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地球環境への情報通信技術の貢献Contribution of ICT for Environment on the Earth
Hiroshi ESAKI <[email protected]> Director, Otemachi Research Center
(Professor, The University of Tokyo)
古賀先生との最初で最後の海外出張
• 2002年8月11日(日)-13日(火)– 江崎は、そのまま、San Franciscoに 成田トラン
ジット。。。。
– 機内では、古賀先生と 隣の席 でした。
– はい、飛行機の中で 飛行機の話しました。
• 2002年8月12日(月) – TEEMA主催の IPv6ワークショップ
– 台湾の 偉い方と Dinner Meeting
How we use the IP technology;
“ IP is not only for IT Section, but is also for all digital devices”
Efficiency, possibility, opportunity and global
Analogue network
電話産業電話産業
経済産業経済産業
教育教育 運輸運輸 農林水産農林水産
放送産業放送産業
電話インフラ電話
インフラ
放送インフラ放送
インフラ
Introduction of Internet
電話産業電話産業
経済産業経済産業
教育教育 運輸運輸 農林水産農林水産
放送産業放送産業
電話インフラ
インターネット
放送インフラ放送
インフラ
Introduction of Native Internet
電話産業電話産業
経済産業経済産業
教育教育 運輸運輸 農林水産農林水産
放送産業放送産業
電話インフラ
インターネット
放送インフラ放送
インフラインターネット用
インフラストラクチャ
(光ファイバなど)
Native Internet as DeFacto
電話産業電話産業
経済産業経済産業
教育教育 運輸運輸 農林水産農林水産
放送産業放送産業
電話インフラ
インターネット
インターネット用インフラストラクチャ(光ファイバ・電波・ケーブル)
インターネット用インフラストラクチャ(光ファイバ・電波・ケーブル)
電話
イン
フラ
放送
イン
フラ
Internet in 2005
電話産業電話産業
経済産業経済産業
教育教育 運輸運輸 農林水産農林水産
放送産業放送産業
インターネットインターネット
(融合された)インターネット用インフラストラクチャ(融合された)インターネット用インフラストラクチャ
Internet entering into 4th wave1st wave : Closed Global Open Network
not only for closed system- TCP/IP as a common language
2nd wave : IP for Everyone/Billions not only for researchers
- Scalability, Reliability & Robustness
3rd wave : IP for E-Business not only for hobby/research
4th wave : Broadband/Ubiquitous/Mobilenot only for computers
- Small Nodes (e.g., Sensor Networks)- Heterogeneous (Quality and Quantity)
Information processing
Information processing
Sell and buy Information(i.e., contents)
Sell and buy Information(i.e., contents)
InformationprocessingInformationprocessing
How use the (digital) information ? • Generate • Collection • Distribution• Analyze • Process• Share
Value/Worth 1. Direct income (i.e., GET money)
sell some information (e.g., contents)
2. In-direct income (i.e., SAVE money)Cost-reduction Improve efficiency
Toward a. SAVE money !!b. increase outputs !!
Sensor NetworkSensor Network
1:50
Client Server
1:1
Client Server
Sensor / Actuator Edge System
TraditionalTransactions
Web Server
100:1
ServerSensors
GPSGPS
RFIDRFID
TelematicsTelematics
Smart TagSmart Tag
POWER Everywhere
TraceabilityTraceabilityRealizationRealization
VirtualizationVirtualization
安全・安心安全・安心
ImageImage
EventEvent
SuperScaleOut
ScaleOut
ScaleUp
.001
.01
.1
1
10
100
1,000
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015Year
Storage online
In databases
All medical imagingMedical data stored
Personal multimedia
Surveillance bytes
Text data
Static Web data
Authored data
Machine-generated Data
.001
.01
.1
1
10
100
1,000
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015年
オンラインの磁気媒体
データベース
全医療関係イメージ
保存されている医療データ
個人使用のマルチメディア
監視データ
テキストデータ
静的ウェブデータ
人間が作成するデータ
機械生成データ
ギガバイト
/米国民
/年
Traffic pattern1996 : downloadingnow : symmetric 2006 : uploading
Traffic pattern1996 : downloadingnow : symmetric 2006 : uploading
1. A lot of sensor and actuator2. SNS and P2P applications
IPv6 Deployment Example: TOWN
Crime prevention systemIntelligent Navigation
One-stop admin. serviceElectronic election
Cyber libraryCyber museum
Cyber public space service
Health CareMedical Check
Recycling System
Video contentsdistribution
ElectronicCommerce
IntelligentLocation InformationService
Intelligent local government(risk management, monitoring,
data management)
LocalGovernment
Conveniencestore
home
Office
Factory
waste processing plant power
plant
Carefacilities
Hospital
PoliceStation
school
Intelligent community(BBS)
Environment Purification / Recycling
Local Energy Management(supply, storage, monitoring, saving)
Local Security Management(Prevention of crime and fire)
Local Safety Management(Location, Health Care)
Area Management System
Matsushita Electric WorksMatsushita Electric Works
