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nepeBog c aHrnMBcKoro B.A.l?arrmiHa Jack Cottrell. Baptism. A Biblical Study

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npmesawa t 1, Hans Bietenhard, ’’ 6vopa, etc.,” Theological Dictionary of the New

Testament, ed, Gerhard Friedrich, tr. Geoffrey W.Bromiley (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1967), Y:274-275.

2. Albreht Oepke, ” js&nrw, etc.,” Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, ed. Gerhard Kittel, lr, Geoffrey W. Bromiley (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964), 1539.

3 , CM. G.R.Beasley-Murray, Baptism in the New Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1962), pp.90-91

4, Murray J.Harris, ”Appendix: *Prepositions and Theology in the Greek New Testament”, The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology, ed. Colin Brown (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1978), III:1209.

aBTopa What the Bible Says About God the Redeemer (Japlin, Mo.: College Press, 1987), pp.171-173.

5. HeKOTOpble M 3 3TUX MaTepUanOB yXe 6 b r n ~ MCIlOJlb30BaHbI B KHMI’B

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1. Beasley-Murray, Baptism in New Testament, ppp.272-273. ,

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. IIpmesaHue

I . l lone3~oe paccMoTpeHue ~ T O R mano6br coAepmMTca B Donald Nash, "Water and Baptism," Christian Standard (April 30, 19781, 113:396-398.

8:36,38,39; 10:47; 11:16. 2 . M~+.3:11,16; M~.1:8,10; JI~.3:16; ki~.1:26,31,33; 3:23; flesH.1:5;

3. M~.4:10,11,14,15; 7:38. 4. M~.1:13; 1 ki~.2:29; 3:9; 4:7; 5:1,4,18. 5. William F.Arndt and F.Wilbur Gingrich, A Greek-English Lexicon of

the New Testament and Other Early. Christian Literature, 4 ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 19521, pp.233-234.

6. Murray J.Harris, "Appendix," ~ ~ 1 1 7 8 . 7. Beasley-Murray, Baptism in the New Testament, p.228, fn.2. TO, no ero

MHeHUIO, IIBJlZIeTCIl IIpMqUHOR, 06WICHIIWLW~, nOqeMy CCbIJlKa Ha BOAy He MOXeT 03HaqaTb ~ H O ~ O ~ U ~ ~ C K O ~ O POXAeHUSL

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B 3aKJLIO9eHHe OTMeTHM, YTO yCJIOJ3HRMII "ABOfiHOlXJ JIeYeHBR" B Aea~.2:38 IIBJIRIOTCR n o K a n m e H K p e m e H E i e , n p H s e M sepa UOA- p a 3 y ~ e ~ a e ~ c a .

I

n p a M e s a H A R I

, 1. CM. Jack Csttrell, "Are Miraculous Gifts the Blessing of Pentecost?", Christian Standard (May 9, 1982), 117:9-11.

2. CM. Jack Cottrell, Thirteen Lessons on Grace: Being Good Enough Isn't ' Good Enough (Joplin, Mo.: College Press, 1988 reprint of 1976 edition

published by Standard Publishing), chs.5-7. 3. CM. Sack Cottrell, What the Bible Says About God the Ruler (Joplin,

Mo.: College Press, 1984), chs.5,9; and What the Bible Says About God the Redeemer, pp.389-99.

4. Richard A.Seymour, All About Repentance (Hollywood, Fla.: Harvest

,

Hopse, 1974), p. 123. B nOCJIeAHeM YTBePXAeHHM, pa3yMee~cR, eCTb OCHOB,aLHMR YCOMHMTbCR.

5. B kiepyCaJlHMe HMeJlOCb HedKOnbKO 60nbm~x BOAOeMOB, KaK HanpMMep, CHJlOaMCKMfi npyA'(K IOF'y OT TePPMTOPMH XpaMa) pa3MepOM LlpHMepHO 15 H a 50 (PYTOB. PaCnJlOXeHHblfi B ION-3aIIaAHOfi qaCTH r0pOAa 60nb1110fi BOAqblR pe3ep~yap HMen nnoqaAb npuMepHo B 3 Wpa. Ans 6onee nomom o3HaKoMne-

7 HUII c BoAoeMaMu MepycanMMa CM. J.W.McGarvey, Lands of the Bible (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1881, pp.189-202).

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,OH CTaHOBHTCR OnpaBAaHHbIM, liJlM\ ‘ CnaCeHHhlM YeJIOBeKOM, O H BXOAHT B COCTORHHe OnpaBAaHHR. TO IIOCTORHHQe COCTORHEle, nos- A e p X M B a e M O e nOCTOSIHH6g BepOfi B K p O B b Id;pIICTa.S C B O e f i HCKPeH- H e % li AefiCTBeHHOG B e p O g XPHCTMaHMH OCTaeTCB CB060AHbIM OT BIlHbI H OCyXAeHHR ( P H M . ~ : ~ ) , XOTR M He CBO6OAHbIIM OT CaMOrO r p e X a . TO CYTb KOHqenI&HM OIIpaBAaHIlX B e p o l o ,

BbII I IeCKa3aHHOe CBHAeTeJIbCTByeT 0 TOM, YTO KpeIU,eHEie COBep- p a e T c a He ~ n a n p o r q e H m nEim n p o m n ~ x rpexos, a AJIR n p a ~ y e ~ ~ a r p e x o B eoodqe. Ao T e x nop, n o K a r l e n o B e K H a x o A a T c R BO ~ 3 a ~ -

