JOB SAFETYJOB SAFETYCause and prevention of accidentsCause and prevention of accidents

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION• Welcome to the Centara Basic Work Safety Welcome to the Centara Basic Work Safety

Introduction Introduction • This Training covers some of the Work Safety This Training covers some of the Work Safety

issues which affect you every day.issues which affect you every day.• Safe working procedures are essential to a Safe working procedures are essential to a

productive and healthy workplace. productive and healthy workplace. • Working safe is your responsibility to ensure you Working safe is your responsibility to ensure you

and your Coworkers are not injured at workand your Coworkers are not injured at work

SAFE WORK PRACTICES SAFE WORK PRACTICES IS PART OF IS PART OF YOUR JOBYOUR JOB

CAUSE OF ACCIDENTSCAUSE OF ACCIDENTS

• Accident can happen both at work and at home Accident can happen both at work and at home as a result of:as a result of:

• unsafe attitudesunsafe attitudes• unsafe behaviorunsafe behavior• unsafe conditionsunsafe conditions

UNSAFE ATTITUDESUNSAFE ATTITUDES• These are the thoughts or feeling which may result in us rushing These are the thoughts or feeling which may result in us rushing

a job or being early distracted, just at the time when we should a job or being early distracted, just at the time when we should be concentrating the most, for example:be concentrating the most, for example:

• impatienceimpatience• boredomboredom• overconfidenceoverconfidence• recklessnessrecklessnessUNSAFE BEHAVIORUNSAFE BEHAVIOR• Although unsafe attitudes may lead to accidents, unsafe behavior Although unsafe attitudes may lead to accidents, unsafe behavior

is guaranteed to lead to accidents.is guaranteed to lead to accidents.• Included under this heading would be:Included under this heading would be:• taking unnecessary riskstaking unnecessary risks• horseplay or “fooling around”horseplay or “fooling around”• taking short cutstaking short cuts• improper use of tools and equipmentimproper use of tools and equipment• ignoring warning signsignoring warning signs

UNSAFE CONDITIONSUNSAFE CONDITIONS• Unsafe conditions do not necessarily lead to immediate Unsafe conditions do not necessarily lead to immediate

accidents, but they will at some time in the future. accidents, but they will at some time in the future. Unsafe conditions are “safety hazards” which should be Unsafe conditions are “safety hazards” which should be removed, fixed or reported to your supervisor if you are removed, fixed or reported to your supervisor if you are unable to fix then yourself. They following examples unable to fix then yourself. They following examples would be unsafe conditions:would be unsafe conditions:

• spills or leaking pipes and containersspills or leaking pipes and containers• broken tools, equipment or other items with which you broken tools, equipment or other items with which you

come into contact at workcome into contact at work• missing items such as safety guard or protective coversmissing items such as safety guard or protective covers• Obstructions and “clutter” on stairways and in corridors.Obstructions and “clutter” on stairways and in corridors.

JOBS SAFETYJOBS SAFETYCAUSES AND PREVENTION OF CAUSES AND PREVENTION OF

ACCIDENTSACCIDENTS

PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTSPREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS• In almost every case, an accident need not have In almost every case, an accident need not have

happened and may have been prevented by happened and may have been prevented by following come simple safety rules and following come simple safety rules and remembering the three”A’s” of accident remembering the three”A’s” of accident prevention.prevention.

Three”A’s”Three”A’s”

Three”A’s”Three”A’s”AttentAttentionion• By paying attention to what you are doing or where By paying attention to what you are doing or where

your are going, you will be able to recognize many your are going, you will be able to recognize many hazard which cause accidents.hazard which cause accidents.

AvoidAvoid • If you spot a safety hazard, the next best method of If you spot a safety hazard, the next best method of

preventing an accident is to avoid the hazard.preventing an accident is to avoid the hazard.ActionAction• The final “A” of accident prevention is action, and this The final “A” of accident prevention is action, and this

is the real part of team playing.is the real part of team playing.• Action means marking the hazard or drawing it to the Action means marking the hazard or drawing it to the

attention of fellow employees. It also means fixing the attention of fellow employees. It also means fixing the hazard or asking someone else to do it for you. hazard or asking someone else to do it for you.

