JOURNAL #7

Write a 1 paragraph letter to yourself (at least 6 sentences) describing how puberty has affected you. Include information on how your emotions and body have changed and how you feel about yourself now that you're becoming an adult.

REPRODUCTIONThe system of organs involved in producing offspring.

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Endocrine glands-ductless organs or groups of cells that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

Hormones-chemical substances that are produced in glands and help regulate many of your bodies functions

Problems: diabetes, Grave’s disease, Cushing’s disease, Goiter, growth disorders

FUNCTIONS OF MALE REPRODUCTION

• The two main functions of the male reproductive system are the production and storage of sperm and the transfer of sperm to the female’s body during sexual intercourse.

EXTERNAL MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

• The testes, the penis, and the scrotum are external structures involved in the process of reproduction.

• The penis releases semen.

• Fertilization-the joining of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell-can result if ejaculation occurs during sexual intercourse.

INTERNAL MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

• Although sperm are produced in the testes, which are suspended outside the body, they must travel through several structures inside the body before they are released. 1. Sperm made in testicles 2. Sperm travel up vas

deferens 3. Sperm mix with seminal

fluid to make semen 4. Sperm leave the penis

(ejaculation)

PROBLEMS

• An inguinal hernia is a separation of tissue that allows part of the intestine to push into the abdominal wall near the top of the scrotum.

• Sterility in males can result from too few sperm-fewer than 20 million per milliliter of seminal fluid-or sperm of poor quality.

• Testicular cancer can affect males of any age but occurs most often in males between the ages of 14 and 40.

• The prostate gland can become enlarged as a result of an infection, a tumor, and age-related problems.

FUNCTIONS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

• The female reproductive system produces female sex hormones and stores ova.

• The uterus nourishes and protects the fertilized ovum from conception until birth.

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

• When a mature ovum is released from the ovary, it moves to one of the fallopian tubes.

• Tiny hair-like structures called cilia work, along with muscular contractions in the fallopian tubes, to move the ovum along.

• Sperm from the male enter the female reproductive system through the vagina.

PROBLEMS• Toxic Shock Syndrome is a rare but serious

bacterial infection that affects the immune system and the liver and can be fatal.

• Endometriosis-This painful, chronic disease occurs when tissue that lines the uterus migrates and grows in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, the uterus, or the lining of the pelvic cavity.

• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease is an infection of the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and the surrounding areas of the pelvis.

• Vaginitis, caused by bacterial vaginosis, is the most common vaginal infection in women of childbearing age, and it is often accompanied by discharge, odor, pain, itching, or burning.

MENSTRUATION• In a mature female, each month

the uterus prepares for possible pregnancy. 1. Lining of uterus is shed(day

1 of menstrual flow) 2. Lining of uterus thickens

with blood 3. Ovulation occurs (egg

released from ovary) 4. Egg travels through

fallopian tube 5. Egg enters the uterus 6. Egg dissolves if unfertilized 7. Lining of uterus is shed(day

1 of menstrual flow)

FERTILIZATION• The fertilization of an egg by a sperm

produces a cell called a zygote.

• Sperm meets egg in the fallopian tube

• When the zygote leaves the fallopian tube, it enters the uterus.

• In preparation for receiving the zygote, the uterine wall has thickened and is rich in blood, which enables the uterus to nourish the zygote.

• The developing fetus will remain attached to the uterine wall until birth.

The Incredible Human Machine 4:55

EMBRYONIC GROWTH As the embryo grows, it cells

continue to divide, forming three layers that later become body systems. One layer=respiratory and

digestive system Second layer=muscles, bones,

blood vessels, and skin Third layer=nervous system, sense

organs, and mouth During this time two important

structures form outside the embryo Amniotic sac-a thin, fluid-filled

membrane that surrounds and protects the developing embryo

Umbilical cord-a ropelike structure that connects the embryo and the mothers placenta (a thick, blood-rich tissue that lines the walls of the uterus).

FETAL DEVELOPMENT First Trimester (0-14 weeks):

Brain, ears, and arms begin to form. The heart forms and beats. Mouth, nostrils, eyelids, hands, fingers, feet, and toes begin to form. Sex organs, eyelids, fingernails, and toe nails develop. Can even suck its thumb!

Second Trimester (15-28 weeks): Can blink its eyes. Fetus and grasp and kick. The fetus and hear conversation and has a regular cycle of waking and sleeping.

Third Trimester (29 weeks-birth): Uses all 5 sense. Some fetuses dream during sleep. 266 days after conception, the baby weighs 6-9 lbs and is ready to be born.

ANATOMY BINGO VOCABULARY Anus Bladder Cervix Circumcision Clitoris Ejaculation Erection Fallopian tubes Fertilization Foreskin Hymen Menstruation Ovaries Ovulation

Ovum Penis Scrotum Semen Seminal vesicles Sperm Testicles/testes Urethra Uterus Vagina Vas deferens Vulva

FUNCTIONS OF MALE REPRODUCTION

• The two main functions of the male reproductive system are the _______________________ and the _________________ to the female’s body during sexual intercourse.

EXTERNAL MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

• The _______, the ______, and the _________ are external structures involved in the process of reproduction.

• The penis releases ______.

• ____________-the joining of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell-can result if ejaculation occurs during sexual intercourse.

INTERNAL MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

• Although sperm are produced in the testes, which are suspended outside the body, they must travel through several structures inside the body before they are released. 1. Sperm made in ________ 2. Sperm travel up _________ 3. Sperm mix with ___________________________ 4. Sperm leave the ______________

PROBLEMS• An ____________ is a separation of tissue

that allows part of the intestine to push into the abdominal wall near the top of the scrotum.

• ___________ in males can result from too few sperm-fewer than 20 million per milliliter of seminal fluid-or sperm of poor quality.

• ____________ can affect males of any age but occurs most often in males between the ages of 14 and 40.

• The ____________ can become enlarged as a result of an infection, a tumor, and age-related problems.

FUNCTIONS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

• The female reproductive system _____________ ____________________.

• The uterus ___________________________ ___________from conception until birth.

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

• When a mature ______ is released from the _______, it moves to one of the ____________.

• Tiny hair-like structures called ______ work, along with muscular contractions in the fallopian tubes, to move the ovum along.

• Sperm from the male enter the female reproductive system through the __________.

PROBLEMS• __________________ is a rare but serious

bacterial infection that affects the immune system and the liver and can be fatal.

• ____________-This painful, chronic disease occurs when tissue that lines the uterus migrates and grows in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, the uterus, or the lining of the pelvic cavity.

• ________________ is an infection of the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and the surrounding areas of the pelvis.

• ___________, caused by bacterial vaginosis, is the most common vaginal infection in women of childbearing age, and it is often accompanied by discharge, odor, pain, itching, or burning.

MENSTRUATION

• In a mature female, each month the uterus prepares for possible pregnancy. 1. Lining of uterus is shed(day 1 of menstrual

flow) 2. 3. Ovulation occurs (egg released from ovary) 4. 5. Egg enters the uterus 6. 7. Lining of uterus is shed(day 1 of menstrual

flow)

FERTILIZATION

• The fertilization of an egg by a sperm produces a cell called a ________.

• Sperm meets egg in the ________________• When the zygote leaves the fallopian tube,

it enters the ______________.• In preparation for receiving the zygote, the

uterine wall has thickened and is rich in blood, which enables the uterus to nourish the zygote.

• The developing fetus will remain attached to the uterine wall until _________.