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Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.
Japan's movement for Hydrogen society and
global hydrogen supply chain
191210 Hyper open seminar
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 2
1. Overview of Hydrogen Supply Chain
2. Project status
3. Hydrogen Utilization
Contents
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 3
Our Products
Ships/Marine Rolling stock Aerospace
Energy/Plants/
EnvironmentMotorcycles and Engines Precision Machinery
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 4
©JAXA
Compressed H2 trailer
trucks
LH2 container trucks
LH2 tanksRocket Base for JAXA
(LH2 tanks, supply system)Fertilizer Plant
Hydrogen related Products
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 5
Different situations in Europe and Japan
In Japan or some regions,
• Enhancement of energy security is very important
• Difficult to increase capacity of renewable energy due to it’s high population and limited land space
1. Overview of Hydrogen Supply Chain
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 6
Different situations in Europe and Japan
Europe Japan/Korea/Taiwan
Low Population density
=Low energy consumption density
Distributed renewable power
+ Hydrogen as an energy buffer
No strict regulation on pipeline
= injection to pipeline available
High population density
= High energy consumption density
Centralized power generation by gas
turbine (fueled by fossil or Hydrogen)
= need energy import
Strict regulation on gas pipeline
= hard to inject H2 into pipeline
Power
Plant
H2
H2House heating
1. Overview of Hydrogen Supply Chain
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 7
Energy Distribution1. Overview of Hydrogen Supply Chain
LNG/Oil
Pipeline
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 8
Energy abundant area
Energy shortage area
How will be the energy distribution 2050?
CCUS
CCUS
CCUS
Energy Distribution1. Overview of Hydrogen Supply Chain
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 9
CCUS
CCUS
CCUS
Expected CO2-free H2 Supply chain1. Overview of Hydrogen Supply Chain
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 10
Concept of CO2-free Hydrogen Chains
Stable energy supply while suppressing CO2 emissions
Resourcing country Utilizing country
Hydrogen
transport/storageHydrogen useHydrogen production
Combined
Cycle power
generators etc.
Process usesSemiconductor and PV cell
manufacturing, oil refinery,
desulfurization, etc.
Transportation
Hydrogen stations
Fuel cell vehicles etc.
C JAXA
gas turbinesgas enginesFuel cells etc.
Distributed power plants
Electrical power plants
Liquefied hydrogen
containers
Liquefied hydrogen
storage tanks
Production of hydrogen at low costs from unused resources and/or abundant renewable energy
CCS(CO2 capture/storage)
CO2-free hydrogen
Affordable renewable
energy
Liquefied hydrogen
cargo ships
Liquefaction/
loading
Fossil fuel
1. Overview of Hydrogen Supply Chain
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 11
Journey for commercialization
Hydrogen
transport/storage
2020
Pilot DemoMid 2020s
Commercial Demo
2030
Full Commercial
Technical & social
demonstration
Commercial scale
Technology confirmation
Commercial Supply chain
1,250m3 Ship x1 160,000m3 Ship x2
1. Overview of Hydrogen Supply Chain
© HySTRA
KHR_Presentation_IPHE2018_09MAY_check01(使用版).mp4
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 12
Pilot Demonstration 2020
© HySTRA
LH2 Storage Tank : 2,500m3
Loading System
© HySTRA
Hydrogen Production Plant
Liquefaction facility
LH2 Loading facility
LH2 carrier ship : 1,250m3 capacity
1. Overview of Hydrogen Supply Chain
© HySTRA
© J-POWER
KHR_Presentation_IPHE2018_09MAY_check01(使用版).mp4
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 13
1. Overview of Hydrogen Supply Chain
2. Project status
3. Hydrogen Utilization
Contents
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 14
© HySTRA
Tank cover
Manifold
Vent
Tank dome
LH2 tank
(1,250m3)
LH2 pipe
(Evacuated)
Length 116m Speed 13knot
Width 19m Distance 21,000km
People 25 Propulsion Diesel electric 1knot = 1.852km/h
4. Project status
Current situation - LH2 cargo Ship -
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 15
(as of Sept.2019)
4. Project status
Current situation - LH2 cargo Ship -
© HySTRA© HySTRA
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 16
Loading system LH2 tank
(2,500m3)
Admin. building
Vent
BOG holder
Working platform
Heat exchanger
ポートアイランド
Location★Kobe airport
4. Project status
Current situation – Receiving terminal -
© HySTRA
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 17
(As of July 2019)
LH2 tank BOG holderWorking platform
Heat exchangers
4. Project status
Current situation – Receiving terminal -
© HySTRA
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 18
1. Overview of Hydrogen Supply Chain
2. Project status
3. Hydrogen Utilization
Contents
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 19
Application to hydrogen by exchanging combustor only,
no modification of compressor and turbine
CompressorCombustor
Turbine
Hydrogen Gas Turbine Production Transport/Storage Utilization3. Hydrogen Technologies
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 20
Solutions to Increase CO2-free Powers
Gas turbine(GT) power generation will
play an important role to enhance
stability of the electricity grid, by
compensating intermittent power from
the renewable energies.