JOBS SAFETYJOBS SAFETYYOU AND YOUR BACKYOU AND YOUR BACK

Proper lifting techniquesProper lifting techniques• Unfortunately, neither exercise nor good posture Unfortunately, neither exercise nor good posture

can rectify the damage done by improper lifting can rectify the damage done by improper lifting techniques. The following recommendation techniques. The following recommendation should help you to avoid these injuries:should help you to avoid these injuries:

1 “lift twice”1 “lift twice”• You should first lift mentally, that is to say plan the lift in a You should first lift mentally, that is to say plan the lift in a

way that is as kind as possible to your back. You should:way that is as kind as possible to your back. You should:• plan every step before you do itplan every step before you do it• anticipate any problemsanticipate any problems• identify any obstaclesidentify any obstacles• look for the easiest way to do the liftlook for the easiest way to do the lift• Then you should lift physically.Then you should lift physically.

2 look for the easiest way to do the lift2 look for the easiest way to do the lift• You should ensure that you have identified the easiest way to You should ensure that you have identified the easiest way to

lift the object:lift the object:• ask for help when necessaryask for help when necessary• use a trolley or other piece of equipmentuse a trolley or other piece of equipment

3 use the proper lifting techniques3 use the proper lifting techniques• Whether you are lifting on your own or with a colleague, you Whether you are lifting on your own or with a colleague, you

should follow these guidelines:should follow these guidelines:

step1step1 • Get close to the load and place your feet firmly on the ground.Get close to the load and place your feet firmly on the ground.

Step 2Step 2• Grasp the load firmly and hug it close to you. (The closer the Grasp the load firmly and hug it close to you. (The closer the

load to the spine, the less will be the strain on your back)load to the spine, the less will be the strain on your back)

Step 3Step 3• Keeping your back straight, you should use your strong leg Keeping your back straight, you should use your strong leg

muscles to lift the load.muscles to lift the load.• Remember that exactly the same procedure should be used Remember that exactly the same procedure should be used

when setting down the load.when setting down the load.

JOB SAFETYJOB SAFETYKitchen safetyKitchen safety

• There are four major causes of accidents in There are four major causes of accidents in kitchens:kitchens:

• fallsfalls• cutscuts• burnsburns• machine injuriesmachine injuries

Most if these accidents can be prevented by Most if these accidents can be prevented by following simple safety precautions following simple safety precautions

FALLSFALLS• Since falls are the second most frequent cause of deathsSince falls are the second most frequent cause of deaths• After car accidents, their seriousness should not be After car accidents, their seriousness should not be

underestimated.underestimated.• Falls may be prevented by applying the three “A’s” of accident Falls may be prevented by applying the three “A’s” of accident

prevention.prevention.AttentionAttention• Pay attention to what you doing and where you are goingPay attention to what you doing and where you are goingAvoidAvoid• Avoid safety hazard and walk around spills and slippery Avoid safety hazard and walk around spills and slippery

surfaces.surfaces.ActionAction• Pick up things you or your fellow employees may have Pick up things you or your fellow employees may have

dropped and clean up spills, especially cooking oil and hard, dropped and clean up spills, especially cooking oil and hard, gritty substances such as rice.gritty substances such as rice.

CutsCuts• Knives are tools of the trade for kitchen Knives are tools of the trade for kitchen

employees and need not be dangerous as long as employees and need not be dangerous as long as they are used carefully:they are used carefully:

AVOID IMPROPER USE OF KNIVESAVOID IMPROPER USE OF KNIVES• Knives should be used only for the proper for Knives should be used only for the proper for

which they are designed. They should never be which they are designed. They should never be used as can openers or to press open a box or used as can openers or to press open a box or drawer.drawer.

USE THE CORRECT KNIFE FOR THE JOD TO USE THE CORRECT KNIFE FOR THE JOD TO BE DONEBE DONE

• Every knife in the kitchen has been specially designed for Every knife in the kitchen has been specially designed for certain tasks. Make sure that you are using the right knife certain tasks. Make sure that you are using the right knife for the job to be donefor the job to be done

SHARP KNIFE IS SAFER THAN A BLUNT ONESHARP KNIFE IS SAFER THAN A BLUNT ONE• If you use a blunt knife, you will need to use more If you use a blunt knife, you will need to use more

pressure and the knife will be more likely to slip. You will pressure and the knife will be more likely to slip. You will also have to work harder at whatever you are cutting.also have to work harder at whatever you are cutting.

USE CARE WHEN SHARPENING A KNIFEUSE CARE WHEN SHARPENING A KNIFE• Use only a steel which has a guard above the handle and Use only a steel which has a guard above the handle and

hold the steel away from the body. Use gentle strokes and hold the steel away from the body. Use gentle strokes and concentrate on what you are doing. Never sharpen a knife concentrate on what you are doing. Never sharpen a knife while standing in a busy traffic aisle.while standing in a busy traffic aisle.