Application of TCP/IP Sensor Networking
Technology to Facility Networking
Integration of IP Technology with Real-Space
TrainCar
Resident
(Mobile IPv6 RT)
PHS/WCDMA
Network
Shopping Mall, Station, Airport
Wireless LAN AP
(Mobile IPv6 RT)
IEEE 802.11b
(Mobile IPv6 RT)
IPv6 Network
IEEE 802.11b
IEEE 802.11b
FA ; Factory AutomationBA ; Building AutomationHA ; Home Automation
Wireless LAN
Network
Aircraft / AirportPromotionVideo(2004)
Example of Facility Networking with LONWORKS
「サンピエトロ大聖堂」
Dam control across the river by water departmentNew York Subway system
Green house project for agricultureElectricity metering
Home automationwith LONWORKS
未来の家プロジェクト
(北京)
無線接続を使った集合住宅のファシリティ管理(北京)
クラウドナイン
<ネットワーク家電>
インターネットインターネット
Building Automation with LONWORKS
「六本木HILLS」「サンピエトロ大聖堂」
「ルーブル美術館」
「ニューヨーク市学校」「大阪 ハービスENT」「MOMA」
How US DoD use IPv6 ? Global “Geospatial” Grid
X.500
GPSSatcom
MobileForce
High-OrderNet Bits
Coordinates
IPv6 Address GridMobile & Ad-Hoc Communications
MOBILE & AD-HOCCOMMUNICATIONS
IPv6 GlobalAddress Grid
Operations & SupportMicro-Electronic Addressing
I-LevelShop-LevelDepot-Level
• Near Real-timeMaintenance Data
• Eye-Level Awareness• Improved Combat Turns
• Supply Requirements• Biometrics• Deployment & Movement
• Fleet Awareness• System Automation• Supply Chain
• Just In Time Delivery
• Huge operational cost – Large energy (e.g., gas, electricity) cost– About 30% energy saving has achieved !
• Proprietary technologies – Large complex has more than 200K
monitoring and controlling points– Each systems use different technology
Let it be open TCP/IP technology (i.e., IPv6)• COP3 by United Nation
– 10%-30% energy saving
How to use the sensor networke.g., saving energy in building system
1. Improve portfolio2. Increase asset value
2469MJ/㎡year
1744MJ/㎡year
29.4% Reduction
Heat A/C Light Oth
Kyoto Protocol by United Nation
http://eco.goo.ne.jp/word/issue/S00061.html
③現行対策に加えてさらに約12%(1億4,800万トン)の追加排出削減が
必要
①国民運動を効果的に推進するための「チーム・マイナス6%」 キャンペーン
②政府発表の排出量見通しによると、2010年排出量は約13億1,100万トンで90年比較で6%の増加
④排出権取引市場の急速な成長
⑤省エネニーズへのますますの高まり
Team minus 6 %Team minus 6 %
Life-time cost in Building System
Life time portfolio (in office building)
Source : http://www.satobenec.co.jp/products/lcc/energy/concept/concept.html
Yearly portfolio (in office building)
Utility cost(ex., Electricity)
21%
Initial Cost
Maintenance
Repair& Renew
General and AdministrationExpenses
Construction cost
Design cost
Electricity22.4%
MaintenanceOut-sourcing
Cleaning
Repair
Depreciation and amortization
Tax for Fixed Asset
Oil,GasWater
Some interesting chat with Tokyo Denryoku• Tokyo accelerate
– Concentrating Economy and Industries – Heating Island
• Japan accepted COP3 by United Nations – Decrease CO2 discharging, around 30% – Improve energy efficiency, around 30%
• Serious accident at nuclear power plant(s) – Could not use nuclear plant………
Need energy saving system !!!! (*) not only for COP3, but also would contribute to
the improvement of their financial portfolio
Sensor Networking
空調サブコン
1F1F
3F
設計事務所 大阪大学
電話回線⇒インターネット
電話回線⇒インターネット
第二別館
中央監視盤
サーバ
EMIT
LON
イーサネット
EMIT
東京地区松下電工
大阪地区松下電工
6F7F
(東側)
EMIT
ゲートウェイ
EBI
気象センサ・風向風速計・温湿度計
気象センサ・風向風速計・温湿度計
環境センサ・照度計・温湿度計・CO2計
環境センサ・照度計・温湿度計・CO2計
空調機器・温度,流量・運転状況
空調機器・温度,流量・運転状況
中監盤データ・熱源 等
中監盤データ・熱源 等
屋上
電力量・照明器具・空調機・コンセント
電力量・照明器具・空調機・コンセント 約1200ポイント
5分毎にDBへ蓄積
約1200ポイント5分毎にDBへ蓄積
Operation at Tokyo HQ Office of Matsushita Electric Works
FreeFitLighting control unit
IcontIntegrated control module
BX(Building eXchange)Virtual IPv6 Gateway
FS (Field Server)Internet Sensor Node
NotesImprovement
2004 versus 2003312t(6.1%)CO2
Versus 2003/9-2004/8
Osaka HQ office ; 29.4%18%Electricity
Building Automation Components enabling IPv6 (now and future plan)
Shiodome HQ in Tokyo
(*) In 1990, based on the Kyoto Protocol (COP3) by UN (United Nation), Japan targets and mandates 6% improvement to prevent and improve the greenhouse effect, e.g., reduction of CO2.