HJIM n p o q e H B p e s y n b ~ a ~ e TON), ~ ITO n p o ~ a o w ~ o n p ~ em ~ p e q e ~ m i . MOOTHOIIIeHMRX C XPMCTOM, HaYaTbIMM K p e q e H M e M , OH O n p a B A a H ,

T a K YTO BCIO H a U I y XSH3Hb M P AOJIXHP IIOM@Tb 0 CBOeM K p e - 4 e H H H , H BOCnOMHHaHMe 0 H e M AOJIXHO BAOXHOBJIRTb I U C , KOrAa MbI H a Y M H a e M pa3OYapOBbIBaTbCR B CBOefi XPMCTMaHCKOii XM3HH IlJIM COMHeBaTbCR B PeaJrbHOCTM HaI l Ie rO yl lOBaHHR H a kIHCy C i XpHCTa,

II. KPEWEHME L4 CBflTOm AYX

54

\ B

J AJIB’ HOBOfi AYXOBHOG XW3HH. B eI’U OTBeT ~ ~ J J I H T a K X e BKJIIOPeHbI YCJIOBHR nonyPenm BTHX 6~1arocno~e~~i i : n o K a s m e H K p e q e d e .

’ qeme m e e T n p m e H e m e r p e a e c K o r o c n o B a ”eiic”, K o T o p o e , K a K ,

ma, o 3 ~ a 4 a e ~ ”AJIB” MJIH ”c qenbro”. H T a q c a M a qenb x p e q e H m ~ ~ K J I K N ~ ~ T C S I d~ TOM, V T O ~ H i n p e A o c T a s m b npoqeme ti o n p a B n a m e .

’ MbI 60~1ee HAEI M e H e e n O A p o 6 H o PaCCMOTpenH CBSI3b Memy

K p e q e H H e M II I I p O q e H t i e M H a OCHOBaHEiIl Ae~~.2:38. Ocoboe 3 H a - ,

6x710 yCTaHOBJIeH0 C YYeTOM JIeKCEiPeCKHX coo6parne~~ii H KOHTeK-

H a K O H e q , MbI ’ O ~ C Y A ~ Z ~ H CBX3ti . M e X A y k K p e q e H H e M H CBRTbIM ‘AYXOM, . n o p . r e p m y B , PTO K p e r q e H H e - RCHOe npeABapEiTeJIbH0e YCAOBHe IIOJIyPeHHX B Rap ,&‘Xi3 CBRTOIY). Te OTPbIBKH E13 A e X H t i f i

A y X a , l lpeflCTaBJIRloT coboii BBHO YHHKaJIbHHe HCKJIKIYeHEIR HJIEI XiS. IIpeXAe BCerO B HHX H e lVBOpHFCR 0 CIIaCEiTeJIbHOM UPHCYTCTBEIkI CBRTOrO A y X a . ,

CBRTHX A~OCTOJIOB , B K O T O ~ H X K p e l q e m e o T q e n x e T c 9 OT napa

I I p s M e s a H H s

1. Arndt and Gingrich, pp.227-229. 2. Ibid., p.229. CM. ccbinKM Ha AedaTbI B The Jqurnal of Biblical Literature. ’ 3:Murray J.Harris, ”Appefidix,” p.1187.r 4. Arndt and Gingrich, p.229. 5. B O ~ ~ O X H O , YTO shonee noTepseT aepy, B TOM cnysae OH T a K x e

6. IIpeAocTasneHHe Aapa Ayxa paccMaTpuBaeTca KaK aaneuamne~ue EoroM

. , . nkiLUHTCII OnpaBAaHMa.

CBOefi CO6CT0eHHOCTM HaA HBMM: ”kl yBepOBaBLUI4 B Hero, 3aITeYaTJleHbI 06e~o- BaHHbIM CBIITbIM AYXOM” (E@.1:13; CpaBHMTe C E@,A:30), XOTSI CaMO CyqeCr- BHTenbHOe ”ITeWTb” 0 3TOM KOHTeKCTe He MCITOnb3yeTCa, CaM ‘Ayx, HeCOMHeH-

BOnOnOXHOCTb OdWeIlpUHaTOMy MHBHMW KpeWeHHe KaK TaKOBbe HMKOrAa ?e Ha3bIBanOCb neYaTbI0. BeAb, KaK BMAHO M 3 Aea~.2:38, 3TO nOGOa Ana ITOJlj’YeHMSI

HO, mn9eTcsi s a n y a ~ n e ~ u e ~ , MJIH nesaTbm COdCTBeHHOCTM 6om~eB. B I T ~ O T H -

MCTMHHOR nesaTu - Csmoro Ayxa.

,

r , - > I ,

\ , 1

i. \

,

1. rPELLIHHK CABJ

57 I

/

59

60

62

‘Ill. llPM3BAB MMfl rOCllO,L/A

1

-.

IV. PE3tOME I

1. B KpaTKoM nepec~ase 3 ~ 0 m co6mus saplo Arpunne llanen He ynoMuea- eT 0 pOnu, KOTOPYW cbrrpan AHarms. KparKoe ynOMbiHaHW.2 0 AaHHOM eMy IlOpyseHMM, 0 KOTOPOM l’OBOpMTCSI B 26:16-18, BHAMMO, OCHOBaHO H a TOM, rIT6

HfhOCpeflCTBeHHO eMy no AOpOre B AaMacK.

. n o 3 ~ ~ e e nepeAan eMy klucyc s e p e 3 % A ~ a ~ u i o , a He Ha TOM, q ~ 6 c ~ a 3 a n l lucyc

2. Hans von Soden, ”&6d$6(, ets.,” Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, ed. Gerhard Kittel, tr. Geoffrey W. Bromiley (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964), I:145.

