8/9/2019 Jagdish Chandra Bose Biography - Jagadish Chandra Bose
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Here is a brief biography and history of Jagdish Chandra Bose.
Read information on life of Indian scientist Jagadish Chandra
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Jagdish Chandra Bose Biography
Born:November 30, 1858
Died:November 23, 1937
Achievements: He was the first to prove that plants
too have feelings. He invented wireless telegraphy a
year before Marconi patented his invention.
Jagdish Chandra Bose was an eminent Indian
scientist. He was the first to prove that plants and
metals too have feelings.
Jagdish Chandra Bose was born on November 30,
1858 in Mymensingh (now in Bangladesh). His father
Bhagabanchandra Bose was a Deputy Magistrate.
Jagadish Chandra Bose had his early education in
village school in Bengal medium. In 1869, Jagadish
Chandra Bose was sent to Calcutta to learn English
and was educated at St.Xavier's School and College.
He was a brilliant student. He passed the B.A. in
physical sciences in 1879.
In 1880, Jagdishchandra Bose went to England. He studied
medicine at London University, England, for a year but
gave it up because of his own ill health. Within a year he moved
to Cambridge to take up a scholarship to study
Natural Science at Christ's College Cambridge. In 1885, he
returned from abroad with a B.Sc. degree and Natural
Science Tripos (a special course of study at Cambridge).
After his return Jagad ish Chan dra Bose, w as o ffered l
ectureshi p a t Presid ency Coll ege, Calcu tta on a sa lary half
that
of his English colleagues. He accepted the job but refused to
draw his salary in protest. After three years the college
ultimately conceded his demand and Jagdish Chandra Bose was paid
full salary from the date he joined the college.
As a teacher Jagdi sh Chan dra Bose was very popu lar and enga
ged the i nterest of hi s stud ents by making extensive
use of scientific demonstrations. Many of his students at the
Presidency College were destined to become famous in
their own right. These included Satyendra Nath Bose and Meghnad
Saha.
In 1894, Jagadish Chandra Bose decided to devote himself to pure
research. He converted a small enclosure
adjoining a bathroom in the Presidency College into a
laboratory. He carried out experiments involving refraction,
diffraction and polarization. It would not be wrong to call him
as the inventor of wireless telegraphy. In 1895, a year
before Guglielmo Marconi patented this invention, he had
demonstrated its functioning in public.
Jagdish Chandra Bose later switched from physics to the study of
metals and then plants. He fabricated a highly
sensitive "coherer", the device that detects radio waves. He
found that the sensitivity of the coherer decreased when
it was used continuously for a long period and it regained its
sensitivity when he gave the device some rest. He thus
concluded that metals have feelings and memory.
Jagdish Chandra Bose showed experimentally plants too have life.
He invented an instrument to record the pulse of
plants and connected it to a plant. The plant, with its roots,
was carefully picked up and dipped up to its stem in a
vessel containing bromide, a poison. The plant's pulse beat,
which the instrument recorded as a steady to-and-fro
movement like the pendulum of a clock, began to grow unsteady.
Soon, the spot vibrated violently and then came to
a sudden stop. The plant had died because of poison.
Although Jagdi sh Chan dra Bose did inval uabl e work in Science
, hi s w ork was recogn ized in the country only when
the Western world recognized its importance. He founded the Bose
Institute at Calcutta, devoted mainly to the study
of plants. Today, the Institute carries research on other fields
too.
Jagdish Chandra Bose died on November 23, 1937.
Scientists
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