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Joan of Arc - contents of Wikipedia
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Joan of Arc (French: Jeanne d'Arc,[4] IPA: [an dak]; c. 1412[5] 30 May 1431),
nicknamed "The Maid of Orlans" (French: La Pucelle d'Orlans), is considered a
heroine of France and a Roman Catholic saint. She was born to Jacques d'Arc and
Isabelle, a peasant family, at Domrmy in north-east France. Joan said she received
visions of the Archangel Michael, Saint Margaret and Saint Catherine instructing her to
support Charles VII and recover France from English domination late in the Hundred
Years' War. The uncrowned King Charles VII sent Joan to the siege of Orlans as part
of a relief mission. She gained prominence after the siege was lifted in only nine days.
Several additional swift victories led to Charles VII's coronation at Reims. This long-
awaited event boosted French morale and paved the way for the final French victory.
On 23 May 1430, she was captured at Compigne by the Burgundian faction which was
allied with the English. She was later handed over to the English,[6] and then put on trial
by the pro-English Bishop of Beauvais Pierre Cauchon on a variety of charges.[7] After
Cauchon declared her guilty she was burned at the stake on 30 May 1431, dying at
about nineteen years of age.[8]
Twenty-five years after her execution, an inquisitorial court authorized by Pope
Callixtus III examined the trial, debunked the charges against her, pronounced her
innocent, and declared her a martyr.[8] Joan of Arc was beatified in 1909 and canonized
in 1920. She is one of the nine secondary patron saints of France, along with St. Denis,
St. Martin of Tours, St. Louis, St. Michael, St. Remi, St. Petronilla, St. Radegund and
St. Thrse of Lisieux.
Joan of Arc has been a popular figure in literature, painting, sculpture, and other cultural
works since the time of her death, and many famous writers, filmmakers and composers
have created works about her. Cultural depictions of Joan of Arc have continued in
films, theatre, television, video games, music, and performances to this day.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_of_Arc#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_Frenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_of_Arc#cite_note-birthdate-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_sainthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peasanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domr%C3%A9my-la-Pucellehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archangelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_%28archangel%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_VII_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Orl%C3%A9anshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reimshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compi%C3%A8gnehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burgundian_%28party%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_of_Arc#cite_note-justice.gouv.fr-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Cauchonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_of_Arc#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_by_burninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_of_Arc#cite_note-ward-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Callixtus_IIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Callixtus_IIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martyrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_of_Arc#cite_note-ward-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patron_sainthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_of_Tourshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_of_Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_%28archangel%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Remigiushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Petronillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radegundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_of_Lisieuxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Joan_of_Arc