3. Aeen.2:29,37; 3:17; 1:2,23; 13:15,26,38; 22:1,5; 23: 1,5-6; 28;;17,21. CM. TaKme JI~.6:42 u E B P . ~ : ~ .

I

I

I’

‘1 . . , ! , I

I

, i 1 I .

3*-80ca 67

I. EAMHEHME c XPMCTOM

F n a B H a a M H c m 3~0ro o T p H B K a ~ ~ K A H ~ Y ~ ~ T C I I B TOM, YTO MH "KPeCTELTIHCb BO ,XPMCTa kIMCyCa", TO eCTb B CIIaCIlTeJIbHbI2 COIO3 C XPMCTOM, kICKyllHTeJIeM HIIIIHM. K o f i t q e n u m eAMHeHMX C XPMCTOM YaCTO l lpOCJIeXHBaeTC8 B C B q e H H O M ~ M C a H H I l . 3 T O l'IOApO6HOe omcame COCTOIIHHSI c n a c e H m . Bce ApyrMe acnerm c n a c e H m AOCTBI~TCII H a M B pe3ynb~a~e H a m e r o e A H H c T s a c XPHCTOM.

H a s , HO B OCHOBHOM OTMeYaeTcR, TO MH BO XpxcTe, ' a XPEICTOC B Hac. TO K a c a e m i n e p B o f i .racTH 3~0ro B H C K ~ ~ H B ~ H H R , TO ~ ~ M ~ T H M , YTO ITasen C c m a e T m H a "Bcex CBIITHX GO Xpucme Hucyce" B @ m H n n a x (@nn,l:l; CM. K o J I . ~ : ~ ) , a I I e T p ~ ~ R B J I R ~ T :

BP BO Xpucme 'Elucyce", - n E i m e T I T a s e J r (1 Kop.l:30). ECJIM

TePMEIHOJIOIYiII, B H p a X a H l l q a S 3 T 0 eAMHCTB0, CaMaR pa3~oobpaq-

" M H p B I M BCeM BO XpuCme HUCyCe" (1 rIe~,5:14). "OT Hero Ei

rOBOPHTb 0 BTOPOG YaCTM HaIIIeFO BPCKa3hIBaBHS, TO hIh?JI 3aSIB- JIReT, YTO ~ Y R Y S M XpHCTMaHaMM, B P AOJIXHH 3 H a T b , 9 T O "kIHCyC XPMCTOC 6 HUC" - r0BOPHT

CJIaBbI" (Ron. 1:27). n 0 3 T O M Y OH MOJIHTCII, " Y T O ~ ~ I BepOlO BCeJIHTbCII

(2 Kop.135). ''ECJIH XPMCTOC G Bad', OH, B a r n ayx XHB (Pm.8:lO). "XPHCTOC D Gac" - OTO " y n o B a H H e

XPHCTY B cepdqa G U ~ ~ U " (E4.3:17). "I4 y x II H e XHBY, HO mumm BO .me XPHCTOC" - T a K OH IQOSPMJI o cebe (ran.2:20).

H T a K , YTO 0 3 H a Y a e T b H T b B eAHHeHMH C XPMCTOM, T I K YTOBH O H &IJI B H a c , a M P B H e M ? T a K o r o POAa 3aSIBJIeHHII H e OTHOCXTCII K @H3HYeCKOMY MeCTOIIOJIOXeHHIO, a K 6nkI30CTti HaIlIHX OTHOIIIeHHfi

CTOM CTOJIb TeCHbI, rIT0 BCX CMJla M BCII X H 3 H b , K O T O p P e IIpOMCTe- KaLIOT OT EM MCKyJIMTeJIbHOfi MHCCIIH, IIpkiHaflJIeXaT H I M N TeKYT B H a I J I y X H 3 H b . Bce HCKYIIHTeJIbHbIe bnara, IlOJIyYeHHbIe B pe3yJIb- T a T e Em, CMePTH, n o r p e b e ~ ~ n M BOCKPeCeHMR, IIBJI%%OTCII HalIIBMH

KOHKPeTHO CMePTbIO ,H BOCKpeCeHHeM El% ( P M M . ~ : ~ ) . . KaKOBhl p e 3 y J I b T a T h I HaII Ie rO eAMHeHM5I C XPHCTOM B EI'O CMePTH

M BOCKpeCeHMM? K a K M e KOHKPeTHHe birara I I O J I y U e M M P B pe3yJIb-

Pa3 MHCJ'C y M e p C IICHO BbIpaXeHHOfi 4eJIblO B 3 9 T b H a Cebx H a m y

M P eAMHb1 C HMM B CMePTM, H a m a BMHa CHMMaeTCII, a H a m GTaTyC

co C n a c m e n e M . F z a B H o e TO, YTO H a m i B~~HMOOTHOII I~HHR c Xpx-

6 ~ 1 a r a ~ ~ . T a K , ITasejr ~ ~ I I B J I I I ~ T , YTO MH coenmem c HHM

T a T e n o ~ o 6 ~ o r o e A m e H m ? He M e H e e , 4 e M A B o P H o e t icqeJIeHMe.

BMHY M n o H e c T t i B e m o e H a K a g a m e 3a H a m k i r p e x H , TO n o c K o m K y

nepen J I H Q O ~ Bora C T a H o B m c R T a K m , YTO H a r n e ~ a ~ a 3 a ~ ~ e CYHJ

, .

,

1

_ .

