IV. The War of 1812

A. The Move Toward War1.1. Tension remained high when James Madison Tension remained high when James Madison

became President in 1809.became President in 1809.2.2. Britain continued arming Native Americans in Britain continued arming Native Americans in

the Northwest, and the policy of impressmentthe Northwest, and the policy of impressment3.3. War Hawks believed the only answer to War Hawks believed the only answer to

Britain’s insults was war, while New England Britain’s insults was war, while New England Federalists who depended on trade with Federalists who depended on trade with Britain and opposed war.Britain and opposed war.

4.4. Congress declared war on June 1, 1812.Congress declared war on June 1, 1812.

B. Early Days of the War

1.1. The larger British navy was able to The larger British navy was able to blockade seaports and control the seas.blockade seaports and control the seas.

2.2. The British and Indians joined forces and The British and Indians joined forces and controlled the Northwest.controlled the Northwest.

3.3. In 1813, U.S. Captain Oliver Perry was In 1813, U.S. Captain Oliver Perry was able to defeat the British in the Battle of able to defeat the British in the Battle of Lake Erie and help the U.S. gain control Lake Erie and help the U.S. gain control of the Great Lakes region.of the Great Lakes region.

4.4. In the South in 1814, Andrew Jackson In the South in 1814, Andrew Jackson defeated the Creek Indians and gained defeated the Creek Indians and gained millions of acres of their land.millions of acres of their land.

C. Ending the War1.1. The British attack and burn Washington, D.C. in The British attack and burn Washington, D.C. in

1814. 1814. 2.2. New England Federalists protested the war and New England Federalists protested the war and

threatened to leave the union at the Hartford threatened to leave the union at the Hartford Convention. Convention.

3.3. The Treaty of Ghent ended the war on December The Treaty of Ghent ended the war on December 24, 1814- no land was gained, and embargoes 24, 1814- no land was gained, and embargoes and impressment continued.and impressment continued.

4.4. Andrew Jackson’s forces devastated the British Andrew Jackson’s forces devastated the British in the Battle of New Orleans, January 8, 1815.in the Battle of New Orleans, January 8, 1815.