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Migrating to Cloud Services
Henry Hughes
A Changing Approach
• “Too many universities operate in an outdated
way. They’ve failed to recognise the savings and
service improvements that could be obtained
through engagement with commercial partners
and the use of shared services…”
Higher Education in the Age of Austerity
Sector Financial Drivers
• Department of Business, Innovation and Skills
– 25% reduction over 4 years
• HE Teaching budget cut by 40% over 4 years.
– £2.9bn (£7.1-£4.2bn)
• FE Teaching budget cut by 25% over 4 years.
– £1.1bn
• Departments merging, funding difficult to access
• Funding Councils changing funding methodologies
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
16.7 16.5 15.6 14.7 13.7
Campus Drivers
– Focus on cost reduction and service improvement• Data Centers can use >10% of power for an entire campus
– Carbon Reduction Commitment• Impact organisations with energy usage >6,000MWh and will increase
each year
• Additional carbon-related taxation is likely
– Real estate becoming more valuable for other activities
– Problems provisioning additional power in some areas
What is Cloud Computing?
• Helpful NIST Definition
Characteristics Service Models Deployment Models
On-demand self-serviceBroad network accessResource poolingRapid elasticityMeasured Service
Software as a servicePlatform as a serviceInfrastructure as a service
Private CloudCommunity CloudPublic CloudHybrid Cloud
Government Cloud
“The Government is currently developing proposals for G-Cloud.
This cloud computing infrastructure will enable public bodies to
select and host ICT services from a secure, resilient and cost-
effective shared environment.” – Cabinet Office
Aims –
• Reduction of ICT costs
• Improve government services and agility through use of ICT
• Reduction of carbon footprint due to Government ICT services
• Improve data centre services
• Align with other Government thinking
bespoke
product
commodity
Certainty
Ub
iqu
ity
Innovation
IT Delivered “As a product”
IT Delivered “As a service”
HighLow
High
Low
Cloud?
Dem
and
Improvement
Move to commodisiationerodes value of the old (Schumpeter – creative destruction) accelerating new innovation…
Is it that easy?
• Significant investment in customised in-house systems, means
moving external is not simple
• Total cost of ownership is often not known, elements within with IT,
Estates and Finance functions
• Costing of IT services is a difficult task involving three interacting
variables: people, processes and technology.
• Making reliable estimates of potential cost savings is difficult
• There are concerns over data security and privacy
• There are uncertainties regarding data location and legal risks
• There are uncertainties with regard to changes to security models
Risks in Cloud Computing
• Useful paper “Putting Cloud security in perspective” from Capgemini
Compliance Multi-tenancy Lock-in Availability
Data Protection ActPCI-DSS
Data hosted abroad (US Patriot Act)
Safe HarbourAgreement
Shared storage or compute resource
Provider Security
Flexibility & value balanced against security risk
Difficult for PaaS
Possible route for SaaS
Market needs to develop in this area
Cloud services likely to offer more resilience
What are existing services achieving?
How safe is your data currently?
Service layers
Data centre
Networking & Firewalling
Servers
Virtulisation
Operating system
Infrastructure software
Application software
People
Client device
Interconnecting network
Infr
astr
uct
ure
-aaS
Soft
war
e-aa
S
Pla
tfo
rm-a
aS
Infr
astr
uct
ure
Pla
tfo
rm
Soft
war
e
Organisation
JANET Cloud
Brokerage
• Guiding themes
– Enabling re-use/re-sale of existing provision & capacity
– Identifying new models and opportunities
– Supporting adoption of new technologies & models
– Supporting organisations and keeping autonomy with institutions
– Promoting interoperability, open standards and data formats
– De-risking new models and services (SLA’s, T&Cs, governance)
– Creating an effective competitive market for suppliers
– Enabling new projects, developments, and shared services
Timescales
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May …
Anticipated Service Start
Prove concepts
Identify Pilots
Migrate Prototypes (to service)
Create Prototype Projects (with Commercial Suppliers)
Build Prototypes (with sector organisations)
Create Environment
Build Digital Marketplace
Diligence on existing areas Diligence on new areas
Build Sustainability Model
Deliver wider scale
Seeking Pilot Sites
• Looking for universities / colleges that:– Are looking to develop/move their data centres
– Have already adopted off campus data centre / cloud services
– Are looking to adopt campus data centre / cloud type services
– Are looking to provide campus data centre / cloud services
– Are negotiating with commercial providers on campus data
centre / cloud services
Conclusions
• There are opportunities for significant cost and efficiency
savings to be made
• The risks need to be understood in context of the service
being purchased and need to be set in the context of the
risks to existing services