11. KPECTMBLLMECJI BO XPHCfA MMCYCA

69 c

\

71

, I

1

1)

i

I

111. OCHOBA CtHTOfi XLI3Hkl 1

73

\ I

:' 1 \ 74 \

/

/

IV. PE3tQME

75

1. OHMH ~3 MOMX npenoftasaTenefi B BeCTMMHCTepCKOfi TeonorMrlecKoA

2. Mbicnb o TOM, YTO KpeueHue, 6y~y4u nozpe6etiiie/u, owaqaeT, TO

CeMMHapMM (Amek QaMC) BOCKpiKHYi l OAHaXAbI BO BpeMH 3aHHTMfi: "R h M . 6 HeT H M OnHOfi KanIJIH BOAbI!".,

CMePTb yXe npOU3OlLIJIa, nPOTHBOPeYHT CaMOMy TeKCTY. B P V M . ~ : ~ He CKa3aH0, YTO, MbI norpe6nwcb %peqeHMeM, IIOTOMy YTO yXe YMepJIM, a rOBOpUTCR, q T 0 norpe6nucb KpeqeHueM B cMepTb.

3. Albrecht Oepke, "hh, etc.", Theological Dictionary# of the New Testamtent, ed. Gerhard Kittel, tr. Geoffrey W.Bromiley (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 19671, IV:303.

I.

I /

, I

4 a

I

\ . 76

1 KOPPiHcDXHAM 12:13 L

1. KPEUEHME ,L/YXOM

77

4 CaMbIe , YTO ki B “IIIeCTEi g p y l 7 i X CTHXBX: CJIOBO TO me (”KpeCTHTb”);

kIMeK)TCII HeKOTOpbIe paCXOXJ(eHHR OTHOCEiTeJIbHO I IepeBOAa IIpeR- JIOra ”eH”. 3 T O CJIOBO M O X e T 0 3 H a Y a T b ”B” HJIH ”C”, B TOM CMbICJIe, r l T 0 R Y X M O X e T 6aTb C p d O u ” , B jcOmOpy10 MbI KpeCTEiJIHCb; kIJIH. Xe CJIOBOCOYeTaHHe M O X e T 6bITb IIOHIITO B TOM CMbICJIe, YTO A Y X

YaJIbHOM 3aIIBJIeHHH U O a H H a IIpeAIIOYTeHHe OTAaeTCII I IepBOMy 3 H a - YeHHH), n0CKOJIbKy K p e q e H H e B A Y X H AYXOM MOXHO CPaBHHTb C KpeIIJeHHeM BOAOH) H OrHeM ( M T 4 3 : l l ; J K . 3 : 16), a IIOCJIegHHe

npegrror TOT me (”e”’); Ayx TOT me.

’

SIBJIIIeTCB cpeacmcmt, icomopm c o s e p k n e H o ~ p e r q e ~ ~ e , B n e p B o H a -

\ IIBJIIIIOTCII C K O p e e CpeAOfi, YeM CpexCTBOM; H IIOCKOJIbKy Meccm ’ o n p e A e n e H a ponb C p e A c m a , o c y r q e c ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ o ~ ~ e m ~perqeme. O g H a K o ’B KOHTeKCTe ,1 Kop.12:13 TO Xe B b I p a X e H H e (”0 ,&‘Xe”) HCIIOJIb-

3YeTCR B A P y r O M CMbICJIe (CTHXEI 3,9), &lX IIBJIIIeTCII CPeAFTBOM, O C y ~ e C T B J I d I O q E I M OIIpeJ(eJIeHHyIO AeIITeJIbHOCTb. nO3TOMY HMeK3TCII OCHOBaHHX TOJIKOBaTb 3 T 0 CfIOBOCOYeTaHHe B CTHXe 13 IIO-Pa3HOMY. XOTSI n p a B Ehcm-Mappefi, r o B o p x ”B OCHOBHOM c o x p a H a e T c x TO >Ice 3 ~ a ~ e ~ ~ e ” B 0 6 0 ~ ~ c n y Y a a x . 2 B 0 3 M P X H O C o Y e T a m e 0 6 0 ~ ~ 3HaqeHHk A y X , AekCTByII B KaYeCTBe CpeACTBa, KPeCTHT H I C B Ce651 K a K B CpeAy. MbI I IO-I IpeXHeMy 6 y A e M I’OBOPHTb, YTO ”Kpe- CTkLnHCb AYXOM”.

q T 0 3HfiYHT ”KPeCTHTbCX &‘XOM’’? 3 T a KOH4eIIQHII, C IIOXOXEIMH Ha3E@HHRMH, K a K HaII lpEiM~p, ” K p e l q e H H e CBIITbIM AYXOM” H ” K p e - IQeHHMe AYXO/M”, IIOHMMaeTCSI COBPeMeHHbIM XPHCTHaHCTBOM n O - p a 3 -

I IpeCBHTePHaH, pe@OpMaTOB, 6aIITHqTOB) 3 T 0 B b I p a X e H H e 0 6 ~ ~ ~ 0 OTHOCIIT K MOMeHTY, KOrAa r p e m H H K POXAaeTCS CBbIJ.Ue IIOCpeACTBOM

HOMY. B rpynrrax g e @ o p M a T o p c K o r o H a n p a s n e H H a ( H a r r p m e p , y

Ayxa, K O T O ~ O ~ ~ Iior nperiowxocm B K a g e c T B e gapa c 4e~1bm

I78 c

I

' 79

II. KPELL/EME LI L(EPK0Bb i

Erqe OAHMM BaXHbIM 3JIeMeHTOM 3TOPO CTMXa IiBJlSIeTCII CBR3b M e X h y KpeIIJeHMeM II WIeHCTBOM B U e p K B M k lHCyCa XpMCTa. B

' CTkIXe CKa3aH0, YTO BCe M H KPeCTMaMCb "B ["efiC"] OAHO TeJIO".