ALWAYS USE A CHOPPING BOARDALWAYS USE A CHOPPING BOARD• Cutting onto a stainless steel table will not only damage Cutting onto a stainless steel table will not only damage

the knife, but will also cause the knife to slip more easily.the knife, but will also cause the knife to slip more easily.

PROTECT YOURSELF AND OTHERSPROTECT YOURSELF AND OTHERS• Always leave a knife clearly visible with the blade pointing Always leave a knife clearly visible with the blade pointing

toward the edge of the cutting board.toward the edge of the cutting board.• Always carry a knife with the blade pointing downwards Always carry a knife with the blade pointing downwards

and held close to the leg.and held close to the leg.• Never try to catch a falling knife. Since a knife falls with Never try to catch a falling knife. Since a knife falls with

the handle first, you may end up catching the blade. Allow the handle first, you may end up catching the blade. Allow it to fall, warm others and pick it up carefully.it to fall, warm others and pick it up carefully.

• Store knives in a knife rack or in a case.Store knives in a knife rack or in a case.

BurnsBurns• Burns may be one of two types in a kitchen: either Burns may be one of two types in a kitchen: either

dry burns caused by dry, very hot surfaces, or dry burns caused by dry, very hot surfaces, or scalds caused by very hot liquids.scalds caused by very hot liquids.

• Both types of burns can be prevented.Both types of burns can be prevented.

UNIFORMUNIFORM• Always wear the uniform that has been provided to you. Always wear the uniform that has been provided to you.

It has been designed to provide maximum protection It has been designed to provide maximum protection against burns. In particular, always wear closed toes shoes against burns. In particular, always wear closed toes shoes with non-slip soles.with non-slip soles.

USE A PROPER OVEN CLOTHUSE A PROPER OVEN CLOTH• Never use your apron of a wet towel. It is easier to drop a Never use your apron of a wet towel. It is easier to drop a

hot or burning towel than an apron and wet towels will hot or burning towel than an apron and wet towels will transfer heat more quickly than a dry one.transfer heat more quickly than a dry one.

WARN OTHERWARN OTHER• Always warm others of hot pans and do not leave hot Always warm others of hot pans and do not leave hot

pans so that they can be easily knocked off a counter or pans so that they can be easily knocked off a counter or stove. And never leave a pan of fat or oil unattended since stove. And never leave a pan of fat or oil unattended since it could easily catch fire.it could easily catch fire.

DO NOT OVERFILL POTS AND PANDO NOT OVERFILL POTS AND PAN• When they are full they cannot be moved or When they are full they cannot be moved or

stirred without spilling or splashingstirred without spilling or splashingLIFT THE LIDS OF PAN CAREFULLYLIFT THE LIDS OF PAN CAREFULLY• Lift the lids of hot pans carefully to let the steam Lift the lids of hot pans carefully to let the steam

escape and use the lid to protect your face from escape and use the lid to protect your face from the hot steam and bubbling liquids. Waft smells the hot steam and bubbling liquids. Waft smells toward you rather than place directly over the pan.toward you rather than place directly over the pan.

TRANSPORT HOT PANS CAREFULLYTRANSPORT HOT PANS CAREFULLY• Wherever necessary, use a trolley and warm other Wherever necessary, use a trolley and warm other

as you approach.as you approach.• Watch for anything that may cause you to slip or Watch for anything that may cause you to slip or

fall.fall.

OTHER EQUIMENTOTHER EQUIMENT• Steamer and steam kettleSteamer and steam kettle• open steam valves slowlyopen steam valves slowly• beware of unprotected steam linesbeware of unprotected steam lines• open door and lids slowly and carefullyopen door and lids slowly and carefully• strain liquids carefully from steam kettlesstrain liquids carefully from steam kettles

Deep fat fryerDeep fat fryer• only fill the fryer as far as the fill-line never over only fill the fryer as far as the fill-line never over

fillfill• do not place too much food in the fryer at one do not place too much food in the fryer at one

timetime• dry food as much as possible before placing in the dry food as much as possible before placing in the

fryer to minimize spatteringfryer to minimize spattering• always use a basketalways use a basketOvenOven• always ventilate an oven before turning it onalways ventilate an oven before turning it on• check to see that there is no smell of gas before check to see that there is no smell of gas before

turning onturning on• stand to one side before turning onstand to one side before turning on

Machine injuryMachine injury• Kitchen machines can be very dangerous and may Kitchen machines can be very dangerous and may

cause many types of accident. As with any piece of cause many types of accident. As with any piece of equipment, familiarity breeds contempt and this is equipment, familiarity breeds contempt and this is just the time when accidents happen. The just the time when accidents happen. The following guidelines should always be applied:following guidelines should always be applied:

Watch out for moving partsWatch out for moving parts• Most kitchen machines have moving parts which Most kitchen machines have moving parts which

may cause accidents. You should be especially may cause accidents. You should be especially careful about things which may get caught in the careful about things which may get caught in the machines ( scarves, sleeves, torn clothing, tabs on machines ( scarves, sleeves, torn clothing, tabs on apron, jewelry, etc..)apron, jewelry, etc..)

