IT - final chapter

7/29/2019 IT - final chapter

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By:RahmaAlhajri

I.TFinal Chapter

Tuesday, January 29, 13


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Topology

Topology:-The Physical arrangement or layoutof nodes in a network. (LAN)

Nodes:-Computers, Printers, Screens,Terminals ...etc



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Types of Topology

1. Bus Topology.2. Star Topology.

3. Ring Topology.

4. Hybrid Topology.



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Types of Topology

1. Bus Topology:Transmission/ Communicating medium.

All the node communicate through one transmission medium.

If any node fails, rest can communicate.

Collision of data may occur during Transmission. so the data isresend with acknowledgement.

If communication medium collapse, whole network will collapse.

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Types of Topology

2. Star Topology:

All the nodes communicate through Central hub.

Central hub Control & manage data.

If any nodes fail, rest can communicate.

If Central hub collapse, whole network will collapse.

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Hub

Transmission Mediu

m

node

* Central hub: is the different btw Bus & Star.



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Types of Topology

3. Ring Topology:

All the nodes communicate through token.

Token is logical address. which moves in a network in onedirection constantly.

If any nodes fail, whole network will fail.

Collision of data can not occur.

* used in time sharing

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Types of Topology

4. Hybrid Topology:

- it is the communication of any two topologies.

e.g. :



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Types of Topology

Bus Topology

Hybrid Topology



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Types of Topology

StarTopology Ring

Topology



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Modem

PC1 PC2

accept analog

Digital



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Modem

The process of changing Digital data into Analog,is known as Modulation. And its done beModulator (Modem).

The Process of changing Analog data into Digitaldata is known as Demodulation & its done byDemodulator (Modem).

The Speed of Modem is measured in (bps).

The Application Software which allows user touse & browse internet is (Browser).

bits per second



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Server

Server:-The computer which controls & manage the client

on a network, it has the storing capabilities of all thedata of client. Server can also assign privileges to theclient.

Client computer/ Workstation :

-The computing device which is controlled by serverand having low storing & processing capabilities ona Network.



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NIC : Stand for Network Interface Card. a device usedfor connecting on a network Ethernet.

DSL : Digital Subscriber Line. its an advance electronicservice used for sending data over conventional telephoneline. its much more faster than conventional modem.

E-Mail : Stand for Electronic Mail. where user can send& receive data through internet directly through mailserver.

Network



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Video Conferencing : a communication setup between

many users where they can communicate over internet IP.User can use Cameras & Mic so they can talk & watch inreal time.

VOIP : Stand for Voice Over IP.

Virus : an illicit or a malicious code which replicate itself,it had a negative impact on user .

Network



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RahmaAhmedAlhajri

The EndFinal Chapter

T d J 29 13

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IT - final chapter