81 I

1

i

&lYMi B a X H b I f i Te3MC PeCTaBpaTOpOB 3aKJIH)VaeTCR B TOM,, VTO XpBCTMaHe CO'CTORT V:eHaMH CeKT ti K O H a e C C H i , TO eCTb TBX U;eyKOBHhlX rpylh, C T p y K T y p a KOTOPMX RBHO H e COOTBeTCTBYeT \06pa3qy HOBOKI 3 a s e ~ a , C ~ p y r ~ i i CTOPOHIS, RCHO H TO, YTO H e K o T o p b I e 113 T e x , m a m e H a W~CJIRTCR B c n M c K a x K o H r p e r a q E i f i HOBOI-O 3aae~a , RBJIRIOTCR n M q e M e p a m EI o T c T y n H H K a M a (CM. MTC$. 13:47-50). Ho K a K o e s e n o s e v e c K o e cyrqec~ao B COCTOSIHEIH OlIpeAeJIMTb, KTO 213 HaXOASIlIJMXCR B H e CaHKqMOHMPOBaHHOfi HOBbIM 3 a 5 e T O M 4 e p K B M AefiCTBMTeJIbHO CnaCeH, a KTO HeT? T a K o r o Cy- I.I@?CTBa CPeAMl HBC HeT. . h r U b EOr B COCTORHHM 3 a r J I R H y T b C C e p A q a JIIOAefIi; TOJIbKO 60r 6 e 3 0 m ~ 6 0 ~ ~ 0 3 H a e T , KTO MCTMHHO "BOt XpMCTe",

BOT B 3TOM 2lCneKTe MOXHO rOBOPMTb 0 CYlqeCTBOBaHEIM HCBU-

HbIX, BMAHa TOJIbKO BOT M HeBPiAHMa AJIR H a c , OrpaHMYeHHbIX WXOBeYeCKMX CylIJeCTB. KaxwIfi CnaCeHHbIfi RBJIRIeTCR MCTMHHbIM

WIeHOM UepKBM, KOTOPYH) JIIO~MJI XPMCTOC M 3a KOTOpyIO OTAWI CBOH) XM3Hb (Ea.25). 3 T O OAHa ~ceo61qa~ U e p K O B b , r p a H H q b I KOTOpOfi AJIR H I C HeBWHMhI. Tenepb, KOl'Aa HOB IS^^' 3 a B e T PaCKPbIJI H I M HAeaJIbHyH) CTPYKTYPY, MJIM OPraHM3abMI0, B P a M K a X KOTOPOfi, IIO' XeJIaHIlIO E O r a , JIIOAM AOJIXHbI X M T b Ei CJIYXHTb EMY, MHOlWe I13 T e X , KTO IIBJIReTCR YJIeHaMM HeBHAMMOfi U e p K B M , H e IIOBMHYIoTCR B o n e EOXMCfi , IIOCKOJIbKY OCTaIOTCR YneHaMM ~ e 6 ~ 6 ~ 1 e f i c ~ ~ x KOH- @eCCHOHaJIbHbIX O p r a H M 3 a ~ M f i MJIM ~oo614e H e npMMbIKaH)T HM K KaKOfi q€$KBM. H O 3 T 0 BOIIPOC HelTOJIHOrO O C B S f ~ e H ~ R ; MX. CIIaCeHHe H e OTPHI@eTCX, eCJIM TOJIbKO OHM H e 6poca1o~ I I p e A H a M e p e H H O BbI3OB BepXOBeHCTBy XpMCTa. TaKMM o6paso~ OHM OCTaIOTCR B HeBMAMMOP U e p K B H , XOTR M H e 9BJIBH)TCR VJIeHaMH CaHKqHOHEipOBaHHOfi h 6 -

Hanpmep, YeJIOBeK MOXeT IIpMAepXHBaTbCR &eTOAEiCTCKOl% I z n M KaTOJIkIYeCKOrO HCIIOBeAaHMSI, HO HaCTaHBaTb H a TOM, Y T O ~ ~ I 6 b I T b

CBRTOFO A y X a . HJIM Xe IIOAPOCTOK M O X e T 6 b I T b o6pawe~ B XPHCTHaHCKYH) B e p y M I l O r p y X e H BO XpMCTa ewe A 0 O&M~EiaJ lbHOrO WIeHCTBa B K a K O f i - n n 6 0 MeCTHOfi KOHl'peraqMM. Tame JIIOAM, H e - COMHeHkO, HaXOAXTCR BHYTPH "OAHOIY) TeJIa", OMbITOM KPOkbH)

C J I e A y e T OTMeTMTb, VTO "OAHO TeJIO", 0 KOTOPOM MBOPMTCR B 1 Kop.12:13, COOTBeTCTBYeT HeBMAMMOfi &?pKBM. TO Xe MOXHO C K a 3 a T b M 0 BCeX yIIOMHHaHM5IX U e p K B M KaK T e J I e XPMCTOBOM,

WIH B T e n e XPHCTOBOM.

&u.toG U,epKsM, rpaatlqa, p a ~ ~ m a ~ o r q a ~ C n a c e H H b I x OT H e c n a c e H -

w r e H o M Tens, r n a B a KOTOPOI-CI M Cnacmenb - XPHCTOC (E&.5:23),

mef i B E W H M O ~ q e p K o B H o f K o H r p e r a q m . 6

n o r p y m e H b m BO X p H c T a BO cnaceme r p e x o B M n o n y s e H m Aapa

X p H c T a .

