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Closing the Loop, KIVI-jaarcongres 2017
“Closing the Loop”
Jan Tytgat
Umicore
KIVI-jaarcongres 2017, Wageningen 21 Nov. 2017
Closing the Loop, KIVI-jaarcongres 2017
Agenda
1
Umicore closed loop
approach
2
Creating a circular
economy – B2B vs B2C
3
Annex
2
Closing the Loop, KIVI-jaarcongres 2017
Who we are today
A global materials technology and recycling group
10,400 employees, 64 manufacturing sites on 5 continents, 2.6 bn € revenues*
One of three global
leaders in emission control
catalysts for light-duty and
heavy-duty vehicles and
for all fuel types
A leading supplier of key
materials for rechargeable
batteries used in portable
electronics and hybrid &
electric cars
The world’s leading
recycler of complex waste
streams containing
precious and other
valuable metals
3*2015, excluding metals
Closing the Loop, KIVI-jaarcongres 2017
Providing innovative solutions
across industries
Reliable
metals access
is crucial for
our high-tech
products
4
Closing the Loop, KIVI-jaarcongres 2017
29 Metals and Materials in our portfolio
source: European Commission,
Critical Raw Materials for the EU, updated report July 2014 5
Closing the Loop, KIVI-jaarcongres 2017
MetalsMaterial
solutions
Application
know-how
Recycling
Chemistry
Material science
Metallurgy
“Closing the Loop” approach since 2001
6
Closing the Loop, KIVI-jaarcongres 2017
Umicore position in recycling
SHORT/closed
LOOPRecycling services for
customer production
scrap and residues
LONG/open
LOOP
Unique technologies
for treating complex
residues and by-
products
Tailored solutions for industrial customers
Recycling directly integrated in a B2B
business model
High reliability, minimal losses
Typical for EoL consumer products &
complex residue streams
Depends on market supplies
How to secure collection at EoL & high
quality recycling? – at low metal prices?
Market driven
Impacted by
legislation
7
Closing the Loop, KIVI-jaarcongres 2017
Umicore
e-catalyst
Jewellery
Umicore in product lifecyclesClosing the loop for precious metals bearing functional materials
L-O L-O S-C
S-C L-O
L-O ?
= short, closed loop (B2B)
= long, open loop (mainly B2C)L-O
S-C
8
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 2016
Agenda
1
Umicore closed loop
approach
2
Creating a circular
economy – B2B vs B2C
3
Annex
9
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 2016
The urban mine - metal needs for selected products
today
Electro- & electronic devices: responsible for > 40% of world
mine production of Cu, Sn, Sb, In, Ru
4% Au & Ag, 20% Co & Pd in cell phones, PCs, laptops,
tablets
Cars: 60% of PGM-mine production (autocat); 160% of Pb-
mine production for car batteries
tomorrow
Renewable energies: wind REE-magnets, Cu
Photovoltaic Si, Ag, Cu, Se, Ga, In, Te, Cd, Ge
Fuel cells/H2 Electrolysis Pt, Ru, Ir
Electromobility: batteries Co, Ni, Li, …, FC, REE-magnets, Cu, electronics
LED-lightning Ga, In, REE, …, glass fibre cables Si, Ge, grid Cu, …
physical & chemical properties essential for high-tech functionality
EU highly dependant on metal imports
Clean energy needs a clean supply chain; consider total energy balance
10
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 201611
Massive shift from geological
resources to anthropogenic “deposits”
% mined in 1980-2010
% mined in 1900-1980
Mine production since 1980 / since 1900
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Re Ga In Ru Pd Rh Ir REE Si Pt Ta Li Se Ni Co Ge Cu Bi Ag Au
% mined in 1980-2010
% mined in 1900-1980
• Electric & electronic equipment (EEE) Over 40% of world mine production of copper, tin, antimony, indium, ruthenium & rare earths are annually used in EEE
• Mobile phones & computeraccount for 4% world mine production of gold and silver and for 20% of palladium & cobalt.
• Cars> 60% of PGM mine production goes into auto catalysts, increasing significance for electronics (“computer on wheels“) and light metals
• In the last 30 years we extracted > 80% of the REE, PGM, Ga, In, … that have ever been mined
• Clean energy technologies & other high tech applications will further accelerate demand for technology metals
Closing the Loop, KIVI-jaarcongres 2017
Circular Economy package of EU Commission
Source: EU-COM (2014)
398, Towards a circular
economy, 2.7.2014
“… where the value of products, materials and resources is maintained
in the economy for as long as possible, and the generation of waste
minimized… to develop a low carbon, resource efficient and competitive
economy”
Metals are the ideal candidate: “eternally” recyclable, no
downcycling, no material quality issues…
EC Communication 2015 “Closing the loop – An EU action plan for the Circular Economy
12
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 2016
But certain conditions need to be met…Circular Economy from a metals perspective
1. A circle is only closed if materials physically find their way into new product lifecycles
ensure high quality recycling along the entire chain
2. Economic requirements to be solved – special challenge to close materials cycles for complex consumer products
ensure that revenues match costs for high quality recycling who pays for it?