Even with a lot of glass windows !!!
Facility management at Tokyo Metropolitan Office
IPv6 based P2P control of facilities- Status of elevators, AC or ventilators, movement of guests in the museum, temperature of rooms, surveillance camera images may be monitored in a facility management center.
- Shared use of networks among IP phone, Internet access and facility management.- Cost reduction- Where experts’ analysis of data on the number of guests in respective rooms and temperatures are available, it is possible to minimize energy consumption.
IPv6 based P2P control of facilitiesIPv6 based P2P control of facilities- Status of elevators, AC or ventilators, movement of guests in the museum, temperature of rooms, surveillance camera images may be monitored in a facility management center.
- Shared use of networks among IP phone, Internet access and facility management.- Cost reduction- Where experts’ analysis of data on the number of guests in respective rooms and temperatures are available, it is possible to minimize energy consumption.
Theater
Museum
Surveillance camera
Vendor C
Vendor B
vendor A
museum
Total energyfluctuations
Weather data
Centralized control/Remote maintenance
theater
Number of guests
Meteorological data Analysis of data by experts
Energy Energy consumption consumption analysisanalysis
Building facility management system
TV phone
Minimize energy usage Minimize energy usage based on analysis of based on analysis of facility datafacility data
Rationalizing dayRationalizing day--toto--day day management of facilities management of facilities using remote maintenanceusing remote maintenance
Facility management center
Thermometers
Status of elevators
Obtain Obtain facility facility datadata
Entry sensor
IPv6 Internet
Secure access control
Centralized facility management system
m2m-xaccess control server
7,000 Family Mart Stores enable IPv6
Released in August 2006
7,000 stores in nation-wide Japan
• Installation starting from February 2007• 80 stores installation per day • Multicasting service• ISDN Broadband Internet with B-Flets
Building MngmntSystem
Building MngmntSystem
Remote MngmntCenter
Remote MngmntCenter
Voltagechange
Voltagechange
Heatcntrl
Heatcntrl
HygeineHygeineElevatorElevator Air
cntrlAir
cntrl LightsLights TETE In/OuthumanIn/Outhuman
SurveillanceSurveillance FireAlarmFire
AlarmHatchGate
HatchGate
LegacyBAS
LegacyBAS OthersOthers Remote
BASRemote
BAS
Shared facility
Shared facility
Each AreasEach Areas SecuritySecurity Disaster
controlDisastercontrol
LegacyAssets LegacyAssets OthersOthers WANWAN
Mng.
Mng.