ALWAYS USE SAFETY GUARDSALWAYS USE SAFETY GUARDS• Safety guard have been supplies by the manufacturer to Safety guard have been supplies by the manufacturer to

provide essential protection. The equipment should not provide essential protection. The equipment should not be used when safety guards are missing or damaged.be used when safety guards are missing or damaged.

DO NOT INSERT UTENSILS INTO MOVING DO NOT INSERT UTENSILS INTO MOVING MACHINESMACHINES

• Always switch off equipment before inserting utensils Always switch off equipment before inserting utensils (eg.spoons, scrapers, etc.) they may get caught in the (eg.spoons, scrapers, etc.) they may get caught in the moving parts and cause a serious accident.moving parts and cause a serious accident.

SWITCH OFF POWERSWITCH OFF POWER

• You should always switch off power before dismantling You should always switch off power before dismantling starting up and also prevent electrical shock.starting up and also prevent electrical shock.

WATCH OUT FOR MOVING PARTSWATCH OUT FOR MOVING PARTS• Most kitchen machines have moving parts which Most kitchen machines have moving parts which

may cause accidents. You should be especially may cause accidents. You should be especially careful about things which may get caught in the careful about things which may get caught in the machines (scarves, sleeves, torn clothing, tabs on machines (scarves, sleeves, torn clothing, tabs on aprons jewelry, etc.)aprons jewelry, etc.)

DO NOT TOUCH OR HANDLE ELECTRIC DO NOT TOUCH OR HANDLE ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT, INCLUDING SWITCHES, EQUIPMENT, INCLUDING SWITCHES, IF HANDS ARE WET OR IF STAND IN IF HANDS ARE WET OR IF STAND IN WATER.WATER.

USE EQUIPMENT ONLY FOR THE USE EQUIPMENT ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE INTENDED.PURPOSE INTENDED.

Storage techniquesStorage techniques• Improper storage techniques can increase the Improper storage techniques can increase the

likelihood of accidents.likelihood of accidents.• These may be avoided by implementing the These may be avoided by implementing the

following guidelines:following guidelines:

1 store large and bulky items on lower shelves1 store large and bulky items on lower shelves

It is much easier to raise heavier items onto a trolley than to lower them from a height. The muscles involved in raising objects are stronger than those used in lowering objects

Where large, bulky items must be stored on higher shelves, always seek help from someone else. You will be less likely to lose your balance and drop the box

2 STORE ITEMS WHICH ARE FREQUENTLY 2 STORE ITEMS WHICH ARE FREQUENTLY USED WITHIN EASY REACHUSED WITHIN EASY REACH

This helps to minimize the fatigue and the frustration This helps to minimize the fatigue and the frustration which could result from taking items off difficult-to-reach which could result from taking items off difficult-to-reach shelves. Fatigue and frustration can lead to accidents.shelves. Fatigue and frustration can lead to accidents.

3 AVOID BACK INJURIES3 AVOID BACK INJURIES

Always “lift twice” first mentally and then physically. Be Always “lift twice” first mentally and then physically. Be sure to use the proper lifting techniques previously sure to use the proper lifting techniques previously demonstrated.demonstrated.

4 USE LADDERS CORRECTLY4 USE LADDERS CORRECTLY

Remember to follow the 1 to 4 rule of ladders and avoid Remember to follow the 1 to 4 rule of ladders and avoid over reaching your centre of balanceover reaching your centre of balance

FIRST AIDFIRST AID• First aid is the immediate care given to the victim of an

injury or a sudden illness.• The person who administers the first aid know that his

knowledge of, and skill in first aid techniques can mean the difference between life and death, between temporary and permanent disability and between rapid recovery and long hospitalization.

• Everyone feels obliged to help those who have met emergencies, particularly those who are helpless.

• The first-aider must think and then act. The executive sous chef, sous chef or supervisor on duty must be called right away if a serious accident occurs, the victim must be send to the doctor or to the hospital immediately.