JICA Knowledge Co-Creation Program (Group & Region Focus ...eneken.ieej.or.jp/data/7460.pdf · Cabo Verde Country Profile Cabo Verde was discovered in 1460 and was under Portuguese

JICA Knowledge Co-Creation Program (Group & Region Focus)Energy Policy (A) & (B) JFY2017

Country Report

Cabo Verde

Presented by : Rito Évora

IEEJ：July 2017 © IEEJ2017

Content

1. General Information;

2. Energy Reserves;

3. Current Energy Policy and Measures;

4. Past Energy Demand and Supply;

5. Outlook of Energy Demand and Supply (2020, 2030)

6. Energy Related Investment;

7. Major Difficulties and Bottlenecks in Formulating Energy Policies;

8. Subjects of Interest.


Cabo Verde Country Profile

Cabo Verde was discovered in 1460and was under Portuguese colonialrule until 1975, when it achieved itsindependence on 5 July. In January1991 was institutionalized the multi-party system. Currently Cabo Verdehas a stable semi-parliamentaryregime, enjoying peace, social andpolitical stability.

Location : West Africa ≈450 Km form West AfricaLand Surface Area: 4.033Km2Exclusive Economic Zone: ≈ 700.000 km2National language – CreoleOfficial language – PortugueseCountry Capital – PraiaCurrency – Escudos with a fixed peg to the Euro


DemographyIEEJ：July 2017 © IEEJ2017

GDP

122,0 134,7 135,9 138,6

147,9 150,4 153,7 156,4 159,4 164,7 172,8

10,4%

0,9%

2,0%

6,8%

1,6%2,2%

1,7% 1,9%

3,3%

4,9%

0,0%

2,0%

4,0%

6,0%

8,0%

10,0%

12,0%

-

20,0

40,0

60,0

80,0

100,0

120,0

140,0

160,0

180,0

200,0

2 007 2 008 2 009 2 010 2 011 2 012 2 013 2 014 2 015 2 016 2 017

Nominal GDP (Billions ECV) % GDP Growth

Estimastes IMF

Sources: INE and IMF


Energy Reserves

No known fossil energy reserves butstrong wind, solar and other renewableenergy potential.


Current energy policy and measures

• The long-term strategy is to accomplish the transition to an energy sectorthat is secure, efficient, sustainable, without reliance on fossil fuels andcapable of providing universal access and energy security.

• Cabo Verde is firmly committed to a global low-carbon transformation,which decouples economic growth from emissions, provides for thesustainable use of natural resources, and has laid the relevant groundworkto achieve energy independence relaying on renewable sources and energyefficiency.

• The GoCV has made significant progress towards achieving energy accessgoals and increasing the use of RE in the electricity mix in the recent years.However, the country is still highly dependent on the use of imported fossilfuels and thus oil price volatility and transportation costs have an impact onits economy. The insularity character of the country also contributes to thecomplexity of the problem.


Demand and supply

0

50 000

100 000

150 000

200 000

250 000

300 000

350 000

400 000

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Total Energy Consumption (Toe)

Re-export

Internal Consumption

372.283 Toe in 2016


0

10 000

20 000

30 000

40 000

50 000

60 000

70 000

80 000

90 000

LPG Kerosene Gasoline Gasoil Fuel JET A1 Wind Solar Wood

Internal Energy Consumption (Toe)

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016


0

20 000

40 000

60 000

80 000

100 000

120 000

140 000

160 000

180 000

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Re-export (Toe)

Gasoil Fuel JET A1 Total


2 007 2 008 2 009 2 010 2 011 2 012 2 013 2 014 2 015 2 016

Diesel 275 55 293 51 303 16 328 80 315 90 299 05 307 41 304 23 335 17 360 73

Wind 6 869 5 510 4 661 1 992 15 605 64 495 75 824 80 183 78 820 76 932

Solar - - - 2 105 8 956 7 464 7 253 6 647 6 214 5 637

-

50 000

100 000

150 000

200 000

250 000

300 000

350 000

400 000

450 000

500 000Electric Power Suply (MWh)