Fuel change from natural gas(NG) to
hydrogen can also regulate fluctuation of
renewable energies without CO2
emission.
This will be a good combination with
hydrogen production from excessive
renewable power.
1. Movement towards Energy Transition
Now
Po
wer
gen
era
tio
n [
%]
Hydro, Nuclear
(Clean Base load)
2050Output
restriction
0
Solar & Wind
(Clean but Intermittent)
Demand response
GT with NG⇒ H2
Fossil Energy
(Base load/Demand response)
100
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 21
The nozzle after testHydrogen
fueled
Red hot of nozzle
Structural burnout, flash back
Higher combustion temperature than that of natural gas
(hot spot in the combustion chamber)
Higher NOx emission
Flash back with pre-mixed combustion
Hydrogen Combustion Issues
Higher flame propagation velocity than that of natural
gas
Shorter flame quenching distance
4. Hydrogen Technologies
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 22
Natural 100%
gas
Hydrogen 0%
0%
100%
60%
40%
20%
80%
Pure
hydrogen
Flame behavior (Visualization test)
Water/Fuel mass flow ratio [%]
0
150
300
450
600
750
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
1.0
0.5
1.5
2.0
2.5
Hydrogen +
Water splay
Natural gas +
Water splay
Limit
NO
x o
ver
reg
ula
tory
lim
it
- Succeed in 100% hydrogen power generation in urban site
- NOx suppressed less than the limit with water injection
Supported by NEDO
Fuel Flexible Low NOx Combustion
Pure natural
gas
3. Hydrogen Technologies
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 23
Hydrogen Power Station in KobePower and heat management system using
hydrogen and natural gas as a fuel.
Power Generation: 1 MW class
Partners: Obayashi (Leader), Kawasaki,
Kobe City, KEPCO, Iwatani, Kenes,
Osaka University(~FY2018)
Period: FY2016~FY2019
Supported by NEDO
Hydrogen Power Station
3. Hydrogen Technologies
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 24
Heat and Power Delivery in the Demonstration
Bidirectional
Steam Supply
Energy Delivery
Hydrogen GT
Exhibition Center
: Heat
: Power
H
PHospital
■Heat and power supply at the urban area using a hydrogen fueled gas turbine has been
achieved in April 2018 (World first!).
電
(in Nov. 2018)
■Energy delivery capabilityElectric Power : Approx. 1,100 kW
Heat : Approx. 2,800 kW
Sewage Treatment
Sport Center
Kobe New Transit
P
PP
P
https://saitoshika-west.com/blog-
entry-4798.html
3. Hydrogen Technologies
H
H
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 25
Hydrogen Infrastructure Technologies
Brown coal hydrogen productionDrying, pulverizing, and other lignite processing technology
Liquefied hydrogen containerUltra-low temperature technology
Hydrogen gas turbinesStable, clean combustion technology
Liquefied hydrogen tanksUltra-low temperature technology
Compressed hydrogen trailerComposite material-related technology
Hydrogen liquefier
Plant/turbine technology
Production
Transport
•
Storage
Utilization
Loading systemUltra-low temperature sealing system technology
Liquefied hydrogen cargo ships
LNG ship technology
3. Hydrogen Technologies
©Tokyo Boeki Engineering
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 26
LH2
Humidity
15% Windspeed
1.6m/s
Atm. 995.5hPa
Direction
NE
LN2
Humidity
24% Windspeed
1.3m/s
Atm. 995.2hPa
Direction
ENE
LNG
Humidity
24% Windspeed
3.1m/s
Atm. 995.3hPa
Direction
WNW
Evaporation of Liquefied Gas
© 2019 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. All Rights Reserved 27
One KawasakiLand. Sea. Air. worldwide