Monitor
Monitor
Field Control
Field Control
Integrated C
ontrolIntegrated C
ontrol
Data-Ware Center
Data-Ware Center
ManagementCenter
ManagementCenter
Building Automation Business; - Efficient facility and asset operation
YAMATAKE Corporation, www.yamatake.comRemote Management CenterBA ASP Service
MaintenanceSupporting
Other BAS
(With IPv6)
RF-ID GatesFingerPrint GateKey management box
Heating Control
DDCSensor andActuator
IP BAS
ControllerBy users
BOSS-24
Savic-netFX
Savic-net EV
PARAMATRIX
ACTIVAL
Fume-Hood Dumper
BAS Network
TM
TM
TM
TM
SmartScreenTM
TM
BESTMANTM
In f ilex
TMID SMART
TM
BA Server
Building-ScopeData-mngmnt Support
TM
Internet
FNIC; Facility Networking Interoperability Consortium
• Facility Networking includes; – DNS & Directory Service (including ad-hoc
operation)– Management Objective, e.g., XML, SORP– Communication Protocol, e.g., DLNA, LonWorks,
BACnet, Upnp, oBIX– Transport Protocol, e.g., IP – Data Link Protocol, e.g., WiMAX, ZigBee– PKI/IKE Protocol for security
Just open the FNIC Lab. [Founders]Keio Univ.Univ.of TokyoWIDE ProjectYokogawaEchelonPanasonic(MEW)Shimizu NTT Data NTT East NTT FacilitiesYamatakeToshiba Daidan NTT Comm.IRI UbiteqFurukawa Intec NetcoreJohnson ControlSemens Bld Tech.Broadband Eng.
“Live E!” Project
http://www.live-e.org/
Live E! Project
• Live E! is a project establish a network infrastructure that can generate, collect, transmit, process, and share digitized “Environmental Information”.
• “Environmental Information” is generated and available from anywhere on the global Internet by "Digital Weather Station“, or by any other sensor devices, such as IP camera, that are installed by individuals and by organizations.
Internet
(VPN)
RS485
PSG3
LONWORKSTCP/IP
i.LON100
Digital Weather Station (DWS)
SOAP/XML
Ext: IP CameraExt: Another Sensor
School
Data Server
Public Service Office
Ex: Nature study Ex: Facility Management Ex: Area Marketing, Weather forecasting
DWS
DWS
DWS
Network (IPv4/v6)
• “Digital Weather Station” generates the weather information with low cost and provides the information to any node on the global Internet
• By the installation of larger number of “Digital Weather Station”, the environmental information can be richer and finer, i.e., connectivity (installation) is own rewards.
• It has been recognized that the applications of Live E! project contents can be for education, public service and for business cases.
http://www.live-e.org/
Sensor Node Networking
Geographical Location
IP address
Temparature
(wind) anemoscope
Rainfall Show geographical map
Initiated “Live E!” project.- install weather sensor units- let information available for anyone - targeting mile-mesh network - three applications
1. Educational material 2. Public service 3. Business use
Initiated “Live E!” project.- install weather sensor units- let information available for anyone - targeting mile-mesh network - three applications
1. Educational material 2. Public service 3. Business use
TWNIC will install soon
AIT and Kasetart Univ, has installed
New Zealand will install
Installation example of sensor node
Weather Sensor Unit
小型気象観測ユニット
アルミポール30φx1
m取り付けバンド
ケーブル(MAX10m)
Legacy weather monitoring box
Source: Mr.Yamamoto of Tokyo Metropolitan (Minato-ku)
Dense Installation Areas• Minato-ku in Metropolitan Tokyo
– Education for elementary schools– Public service, e.g., against heat-
island phenomenon or evacuation guide for earthquake
• Kurashiki City in Okayama– Disaster protection (against flooding
by heavy rain)– Education for elementary and junior
high schools• Marunouchi-District in Tokyo
Installation of Live E! Sensor nodes in Kurashiki City Rain Fall in Kurashiki City, Okayama
倉 敷 市 役 所本 庁
玉 島 支 所
水 島 支 所
児 島 支 所
船 穂 支 所
真 備 支 所
庄 支 所
茶 屋 町 支 所
か わ せ み ネット拠 点
IPカメラ
無 線 LANアンテ ナ
IPスピ ー カー
支 所
Installation of IP camera and IP speaker Installation of Live E! Sensor node at KUSA
LIVE E! ; example of user application LIVE E! ; example of user application
- Has joined from ASTI of Philippine,PSU of Thailand and other locations(e.g., Taiwan and Malaysia) in Asian countries, collaborating with APAN and AI3.
- Integrating with other information systems, e.g., hurricane warning system
Integration of Real-space and Cyber-space- Application by high school students -
• Integration of– Diorama– Remote controlled car– Weather station
• Project institutions– Hiroshima City
Technical High School– Fukuyama High &
Junior High School
(*) Supported by NICT’s IPv6 development and deployment program
Integration of DioramaRemote controlled carWeather station
– Hiroshima City University– Hiroshima University
• Diorama system– Hiroshima City Technical High School
Integration of Automobiles
IPv6への限りない期待
Network covering our “Globe”
We may realize that; • All the computing resources
on the “globe” will be available with large bandwidth
• Role of us, against globe • What we can do for our
Earth ?