IT for Disaster Management-Assignment

Management Information System

Information Systems For Disaster Management

By:Dseven

Use for Material Assignment Only

Contents

•Introduction•Business Continuity Plan(BCP)•Disaster Recovery Planning(DRP)•BCP/DRP Implementation and Composition(Fig)•The history of Business Continuity•Major Plan Components(DRP vs BCP)Overview of Disaster Management Projects Dumbo(Digital Ubiquitous Mobile Broadband OLSR)-WISECOM(Wireless Infrastructure Over Satellite For Emergency Communications-SAHANA FOSS Disaster Management System-DDT Project•Malaysia Examples-Disaster Management•Disaster Mitigation Support In Malaysia•Prevention and Mitigation In Malaysia•Malaysian Tsunami Early warning system-Tsunami(Dec 26,2004-Picture)•Flood Forecasting and warning System-Flood In Johore (Dec 2006-Feb 2007-Picture)-SMART Tunnel(picture)•The National Disaster Data and Information Management System(NADDI)•National Disaster Management Programme•Case Study-9/11 Disaster Recovery at Empire Blue Cross/Blue Shield•Conclusion•References•Thank you

Introduction

A disaster is a tragedy that negatively affects society or environment. It

may be natural (Disease,tornadoes, hurricanes, tsunamis, floods, earthquakes, etc.) or human-made (riots, terrorist attacks, war, etc.).

Disasters result in loss of life and property, and disrupt economic activity, besides causing immense misery to the affected population.

All existing infrastructures are suspected to be destroyed by the disaster, including communication infrastructures. Thus, interventions on disaster areas are obviously made difficult.

Management Information System

A reasonable definition of a “disaster,” according to Disaster Recovery

Planning: Preparing for the Unthinkable, is “the unplanned interruption of normal business processes resulting from the interruption of the IT infrastructure components used to support them.”

Disasters may occur without warning, the best defense is “to be prepared”.

Therefore, an important element in any security system is the businesscontinuity plan, also known as the disaster recovery plan.

• BUSINESS CONTINUITY PLAN(BCP)

-Process of developing advance arrangements and procedures that enable an organization to respond to an event in such a manner that critical business

functions continue with planned levels of interruption or essential change. • SIMILAR TERMS: Contingency Planning, Disaster Recovery Planning.

• DISASTER RECOVERY PLANNING (DRP): The technological aspect of business continuity planning.

-The advance planning and preparations that are necessary to minimize loss

and ensure continuity of the critical business functions of an organization in

the event of disaster.

• SIMILAR TERMS: Contingency Planning; Business Resumption Planning; Corporate Contingency Planning; Business Interruption Planning; Disaster Preparedness.

Business Continuity Plan Disaster Recovery PlanDisaster

Event

Disaster Recovery Implementation

Business Continuity Implementation

Plan Assessment Plan Revision

Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Planning, Implementation, and Revision Cycle

Sources:www.syngress.com

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BCP - Composition

The history of business continuity

Disaster Recovery Planning

Business Continuity Planning

Business Continuity

Management

Alternative Planning /

Plan B

Fallback Plans ,

Contingency Plans

IT or Technical

Contingency Plans

Organization wide

Contingency Plans

Holistic

Contingency Plans

DRP vs BCPMajor Plan Components

REDUCTION RESPONSE RECOVERY RETURN

BCP

BRP

DRPBCP = Business Continuity Planning

BRP = Business Resumption Planning

DRP = Disaster Recovery Planning

Overview Of Disaster Management Projects

DUMBO (Digital Ubiquitous Mobile Broadband OLSR) is an emergency network platform development.

K. Kanchanasut, A. Tunpan, M. A. Awal, D. K. Das, T.Wongsaardsakul, and Y. Tsuchimoto. DUMBONET: a Multimedia Communication System for Collaborative Emergency ResponseOperations in Disaster Affected areas. International Journal of Emergency Management, 4(4):670–681, 2007.

http://www.interlab.ait.ac.th/dumbo/index.php

WISECOM project

(Wireless Infrastructure over Satellite for Emergency Communications) is an ongoing project created by the German Aerospace Center and funded by the European Commission.