H a n p m e p : "Pi OH e c T b r n a B a T e n a U e p K B H " (Koa. 1 : 18). YIIOMH- H a m e 06 oartoa T e n e (CM. E@.4:4) !ewe a c H e e C B m e T e n b c T B y e T o

83

I IV. PE3BME

'\ I I p H M e 4 a H H s J

1.' &lYI'OR OTPbIBOK C IIOXOXMM B b I p a X e H M e M MbI HaXOAMM B 1 Kop.6:11, rAe BMeCTO CJIOBa "KpeCTHJIUCb" UCl'IOJIb30BaHO CJIOBO "OMblJIUCb". Bce Mbl "O+jbIJIMCb OAHMM AYXOM", - rOBQP,UTCSI B H e M .

2. Beasley-Murray, Bqptisrn in the New Testament, p.167. 3 . T a K BbIFJISIAUT e A M H a s C x e M a AJIS B3pOCJIbIX.,B C J I y Y a e C AeTbMM

TBX, KTO B e P M T B K p e q e H M e A e T e R ) K p e l q e H M e BOAOIO M O X e T OCyWeCTBJISITbCX H a

MHOrO J IeT P a H b I I I e K p e q e H M X AYXOM. 4. B b I C K a 3 b I B a H M e M O a H H a : ''S KpeCTMJI B a C BOAOIO?a O H 6 y ~ e ~ KPeCTUTb

' B a C AYXOM C B q T b I M " O T p a X a e T BCerO-HaBCerO pa3J IMYUe M e X A y kiOaHHOBbIM

KpeLL(eHMeM - JlUlUb BOAOIO M XpMCTMaHCKUM K p e Q e H U e M - BOAOH) M ATXOM. 5. P U ~ . 1 2 : 4 - 5 ; 1 K0~.10:17; 12:12-30; E+.I:22-23; 3:6; 4:4, 12-16;

-6, C J I e n y e T dTMeTMTb, q T 0 6Or IIpOSIBJISIeT 3a6o~y 06 06eux U e p K B a X - BMAUMOR U HeBM&MOR. T O , YTO IIOCAeAHSUl IlBJISIeTCSI ~ e p K O B b H ) , 9JIeHCTBO B

U e p K B M H e M H T e p e C y e T 6 O r a . Ero p a A y I O T JlMIUb Te , KTO XBJlSIeTCR YJIeHaMM HeBUAMMOrO T e J I a CI IaCeHHblX W I IpeAIIMCaHHOfi CBbIlUe BUAMMOR U e p K B U . 3 T O

O A H a M3 B a F H e ~ I l l U X IIOCbIJlOK ABMXeHUSI P e C T a B p a ~ M M .

- '

5:23,30; Kon.l:18,24; 2:19; 3:15.

' KOTOPOZ~ o6~3aTenb~o nns C n a c e H m , H e o s ~ a q a e ~ , YTO Y n e H c b o B BMAMMOR ,

, 7. nono6~oe C K ~ ~ ~ H O H B E@.4:3-6

86 I

f

9

' MAATAM 3~26-27 E

Y

,

'

KOTOPOM AaeTcsI H H ~ O P - B ra~1.3:26-27. B HCM

1. CblH0,Bbfl 6OXMU GJIR nOHHMaHBR MHCJIEI, BHpaXeHHOG B 3:z(j-27, He06XOAklMO

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1. Friedrich’ Buechsel, ”ybopm, etc.,” Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, ed. Gerhard Kittel,, tr. Geoffrey W.Bromiley (Grand Rapids: Ekrdmans,, 1964), I:686.

2, lbid., p.688. 7

128

3 . Johannes Behm, “ ~ a ~ v 6 5 , eic.,” Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, ed, Gerhard Kiiiel, tr. Geoffrey W.Bromiley (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1965), III:447.

4. Oepke, ’‘hnh, etc,,” p.302. Bce TPU McKnioqeiwR OTHOCRTCII K O ~ ~ I Y H O -

5 , Ibid., p.303, 6. Beasley-Murray, Baptism i n the New Testamenl, p.210. 7 . Ana 6anee no~po6~or-o o6cymgeHMs npo6ne~br CM.: Albrecht Oepke,

”&&,” Theological Dictionary or the New Testament, ed. Gerhard Kittel, lr. Geoffrey W.Bromiley (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964), II:65-70. no cnoBaM

MY OMOBeHMIO: Aenn. 9:37; 16:33; 2 neT. 2:22.

OnKe, B TbiT.3:5 CJIOBO UMeeT 3llaYellMe IIpUYUHbI UnU bpyAMSl AefiCTBUII: ”IIOCpeACTBOM, C nOMOlqbl0, Wpe3 nOCpeACTB0” (pp.66-67).

8. CneAyeT OTMBTUTb CUHTaKCMqeCKUfi PUTMUqeCKUfi CTpOfi CTUXP: He ”6a~e10 BO3pOXJ@HUSi M 06HOBneIiU$4 CBsTblM AYXOM”, a ” 6 a ~ e m - BO3POXAe- HMII U 06liOBn8l~UII - CBRTblM AYXOM”.

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Uem” (Baptism in the New Testament, p.211).

and Ir. Theodore G. Tappert (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1959), p.441,

10, ”Truth About Conversion: Man’s Response”.

10; Martin Luther, ”The Large Catechism,” in The Book of Concord, ed.