Power Supply in 2016

Electra74%

AEB5%

APP4%

Cabéolica17%

Electric Wind0%

Total 2016 - 443 305 MWh

+ 1 GWh produced by Distributed Generators

Generation(MWh)

Comb. F. Eólico Solar PV TotalElectra 320 572 5 595 326 166 AEB 24 511 24 511 APP 15 654 42 15 696 Cabéolica 75 486 75 486 Electric Wind 1 446 1 446

Total 360 737 76 932 5 637 443 305 81,37% 17,35% 1,27%

Existing capacity (MW)Gasoleo Fuel 180 Fuel 380 Eólico Solar PV Total

Electra 27,34 80,13 18,44 6,75 132,66 AEB 8,60 3,0 11,60 APP 2,41 3,8 0,036 6,25 Cabéolica 25,5 25,50 Electric Wind 0,5 0,50 Total 38,4 86,9 18,4 26,0 6,8 176,51

22% 49% 10% 15% 4%


Power Supply in 2016(cont.)

Factor de Capacidade (%)

Diesel Eólico Solar PV

Electra 29,1% 9,5%

AEB 24,1%

APP 28,8% 13,4%

Cabéolica 33,8%

Electric Wind 33,0%

Total 28,7% 33,8% 9,5%

Produção Cabéólica

S.Vicente Sal Boavista Santiago Total

Potencia Instalada 5,95 7,65 2,55 9,35 25,50

Produção Decl. Cabe. 18 246 17 213 7 878 32 020 75 358

Fator de Capacidade 35,0% 25,7% 35,3% 39,1% 33,7%

Disponivel Decl. Cab.* 28 987 32 208 10 174 33 834 105 202

Fator de Capacidade 55,6% 48,1% 45,5% 41,3% 47,1%* Estes dados exigem uma analise de validação


65 976 75 998 76 001

83 269 87 612 94 035

92 268 105 545 94 401

112 145

-

50 000

100 000

150 000

200 000

250 000

300 000

350 000

400 000

450 000

500 000

2 007 2 008 2 009 2 010 2 011 2 012 2 013 2 014 2 015 2 016

Electric Power Consumption & Losses (MWh)

Losses

Internal Consumpt.

Desal& bom.

LV-E

MV

Public lighting

LV-N


Energy consumption 2016 (MWh)

- 50 000 100 000 150 000 200 000 250 000

Santiago

S.Vicente

Sal

Boavista

S.Antão

Fogo

S.Nicolau

Maio

Brava

LV-N Public lighting MVLV-E Desal& bom. Internal Consumpt.

LV-N31%

Public lighting

3%MV22%

LV-E7%

Desal& bom.9%

Internal Consumpt.

3%

Losses25%


Energy Prices

-

0,20

0,40

0,60

0,80

1,00

1,20

1,40

1,60

1,80

2,00

23

/no

v/0

7

23

/jan

/08

23

/mar

/08

23

/mai

/08

23

/ju

l/0

8

23

/se

t/0

8

23

/no

v/0

8

23

/jan

/09

23

/mar

/09

23

/mai

/09

23

/ju

l/0

9

23

/se

t/0

9

23

/no

v/0

9

23

/jan

/10

23

/mar

/10

23

/mai

/10

23

/ju

l/1

0

23

/se

t/1

0

23

/no

v/1

0

23

/jan

/11

23

/mar

/11

23

/mai

/11

23

/ju

l/1

1

23

/se

t/1

1

23

/no

v/1

1

23

/jan

/12

23

/mar

/12

23

/mai

/12

23

/ju

l/1

2

23

/se

t/1

2

23

/no

v/1

2

23

/jan

/13

23

/mar

/13

23

/mai

/13

23

/ju

l/1

3

23

/se

t/1

3

23

/no

v/1

3

23

/jan

/14

23

/mar

/14

23

/mai

/14

23

/ju

l/1

4

23

/se

t/1

4

23

/no

v/1

4

23

/jan

/15

23

/mar

/15

23

/mai

/15

23

/ju

l/1

5

23

/se

t/1

5

23

/no

v/1

5

23

/jan

/16

23

/mar

/16

23

/mai

/16

23

/ju

l/1

6

23

/se

t/1

6

23

/no

v/1

6

23

/jan

/17

23

/mar

/17

Regulated retail fuel prices

Gasoline (Euro/L) Kerosene (Euro/L) Gasoil R. (Euro/L) Gasoil El. (Euro/L) Gasoil Ma. (Euro/L) Fuel 180 Cst (Euro/Kg) Fuel 380 Cst (Euro/Kg) LPG (Euro/Kg)