M. Berioli, N. Courville, and M. Werner. Integrating Satellite and Terrestrial Technologies for Emergency Communications: The WISECOM Project. In Proceedings of the Int. Conf. on Heterogeneous Networking for Quality, Reliability, Security and Robustness, August 2007.

Sahana FOSS Disaster Management System

project grew up in Sri Lanka just after the December 2004 tsunami that hit more than 12 countries in Asia

http://www.sahana.lk

Nah Soo Hoe. “Managing Disasters: Sahana, Sri Lanka.” In BreakingBarriers:” The Potential of Free and Open Source Software forSustainable Human Development; ed. Nah Soo Hoe, Bangkok: Asia-Pacific Development Information Program, Regional Center inBangkok, United Nations Development Programme; New Delhi:Elsevier, pp: 56–63. 2006.

DDT project

Rescue robots and related technologies is a special project for earthquake disaster mitigation in urban areas, launched by the Japanese MEXT9 in 2002.

S. Tadokoro, F. Matsuno, H. Asama, M.Onosato, K. Osuka, T. Doi, H. Nakanishi, I. Yokokohji, M. Murata: "DDT Project: Background and Overview", Workshop on Rescue Robotics - DDT Project on Urban Search and Rescue, IEEE/RSJ07 Intl Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, pp. 1-22, San Diego, USA, October (2007).

Project Type Period Country Minimal Equipment Required

Deployment In Real Situations

DUMBONET Wireless Communication

2006-2007 Thailand WiFi and satellite equipments

Yes, Experiments with two isolated sites

WISECOM Wireless communications

2006-2008 Germany GSM,WiFi, back hauling over

satellite WiMAX

No

RESCUE Software Hardware 2003 up to now

USA Web server, AdHoc equipments,wirele

ss, Communications

Yes, Tsunami Southern Asia (2004) & Southern

California Wildfire(2007)

AdHoc InfoWare

Middleware 2003-2007 Norway( Oslo

University)

Ad-Hoc Equipment No

SAHANA Web application 2004-Still Progress

Sri Lanka Web Server Yes

DDT Project Robotic related technology

2002-2006 Japan Robots systems, intelligent sensors,

information equipment, and

human interfaces

Yes, Yamakoshi town,Niigata-Chuetsu

earthquake (2005)

Overview Of Disaster Management Projects

Malaysian Examples

• Major stock trading organization

• Major airport - early 90s

• Shoe manufacturing company

• Flooding of building basement in KL

• Finance company software leading to malfunctioning of ATMs

• Flooding of electricity substation

• National Power Grid failure

• Fire at bank branch on the 1st day of business at branch's new premises. Substantial damage at upper floor, ground floor also damaged. Was able to resume business on the same day at the previous premise located nearby.

• Power outage for 3 days at Bank’s Head office. IT systems ran on gen set, power was gradually restored by floors. Impact: no A/C, significant loss of productivity.

• The automatic teller machine network of a large local bank was disrupted for 13 hours nationwide.

• Lightning destroyed the main power circuit board of a factory cause a 8 hour shut down of its plant and losses in excess of RM5 million.

• Data Center of a manufacturing company was flooded damaging their key servers.

