + 5% QL CoS 6

Q4 8Q2T: 35% BW + 35% QL + WRED

1P7Q4T: 35% BWR + 35% QL + WRED

CoS 4

Q6 8Q2T: 10% BW + 10% QL + WRED

1P7Q4T: 10% BWR + 10% QL + WRED

CoS 2

Q7 8Q2T: 10% BW + 10% QL + WRED

1P7Q4T: 10% BWR + 10% QL + WRED CoS 1

Q-Default 8Q2T: 25% BW + 25% QL + WRED

1P7Q4T: 35% BWR + 25% QL + WRED CoS 0

CoS 2

CoS 4

CoS 1

CoS 0

CoS 5

CoS

CoS 6

CoS 7

Q5 8Q2T: 0% BW + 0% QL

1P7Q4T: 0% BWR + 0% QL

CoS 3

Case Study: Tifosi Software DC Core Cisco Nexus 7000 M2 (8Q2T Ingress / 1P7Q4T Egress) Queuing Model


Q-Default (In-Q2 / Out-Q4)

4Q1T: 25% BW + 32% QL 1P3Q1T: 40% BWR

FCoE

Transactional Data

Video / Signaling

Bulk Data / vMotion

Best Effort

Voice / Realtime Interactive

Application Class

Internetwork Control

Network Control

N/A

AF2

AF4 / CS3*

AF1 / N/A

DF

EF / CS4

DSCP

CS6

4Q1T / 1P3Q1T

In-Q1 / Out-PQ1 4Q1T: 25% BW + 7% QL 1P3Q1T: Priority Level 1

CoS 7 CoS 6 CoS 5

In-Q3 / Out-Q3 4Q1T: 25% BW + 31% QL

1P3Q1T: 20% BWR

CoS 4

In-Q4 / Out-Q2 No Drop

4Q1T: 25% BW + 30% QL 1P3Q1T: 40% BWR

CoS 3

CoS 2

CoS 1

CoS 0

CoS 3

CoS 2

CoS 4

CoS 1*

CoS 0

CoS 5

CoS

CoS 6

CoS 7

Case Study: Tifosi Software DC Fabric Cisco Nexus 7000 F2 (nq-7e: 4Q1T / 1P3Q1T) Queuing Model

N/A


Signaling

Transactional Data


Voice

Customer 8-Class Model

Scavenger

Best Effort

Bulk Data

CS3 è CS4

AF21

AF41è AF31

EF

DSCP

CS1

DF

AF11

Realtime Interactive CS4

SP Six-Class Model Classes-of-Service

SP-REALTIME-CLASS (RTP) LLQ 10%

EF CS5

SP-AF4-CLASS (RTP) CBWFQ 25% BW +

DSCP-WRED AF41 CS4

SP-AF1-CLASS (Control) CBWFQ 5% BW +

DSCP-WRED

SP-DEFAULT-CLASS CBWFQ 25% BW +

WRED

DF

SP-AF3-CLASS (UDP) CBWFQ 10% BW +

DSCP-WRED AF31 CS3

SP-AF2-CLASS (TCP) CBWFQ 25% BW +

DSCP-WRED

AF21 CS2

AF11 CS1

Case Study: Tifosi Software MPLS VPN Customer-Edge Enterprise-to-Service Provider Mapping


Recommended Reading

§ Release Date: Jan 2014 § Comprehensive QoS design

guidance for PINs and platforms: •  Campus Catalyst 3750/4500/6500 •  WLAN WLC 5508 / Catalyst 3850 NGWC •  Data Center Nexus 1000V/2000/5500/7000 •  WAN & Branch Cisco ASR 1000 / ISR G2 •  MPLS VPN Cisco ASR 9000 / CRS-3 •  IPSec VPNs Cisco ISR G2

•  ISBN: 1-58714-369-0

56

Ken Briley

http://www.ciscopress.com/store/end-to-end-qos-network-design-quality-of-service-for-9781587143694


Thank You for Joining Us Today

57

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