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0,05

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/06

/20

06

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/12

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01

/06

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01

/09

/20

07

01

/12

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07

01

/03

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/12

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01

/03

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01

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09

01

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/20

09

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/12

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09

01

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/06

/20

10

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/20

10

01

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/20

10

01

/03

/20

11

01

/06

/20

11

01

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/20

11

01

/12

/20

11

01

/03

/20

12

01

/06

/20

12

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/20

12

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/03

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/20

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/20

13

01

/03

/20

14

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/06

/20

14

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/20

14

01

/12

/20

14

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/03

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15

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/20

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/20

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/20

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16

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16

01

/09

/20

16

01

/12

/20

16

01

/03

/20

17

01

/06

/20

17

Electricity Tariff (Euro/kWh)

LV 1º LV 2º IP LVE MV Dessal.

Energy PricesIEEJ：July 2017 © IEEJ2017

Outlook 2020IEEJ：July 2017 © IEEJ2017

Development of a Grid Code for the Power Sector of Cabo Verde (GIZ)Reinforcement of T&D grids in 6 Islands (JICA)

• SCADA/EMS/DMS (JICA)• Road Map for Smart Grid

Development (Luxdev)

• Unbundling of the electricity sector (MEE/WB)

• Modernization of the electricity tariff structure (BM),

• Procedures and tender doc. For renewable IPP bids (GIZ)

• Toolbox for renewable energy tariff design in ECOWAS (GIZ –EU)

20 MW PSP for Santiago Island (TAF -UE)

• Reinforcement of conventional power production capacities in some Island

• Electricity Master Plan Horizon 2040 (TAF – EU);• Blue print for Isolated Micro -grids (Luxdev)

• Appliances & Building Energy Efficiency Project (PNUD)

• Operationalizing the Framework for Distributed Generation of Renewable Energy in Cabo Verde (GIZ, BM);

• Promotion of Thermal Solar for Water heating (AECID)

• Smart Meters and Revenue Protection Program for Electra

Energy Related projects

Source: Irena 2016 report


Major difficulties and bottlenecks

In the short term, it will need to address the following key challenges:

• strengthen the institutional structure and seek additional human andfunding sources for the central energy policy formulation, planning andregulatory functions;

• Improve the National Energy Information System;

• Define the basket of incentives to increase private sector interest on RE. • Policy, incentive schemes and tariffs should be designed with the idea that IPPs and

DG systems will play an increasing role (having in mind that tariffs should remain affordable to households and businesses).

• Offer a fairer net-billing scheme to self-generators in order to promote system-wide efficiency;

• Work on reducing commercial and technical losses;


Subjects to study in the order of priority

• Forecasting the evolution of consumption and peak, on a short/medium‐term period.

• Assess how to act with major consumers, in terms of tariffs and shift of consumption patterns, in order to linearize the load diagrams;

• Cost and benefit analysis of lowering the technical minimums of thermal groups to increase the spinning reserve.

• Integration of storage technologies in the planning process.

• Security of Supply (e.g. System reliability criteria: Largest generation unit loss / Operational Planning with reserve margin, probabilistic analysis -LOLE, N-2/N-1,

• Fuel supply security – degree of dependency and diversity of primary energy supply)


Thank you!

Rito Évora

[email protected]

[email protected]


Contact :[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Documents

JICA Knowledge Co-Creation Program (Group & Region Focus ...eneken.ieej.or.jp/data/7460.pdf · Cabo Verde Country Profile Cabo Verde was discovered in 1460 and was under Portuguese