National Security Division (NSD) Prime Minister’s DepartmentMALAYSIA 21 March 2007

Disaster Mitigation SupportIn Malaysia

Risk Management

Crisis Management

DISASTER

Prevention

MitigationPreparedness

- Prediction and Early

Warning System

Protection

Response

- Search and

Rescue

- Relief

Recovery and

Rehabilitation

- Analysis

- Recontruction

Recovery

Impact Assessment


Prevention and MitigationIn Malaysia

Early Warning System

• Malaysian Meteorological Department (MMD)

– Tsunami Early Warning System

– Weather Forecasting

• Malaysian Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID)

– Telemetry System - Flood Forecasting Models and Infobanjir

• Malaysian Centre for Remote Sensing (MACRES)

– National Disaster Data and Information Management System (NADDI)

• Department of Environment (DOE)

– Air Pollutant Index (API) - HazeNational Security Division (NSD) Prime Minister’s Department MALAYSIA 21 March 2007

Malaysian Tsunami Early Warning System

• After the Asian Tsunami in Dec 2004

• Developed by Malaysian Meteorological Dept.

• Three technologically advanced deep water buoys to be deployed at locations around Malaysia.

• The first buoy was installed near Pulau Rondo, Sumatra on 30 December 2005

• The second buoy installed at Peninjau Island on the South China Sea in early March 2006

• The third buoy in the Sulu/ Sulawasi Sea by end of March 2006

• Dissemination System: Short Messaging System (SMS), mass media, telephone, fax and website.

Deployment of the first tsunami buoy near the Andaman Sea off Rondo Island (latitude 6º north, longitude 95º east), Indonesia


Tsunami (December 26, 2004)

SIGNS OF DANGER: Breaking waves

churning up the silt along the shoreline

FIRST WAVE: The waves crashing onto the

retaining wall of the E&O hotel


Flood In Johor (Dec. 2006 – Feb. 2007)


Construction of SMART Tunnel to alleviate flooding in Kuala Lumpur


Flood Forecasting and Warning System

• Developed by Malaysian Drainage and Irrigation Dept.

• Currently two flood forecasting models have been applied i.e the Linear Transfer Function Model (LTFM) at Pahang River and the Tank Model at Kelantan River

• The agencies involve in flood relief have use the information to decide when they should mobilize their staffs and equipments to the areas that are potentially hit.

• Dissemination System: Warning siren, Short Messaging System (SMS), telephone, fax and website

• http://infobanjir.water.gov.my



http://infobanjir.water.gov.my/

http://infobanjir.water.gov.my/

The National Disaster Data and Information Management System (NADDI)

• Objective: to establish a central system for collecting, storing, processing, analyzing, and disseminating value-added data and information to support the relevant agencies in the mitigation and relief activities of disaster management in the country

• Emphasizes on the utilization of remote sensing technologies, Geographical Information System (GIS) and Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies to provide up-to-date and reliable data to support the three components of disaster management, namely,

(i) early warning,

(ii) detection and monitoring, and

(iii) mitigation and relief for pre, during and post disaster management activities.



NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME

FOREST FIRE

FLOOD

LANDSLIDE

OIL SPILL

HOT

INSTALLATION

TSUNAMI

MITIGATION & RELIEF


9/11 DISASTER RECOVERY AT EMPIRE BLUE CROSS/BLUE SHIELD

Case study

Empire Blue Cross and Blue Shield provides health insurance coverage for 4.7 million people in the northeastern United States.

It is a regional arm of the Blue Cross/Blue Shield Association (bcbs.com). On September 11, 2001, the company occupied an entire floor of the World Trade Center (WTC).

Information assets there included the e-business development center as well as the enterprise network of 250 servers and a major Web enabled call center. Unfortunately, nine employees and two consultants lost their lives in the terrorist attack. But, the company’s operations were not interrupted.

The company had built redundancy into all its applications and moved much of its business to Internet technology, for connecting workforce, clients, and partners.

Forty applications are available on its corporate intranet; Web enabled call centers handle 50,000 calls each day; and Web-based applications connect the huge system of hospitals and health-care providers.

Michael Galvin, chief infrastructure officer of the company, evacuated his 100 employees from the thirtieth floor and tried to contact staff at other locations to initiate the disaster recovery plan. It was well over an hour later when he was finally able to get through jammed communication lines to find out that a quick decision made by a senior server specialist in Albany, NY, had already switched the employee profiles to the Albany location.