11. CM. donee n o ~ p o 6 ~ o e o d a a c ~ e ~ u e 3 ~ 0 r o B MoeR KHure, His Truth, ch.

129

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& M a CHTyaVMSI AOCTaTOYHO @CHa, 3aTO AOBOJrbHO TPyAHO no- HXTb, K a K TOYHO AefiCTByeT IlmOll B KaYeCTBe CHMBOJIa K p e q e H H R . B CTHXe 20 6yKBaJIbHO CKa3aH0, YTO BOCeMb A Y l n CIIaCJIHCb OT

cnyqae IIOTOII - npeAmecTBymlq&i CEIMBOJI HAM o6pa3, a K p e l q e -

m m e T c a TOT @ ~ K T , TO rcpeqetiue cnncnem.

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opydun c n a c e H m B TOM CMbIcne, YTO o H a Aepxana KoBYer H a many; BO B T O ~ O M cnywie BoAa - cmuxun, om rcomopoii cnacnacb

IIpOfiAR Y e p e 3 BOAbI". B IIepBOM CJIyYae BOAa BbICTyIIaeT B KaYeCTBe

CeMbR HOR. HeKOTOpbIe CYEITaIOT, YTO n I e T p MMeJI h BhAY 06a '3HaYeHHR ( 6 y K B a n b H b I f IIepeBOA B 3TOM CJlyYae: "Yepe3 1 BOAY") ,

IIOCKOJrbKY 3TO 6 n ~ x e COOTBeTCTBYeT KpelqeHHH). ECJIH M6I H e IIpHBbIKJIEI PaCCMaTpMBaTb BOAY KaK CpeACTBO CIIaCeHEIg, MbI T e M donee He rOTOBbI OTHOCEITbCR K 6 a ~ e K p e I y e H H R KBK K TOMY, Y e p e 3 YTO MbI AOJlXHbI 6 b I T b "yCIIeIUH0 aPOBeAeHb1".

C K o p e e B c e m I I e T p m e n B BHAY BOAY KaK opyme c q a c e H m ,

I

OAHO RCHO: B HeKOTOPOM CMbICJIe MOXHO CKa3aTb, YTO 6b1na c n a c e H a BoAaMM n o T o n a , EI TO n p e A o n p e A e n a e T

132

YTO " ~ p e w e ~ ~ e H r m e c r r a c a e T Hac". Y n O T p e 6 J I e H H e s ~ e c r , H a c T o R r q e n ,

cnacmaa HOR, 61ma B O A O ~ n o T o n a , HO BoAa, cnacamqag H a c ceiiuac, - TO BoAa ~ p e r q e ~ ~ s ~ .

B p e M e H H l'JIaM)JIa COOTBeTCTBYeT CJIOBy "HbIHe", "B AaHHOe BpeMX", a H e "KOI'Aa-TO", "AaBHbIM-AaBHO" BO B p e M e H a Hoesa IIOTOna. Boqa,

I

II. OL;PALL/EHblE K 60rY

I

K p e l q e k m , TO, TO n p m a e T e M y cnacmenmym c ~ n y . OAHHM 113 T a K H X CllaCMTeJIbHbIX AyXOBHbIX 3JIefieHTOB SIBJIIIeTCSI "obe~qaa~e Gory iodpoii COBeCTH" (B aHI'JIMfCKOM IIepeBOAe: "06paiqe~~e K Bory 3a ~Obpof CoBecTbm" - I I ~ M M . nepen.), K n r o s e B o e CJIOBO s ~ e c b - "o6parqe~~e", no-rpeuecsa - " 3 n e p ~ ~ e ~ a " .

K C o x a n e H m o , CJIOBO "3nepo~e~a" H e TaK-To pemo nepesemq 6onbme B HOBOM 3 a s e ~ e OHO H H r n e H e B c T p e Y a e T c a , ~ O ~ T O M Y

IIpeAnaramcz B e c b M a pa3nxs~b1e n e p e B o w ( c K o p e e , M H T e p n p e T a -

nepen m q o ~ Bora! J m e p E ~ C ~ O J I ~ ~ O B ~ J I no~o6aoe xe CJIOBO " 6 y ~ ~ " (os~ar~amzsee 3 a ~ e ~ HJIM o 6 e ~ ) n p ~ nepeeoge HOBOM 3ase~a H a ~ e ~ e q ~ ~ f R ~ ~ I K . l T p e A n a r a e T c s T a m e B a p H a m n e p e B o A a : "npeano- x m u e ~06poii qoBecTu". To e c T b B K p e W e H m Eor n p e A n a r a e T A a T b

B a p a a H T a M , " m e p o ~ e ~ a " 0 3 ~ a q a e ~ omaern HJIM OTKJIHK, TO e c T b K elqeme - E TO K o r n a ~ o 6 p a ~ c o s e c T b p e a m p y e T H a Bora. M H s ~08634, ecm e4e QAHO m e m e , oa~auaroqee 06pau4e~ue K Bory

IIPHXOAMTCR JIkIIUb MCXOAIZTb E13 eM lTpHMeHeHE1R B 1 lTe~.3:21.

4 H M ) . ' H e K O T O p b I e CYEITaIOT, YTO AaHHOe CJIOBO 0 3 H a W e T "06eu4u~ue iq06poG COBeCTH", IijIH o 6 e q a ~ ~ e I I O m e p X H B a T b ~o6pb1e OTHOIUeHHR '

' H a M ~06pym COBeCTb. ThKOBO MHeHHe k H C K H . 3 COrJIaCHO APYlWM

38 q06poii COBeCTbK) (E1JIH C ' A O 6 p O ~ COBeCTbIO), KaK B y e J I 0 M PRAAe. aHrJIHfiCKkIX IIepeBOAOB BH~JIMH. B a p k I a q m M t i TaKOrO I IepeBOAa %B-

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I TBepAO y b e X A e H , rITO B e p H O g SIBJISeTCSI IIOCJreAHIISI TOYKa 3peHMR.

