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Page 1: Jagadish Chandra Bose - Biography, Facts and Pictures

Jagadish Chandra Bose

Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose is one of the most prominent first Indian scientistswho proved by experimentation that both animals and plants share much incommon. He demonstrated that plants are also sensitive to heat, cold, light,noise and various other external stimuli. Bose contrived a very sophisticatedinstrument called Crescograph which could record and observe the minuteresponses because of external stimulants. It was capable of magnifying themotion of plant tissues to about 10,000 times of their actual size, which foundmany similarities between plants and other living organisms.

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Contributions and Early Life:The central hall of the Royal Society in London was jam­packed with famousscientists on May 10, 1901. Everyone seemed to be curious to know how Bose’sexperiment will demonstrate that plants have feelings like other living beings andhumans. Bose chose a plant whose mots were cautiously dipped up to its stemin a vessel holding the bromide solution. The salts of hydrobromic acid areconsidered a poison. He plugged in the instrument with the plant and viewed thelighted spot on a screen showing the movements of the plant, as its pulse beat,and the spot began to and fro movement similar to a pendulum. Within minutes,the spot vibrated in a violent manner and finally came to an abrupt stop. Thewhole thing was almost like a poisoned rat fighting against death. The plant haddied due to the exposure to the poisonous bromide solution.

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Page 2: Jagadish Chandra Bose - Biography, Facts and Pictures

The event was greeted with much appreciation, however some physiologistswere not content, and considered Bose as an intruder. They harshly knockedthe experiment but Bose did not give up and was quite confident about hisfindings.

Using the Crescograph, he further researched the response of the plants tofertilizers, light rays and wireless waves. The instrument received widespreadacclaim, particularly from the Path Congress of Science in 1900. Manyphysiologists also supported his findings later on, using more advancedinstruments.

Jagadish Chandra Bose was born on 30 November, 1858 at Mymensingh, nowin Bangladesh. He was raised in a home committed to pure Indian traditions andculture. He got his elementary education from a vernacular school, because hisfather thought that Bose should learn his own mother tongue, Bengali, beforestudying a foreign language like English. Bose attended Cambridge afterstudying physics at Calcutta University. He returned to India in 1884 aftercompleting a B.Sc. degree from Cambridge University.

Later Life and Death:Bose authored two illustrious books; ‘Response in the Living and Non­living’(1902) and ‘The Nervous Mechanism of Plants’ (1926). He also extensivelyresearched the behaviour of radiowaves. Mostly known as a plant physiologist,he was actually a physicist. Bose devised another instrument called ‘Coherer’,for detecting the radiowaves.

Prior to his death in 1937, Bose set up the Bose Institute at Calcutta. He waselected the Fellow of the Royal Society in 1920 for his amazing contributions andachievements.

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