This action saved the company days of downtime and the need to rebuild the profiles by hand. As employees moved to temporary offices they were able to log on as if they were sitting at their desks in the WTC.

Doughty, K., “Business Continuity: A Business Survival Strategy,Information Systems Control Journal, January–February, 2002.

The disaster recovery protocol, which is shown in the nearby figure, worked without a glitch. Calls to the customer support center in the WTC were rerouted to centers in Albany and Long Island; customers accessing the Web site experienced no interruptions; and 150 servers, 500 laptops, and 500 workstations were ordered within an hour of the attack.

In off-facility sites, the main data center was not affected; the backup tapes allowed full restoration of data; the network restructured automatically when the private enterprise network was destroyed; and, all necessary information needed at the main off-site data center was rerouted, bypassing the WTC.Besides building in the redundancy in the system, the company had also been testing different disaster scenarios frequently, making sure everything worked. As a result, the company and the technology were prepared to deal with the disaster.

Everything was backed up, so once the servers were rebuilt, all information was available and allapplications were functioning within days thanks to a 300-member IT team working around the clock. Three days after the attack, a new VPN was running enabling employees to work at home.

Since that experience, Empire has made even more use of Internet technology to connect the staff that is dispersed among five temporary offices in Manhattan, and does more business by Internet-based videoconferencing, Web casting, and IP-based phones.

Case study(Con’t)9/11 DISASTER RECOVERY AT EMPIRE BLUE CROSS/BLUE SHIELD

Doughty, K., “Business Continuity: A Business Survival Strategy,Information Systems Control Journal, January–February, 2002.

The objective is:1) It allows us to better understand the various facets of the project and channel our efforts in organizing our work into objectives targeting (a)rapid development of applications for which the technology has reached maturity.(b) more or less long term research on still open issues.

2) It shows that our initiative is sound, and can convince the various actors involved in crisis management, including government, to join the project.

Indeed, the ultimate goal is to implement a technological platform, placed under government control, which offers key services for emergency management.

Conclusion

References

2) K. Kanchanasut, A. Tunpan, M. A. Awal, D. K. Das, T. Wongsaardsakul, and Y. Tsuchimoto. DUMBONET: a Multimedia Communication System for Collaborative Emergency Response Operations in Disaster Affected areas. International Journal of Emergency Management, 4(4):670–681, 2007.

3) Official site of the DUMBO project:http://www.interlab.ait.ac.th/dumbo/index.php

4) M. Berioli, N. Courville, and M. Werner. Integrating Satellite and Terrestrial Technologies for Emergency Communications: The WISECOM Project. In Proceedings of the Int. Conf. onHeterogeneous Networking for Quality, Reliability, Security and Robustness, August 2007

5) Nah Soo Hoe. “Managing Disasters: Sahana, Sri Lanka.” In Breaking Barriers:” The Potential of Free and Open Source Software for Sustainable Human Development; ed. Nah Soo Hoe, Bangkok: Asia- Pacific Development Information Program, Regional Center in Bangkok, United Nations Development Programme; New Delhi: Elsevier, pp: 56–63. 2006.

6) Official site of the Sahana project: http://www.sahana.lk

7) S. Tadokoro, F. Matsuno, H. Asama, M.Onosato, K. Osuka, T. Doi,H. Nakanishi, I. Yokokohji, M. Murata: "DDT Project: Background and Overview", Workshop on Rescue Robotics - DDT Project onUrban Search and Rescue, IEEE/RSJ07 Intl Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, pp. 1-22, San Diego, USA, October (2007).

8) National Security Division(NSD) Prime Minister's department Malaysia-March 2007

1) SMITH,D.J.,ed. Business Continuity management: Good practice guideline. Worcester: The Business Continuity Institute,2002

Thank You

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IT for Disaster Management-Assignment