• 3. Recycling cannot entirely fulfil metal needs but it can provide an important contribution
• Mining & recycling are complementary for supply
• Smart materials, product design & resource efficient use are key to optimise material demand
Circular economy = recovering materials comprehensively at product EoL, when ever and where ever this will take place
4. Metal cycles are complex and interdependent
system approach and consideration of whole value chain is crucial
13
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 2016
material
solutionsPt / Rh / Ir / Au
Engineered
solutions
Used components
Secondary RM
Alloys
PGM Components
Special glass industry
PGM gauzes
Chemical industry
End-user markets
Glass industry
Pt, Rh,
Ir, Au
© 2015 Umicore
- Flat Screens\
- Technical glass
- Lens system
- Fertilizers
- Chemical Intermediates14
B2B facilitates to close the loop- example Umicore PGM products for chemical & glass industry
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 2016
B2C challenges – need for innovative business models – example recycling chain for consumer electronics
UseWEEE
CollectionMetal
RecyclingDismantling
Ag
Au
Cu
Pd
…
Electronics
Collection Pre-processing End-processing
Shredding
Sorting
15
Product
Manufacturing
Product
Distribution
Direct impact No / indirect impact
How can a manufacturer access recycling materials?
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 2016
How to close the loop from a manufacturer’s
perspective?
16
Basic prerequisite: consider recyclability in product design
Comprehensively recycle production scrap & warranty returns by partnering
with a strong quality recycler
Consider using a toll refining service to get back the metals (metal accounts)
Create business models which provide direct access to your EoL products
leasing, deposit systems, …
A large quantity of EoL products in your hands / at your recycling service partner enables
comprehensive recycling (instead of EoL products spread over millions of private users)
EPR: strive for comprehensive collection, use of quality processes along the
chain (bear cost implications) and transparency of material flows to keep
metals within the system
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 2016
www.umicore.com
Thanks for your attention
Contact: [email protected]
17
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 2016
Agenda
1
Umicore closed loop
approach
2
Creating a circular
economy – B2B vs B2C
3
Annex
18
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 2016
End-processing
Modern smelting-refining of e-scrap is clean tech
Mixed feedFinal metal
recovery
Economies of
scale
Organics
provide energyGlobal market
Complex
metallurgy
Environmentally-sound
treatment
19
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 2016
Umicore’s integrated metals smelter & refinery
- Sophisticated facility for multi-metals recycling
Efficient recovery of 17 metals: Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ir, Cu, Pb, Ni, Sn, Bi, Se, Te, In, Sb, As
350 000 t/y raw materials – a wide range of complex precious metal bearing by-products from the smelting & mining industries, e-scrap and other recyclables
Specialized process for recycling of rechargeable batteries recovering Co, Ni, Cu & REE
Unique, innovative technology and applying world class environmental standards for high metal yields, high energy efficiency and low emissions
Umicore Precious Metals Refining plant in
Hoboken, Belgium
20
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 2016
Ge and its recycling
By-products
from Zn-mining
& coal fly ashes
material
solutionsGe
Optical fibres
Solar Cells and LEDs
Infrared & optics
NASA Mars
Exploration Rovers
Spirit and Opportunity
21
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 2016
Co applications and their recycling
material
solutionsCo, Ni
Cathode mat
Powders
Oxides
Salts
+ Re
22
“The Circular Economy proposals are an
important start to begin capturing the
value of European metals. We now call
on MEPs and Member States to
introduce stronger commitments in crucial
areas, with harmonized implementation
across Europe”
Eurometaux
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 2016
EU Circular Economy Package
What’s in and what more is needed for NFM? (1)
Improved cooperation with Member States for better implementation and harmonization of EU waste legislation
Harmonized transposition & implementation across Member States is key to achieve a coherent circular economy
Stepping up enforcement of revised Waste Shipment Regulation (countering illegal flows)
Legislation is there but proper enforcement is needed and soon
Promotion of industry-led voluntary certification of treatment facilities for key waste/recyclate streams
Mandatory standards and certification scheme for proper treatment of WEEE in global equivalent conditions
Minimum EPR requirements
Further clarifications/guidelines needed (e.g. “real end-of-life costs of individual products or groups”?)
24
Closing the Loop, VIB seminar 15 Nov. 2016
EU Circular Economy Package
What’s in and what more is needed for NFM? (2)
Measures to facilitate waste shipment across the EU, including electronic data exchange (and possibly other measures)
“Fast-track” transboundary shipment of waste/resources to pre-consented (certified) facilities
Improve exchange of information between manufacturers and recyclers on electronic products, consider eco-design criteria
Collaboration & coordination along the value chain – securing economic viability and economies of scale
Improved definitions on recycling and point of measurement
Harmonized interpretation, implementation and monitoring/reporting of recycling targets is key to obtain targets which are meaningful and accountable, supportive to steer towards a true circular economy
25