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B T o p a R rrpmma, obaac~arorqarr, n o s e M y II y A a m n p e q n o v T e H H e TO MY CJIOBY, ~ ~ K J I I Q ~ ~ ~ T C S I B TOM) ~ I T O OHO xapoluo yrcnaabieaemcsl B KOHTeKCT, .0C06eHHOa B OTHOUleHHH CBII3H K p e I q e H H R CO CIIaCeHHeM. MbI AOJIXHbi IIOMHHTb, YTO KBK 6171 HH IIepeBOAkIJIOCb CJIOBO

* IIOCTM TOT aCIIeKT KpeJIJeHEIR, KOTOPbIB II03BOJISIeT e M y 6bITb aKTOM CIIaCeHMR. CJIeAOBaTeJIbHO, CMbICJI CJIOBa AOJIXeH COOTBeTCTBOBaTb TOMY, rITO CIIaCeHHe AaeTCR 6JIarOAaTbH), TO eCTb AegHHeM E O r a , a H e HaIUMM CO6CTBeHHbIM. 3 H a Y e H M e , KOTOpOe MbI YCMaTpMBaeM

"3nepo~e~a", OHO o s ~ a u a e , ~ acnem c a M o r o K p e r q e ~ m EI B ocobeg-

134

B c n o B e " snepo~e~a" , H e nonxwo p p e ~ p a q a ~ b K p e q e m e 5 cosep- m a e M b I f i H a m TPYA, a AOJIXHO noggepxmaTb ero xapamep B KaYeCTBe CIIaCHTeJIbHO6 AeSITeJIbHOCTM C a M O m Sora.

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B a X H e e TO, YTO OHa H e COOTBeTCTBYeT CnaCeHMIO 6 n a r o ~ a ~ a m .

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135

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138

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V

V. PE3tOME B BTO# l'JIaBe MM OCTaHOBHJIHCb H a YeTbIpeX MOMeHTaX. BO-

IIePBbIX, MbI YBHAehM, YTO B 1 8 lle~,3:21 SICHO C K a 3 a H 0 , YTO

4 e H M k 1 s e J I O B e K a , OH0 CnaCaeT, IIOCKOJIbKy SIBJISIeTCSI IIIXT3bIBOM K E O r y CAeJIaTb AJIR H a U e r O CIIaCeHHSI BCe, 9 T O ' O H 0 6 e q a n , . B - T p e T b - Pix, BO BpeMSI K p e q e H H S I MM oco60 06paqae~crr 351 ~06poi i COBeCTbIO, KOTOpaSI IIOCbIJIaeTCZIl B BHAe Aapa OThYqeHEISI FpeXOB. M H a K O H e q , OKOHrIaTeJIbHaR CIIaCMTeJIbHa5l CHJIa K p e q e H H 9 HCXOAHT M 3 BOCKPC- CeHMSI XpMCTa, K O T O P ~ I ~ ~ B' KaYeCTBe BOCKpeCIIIeM H IIpal%Iqt?IU

yCMOTpeHMIO. KaK BHAHO 113 OTPbIBKa, O H I I p e A n O W i T a e T AeJlaTb 3 T 0 B X MCTMaHCKOM K p e q e H H M .

K p e q e m e c n a c a e T . BO-BTOPISX, c no3aq~fi ysameymqem B K p e -

rocnoga m e e T B n a c T b pacnpenenrrm Aapn c n a c e H m no C n o e M y

P \

npmesama 1. Murray J.Harris, "Appendix," p.1177. 2: CM, 0 6 c y x ~ e ~ ~ e 3TOr0 BOwOCa BbIUIe, B PJIaBe, IIOCBslLWHHOk 1

* Kop. 12: 13. I

3. R.C.H.Lenski, The Interpretation of the Epistles of St. Peter, St. John and St. Jude (Minneapolis: Augsburg, 1966), pp.170-73.

4 , Heinrich Greeven, "6puzbw, etc.," Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, ed. Gerhard Kittel, tr. GeoFfrey W.Bromiley- (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964), 11: 685-687; G.T.D. Angel, "Prayer [section on $pw26u]," The New International Dictionary of the New Testament Theology, ed. Colin Brown (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1976), II:879-680:

5, Lenski, Interpretation of the Epistles of st. Peter, p.172. OH UUT@YeT ,

6. Greeven, "6po~tdt0, etc.," p.688. UIJIaTTCpa, HO He IlpMBOAUT HUKpKUX 6u6n~orpa@isec~ux AaHHbIX.

7. T a K H M o 6 p a m ~ , "godpas COBeCTb" B AaHHOM CTUXe He 03Ha'IaeT TOrO, 'IT0 Mbl &?U(aeAt COXPaHfiTb,,U He IIBJISleTCII TaKXe hfOl7&'UON AJlR HallleW KpeWeHUR.

8 . Greeven; ".+u.rao, etc.," p.488.

139

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1 . CM. MOIO HeOlIydJIMKOBaHHyIO AOKTOpCKyIO AMCCepTaqkiIO "Covenant and Baptism in the Theology of Huldreich Zwingli" (Princeton, NJ: Princeton Theological Seminary, 1971 ),

2. Cyprian, Epistle 72:23, "The Epistles of Cyprian," tr. Ernest Wallis, The Ante-Nicene Fathers, ed. Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson (New York: Scribner's, 1886; reprint, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1978), V:385. (EfCIIOJIb3OBaHMe 3TOfi UkiTaTb1 He 03Ha'IaeT, qT0 TeX, KTO Da3AeJIXeT TOqKy

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