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STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
Scientific evidence in Brussels
Dr Jan Marco MüllerAssistant to the Chief Scientific Adviser
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
"We also need a fundamental review of the way European institutions access and use scientific advice.
In the next Commission, I want to set up a Chief Scientific Adviser who has the power to deliver proactive, scientific advice throughout all stages of policy development and delivery.
This will reflect the central importance I attach to research and innovation.“
- José Manuel Barroso, 15 September 2009
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
Europe is a rather complex matter
“Who do I call if I want to call Europe?” (Henry Kissinger)
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
In the EU we have 23 Community languages (Welsh etc. not counted)…
…3 alphabets…
EuropaΕυρώπη Европа
…and a lot of national traditions, also in the way scientific evidence is provided to policy-makers
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
The European Commission represents the interests of Europe as a whole, independent of national governments. The EC has the right of
initiative to suggest new legislation.
The EC implements European policies and manages the EU budget.
The EC acts as "Guardian of the Treaties" and can sue Member States which do not comply with EU legislation.
The EC represents the EU internationally.
The European Commission
Berlaymont Building
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
The European Parliament
The European Parliament represents the citizens of Europe
The EP controls the EC (and has the power to dismiss it)
The EP approves together with the European Council new legislation (in most policy areas) and the EU budget
The EP is elected directly every 5 years and has 736 Members (6 of them scientists)
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
The European Council
Summit of the Heads of State (or their Ministers)
The Council represents the interests of the Member States The Council meets at least four times per year The Council decides on the overarching EU priorities The Council approves (mostly together with the European
Parliament) new legislation and the EU budget
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
and thescience?
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
Science in the EU policy cycle
e.g. Support provided by Tech-nical Committees
Policy implementation
e.g. Consultation with experts and
stakeholders, ex-ante impact assessments
Policy formulation
e.g. Scientists at Parliamentary
Hearings
Policy adoption
e.g. Ex-post impactassessments
Policy evaluation
e.g. Scientific support to crisis response (BSE,
EHEC, ash cloud…)
Ad-hoc policy support
e.g. Science & Technology Foresight
Policy anticipation
EVIDENCE
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
Institutional setup of science in the EC
José Manuel BarrosoPresident of the European Commission
Máire Geoghegan-QuinnCommissioner for Research, Innovation and Science
Professor Anne GloverChief Scientific Adviser to the President
Secretariat-General (SG)Impact Assessment Board
Bureau of European Policy Advisers (BEPA)
DG Research and Innovation (RTD)
Joint Research Centre (JRC)
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
• Established in 1957• 7 institutes in 5 countries• 2859 staff (2011)• 1467 publications (2011)• Budget: €369 million
annually, plus €66 million earned income
The Joint Research Centre (JRC) is the European Commission's in-house science service and the only DG executing direct research.
Its mission is to provide customer-driven scientific and technical support for the conception, development, implementation and monitoring of EU policies.
JRC
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
Professor Anne Glover CBE
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
Mandate of the Chief Scientific Adviser
• To provide independent expert advice, analysis and opinion to the President on any aspect of science, technology and innovation - in particular, the Chief Scientific Adviser will provide authoritative guidance on interpretation of scientific evidence in presence of uncertainty, and will be involved in strategic emergency planning;
• To build relationships with high-level advisory groups, the scientific Committees of the Commission, the EU agencies, the European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies as well as with similar science advisory structures in Member States and beyond;
• To advise on novel science, technology and innovation issues arising both in the context of the EU and internationally, that might entail either an opportunity or threat for the EU;
• To enhance public confidence in science and technology, and in general to promote European culture of science and technology widely within Europe and abroad.
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
Sources of EC scientific advice• Chief Scientific Adviser• Joint Research Centre (JRC)• DG Research and Innovation (RTD)
and its Advisory Groups such as ERIAB and EFFLA• Commission Scientific Committees (e.g. health) and
Expert Groups (e.g. Evaluation Boards, European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies)
• EU Agencies (e.g. EFSA, ECHA, ECDC, EEA, EMA)• European Research Performing Organisations (e.g. ESA,
EMBL) and European Science Associations (e.g. EASAC)• Research Organisations in Member States (and beyond)
such as Learned Societies, Research Performing Organisations, Higher Education Institutions
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
How does the European Commission procure scientific evidence?
• Using in-house resources (in particular JRC)• Using formal advisory bodies (EU Agencies, Scientific
and Technical Committees, Expert Groups)• Public consultation• (Sub-) Contracting of studies via open tenders• Proactive feed-in from stakeholders• Consultation of internet, literature, informal contacts
etc.
>> all of the above influences EC proposals, which then go through an exhaustive impact assessment and are agreed by all DGs, before being adopted by the college of Commissioners
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
And then?
The political bargaining starts between the European Council
and the European Parliament(none of them have a science service)
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
STEPS Centre Annual Symposium, University of Sussex, 6 Feb 2013
E-mail: [email protected]: EU_ScienceChief
Thank you for your attention!