Issues of Objectivity and Credibility regarding Political news on Social media

CREDIBILITY AND OBJECTIVITY ISSUES REGARDING POLITICAL NEWS ON SOCIAL MEDIA 1

Issues of Objectivity and Credibility regarding Political news on Social media

Area: Media and Social Networking

A proposal Submitted in Fulfillment

Of the Requirements of Proposal for the Course of

Research Methodology

In

[BA Hons. Mass Communication]

By

Aqsa Nadeem

[16-10289]

Supervised by

Anam Muzamill

Lecturer

Department of Mass Communication

Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore


ContentsSummary 4

Key Words: 4

1.Introduction: 5

Changing Landscape of Pakistani Politics 5

1.1 Media & Public Sentiment 5

1.2News Objectivity & Social Media 5

1.3Rationale/ Significance of the Study 5

1.4 RQs & Hypotheses 6

2. Literature: 6

2.1Media attribution & Public Response 6

2.1.1 Contingent factors 6

Media Credibility 7

2.2 Conclusion 7

3. Methodology 8

3.1 Description of Method: 8

3.2 Instrument Development 8

3.2.1 Key Variables (Conceptualization & Operationalization) 8

Conceptulization 8

Operationalization 8

3.2.2 Population 8

3.2.3 Sampling Technique 8

3.2.4 Final Sample 9

3.2.5 Designing Instrument (Questionnaires OR Construction of Categories & Coding Sheets) 9

4. Pilot Study 9

4.1 Pilot Study Sample 9

4.2 Findings of Pilot Study 9

4.3 Limitations/Feasibility Report 10

5. Bibliography 10

6.Annexure I-Instrument (Questionnaire/Coding Sheet) 11

Annexure II-Study Framework (Objectives-RQs/Hypotheses/Items & Statements) 26


Study objectives 26

RQ/Hypothesis: 26


SummaryBefore Independence Day in Pakistan from August 10 to November 28 (2014), Imran khan stood up and held sittings in Islamabad (Mostly), against riggings and initiated the expression #gonawazgo. He demanded the prime minister to resign. Social media (Facebook) was a hotspot for all political party members. This research proposal throws light on how leaders manipulate followers to turn the whole campaign setups. General public having biased approach towards the current government, not only this but PTI (Pakistan Tehrik e Insaf) along with PAT (Pakistan Awami Tehrik) ridiculating PML(N) Pakistan Muslim Leagure (Noon) and PPP( Pakistan People’s Party. This paper will explore if the public responders belong to educated background or there are just random followers who are just going with the flow and what kind of language they use. Content analysis is selected to study respondents, their thoughts, and hopes with their party and biasness against other party on a much larger level.

Key Words: Social Media Credibility, Social Media Bias, Public Respondents, Political Campaigns, Public Objectivity


1. Introduction:

Changing Landscape of Pakistani PoliticsRecently in Pakistan, Imran khan (Chairman PTI) demanded resignation from the prime minister of Pakistan due to riggings in 2013 elections. The term #gonawazgo became a national voice and social media was filled with biased and emotionally driven support from PTI & PAT party supporters during these political protests. PMLN was under a lot of stress lately and faced excessive criticism from everywhere. The thing to note was that PPP played a reconciliation role and there was less hatred from both PTI and PAT to this party given that PTI supporters did scorn PPP for helping out PMLN.

1.1 Media & Public SentimentThe reason to research is to determine whether leaders push their supporters so hard that the party supporters cannot think of anything else except to follow their leader, to ignore their leader’s every unauthentic news and object other party members. Social media is notorious for these kinds of acts. The focus will also be on credibility of news that the leaders post on Facebook as part of their political campaign. Content Analysis of public responses on Facebook Pages of political parties (PMLN, PTI, PAT, PPP) Credibility in terms that we cannot confirm every news/claim that is out there. Public still follows that news without confirming it. The focus will be on biased approach and variation in public response.

1.2News Objectivity & Social MediaThis study is dealing with issues of credibility and objectivity regarding political news on social media in the current political scenario (August 10-November 28) there are issues of credibility and subjectivity specifically regarding political news on social media. To analyze the research problem, content analysis of some of the comments on Facebook as well as questionnaires will help to determine the problem. On a local level it is important that we examine the level of unnecessary negativity of one political party towards the other party. Similarly the world does not have to measure how politically immature we are once this research is out. This research is worth doing as it will help in future to determine that how political party leader on social media grab the attention of the common man and how their biased approach destroy other party’s reputation.

1.3Rationale/ Significance of the Study Considering current scenario in Pakistan, the public responses on Facebook pages of

certain political parties are biased and emotionally driven. Public response is biased and negatively charged towards their opposite party followers. On Facebook, there are a lot of abusive comments against other political parties and

several comments that shows blind response on every post of their leaders, and ignoring the authenticity of that news.

1.4 RQs & Hypotheses RQ-What are the issues of credibility regarding political news posted on Facebook pages

of political parties? Hypothesis-Public responses on social media are biased and emotionally driven


2. Literature:

2.1Media attribution & Public Response In the past, there had been researches where particularly, various types of political

participation were discussed beyond mere voting only. Mainly, from the data collected from 2004 presidential election, the author studied three things. C, A and B. These are cognitive, Affective and behavior in a row. It was clear that solid attitudes lead to various types of political participation. In fact every uninterrupted effect was conspicuous.(Moon, 2013)

When we talk about mass media credibility, it is said to be mainly an attribute of message sources. According to this article media works as an interactive variable. It is an audience’s reaction to media content. Adding to that, audience’s valuation of credibility is a result of individuals’ cynical nature. Further, distrust is mere a situational response This hypothesis was tested by analyzing effects of several independent variables on ratings of newspaper and TV as well as social groups. As a result the respondent’s own group documentation proved to be the ultimate interpreter. (Gunther, 1992)

Examining past three presidential elections, public acuity of a biased news media has increased. It’s a totally different feature basically. Public inspiration was examined through press exposure to the topic of media bias during 1988, 1992 and 1996 presidential elections. Public impact twisted out to be the result of increasing news self-coverage that focuses on general news of bias in news content. The significant thing to note was that the superior claims of news bias came from conventional elites (MARK D.WATTS, 2003)

It has become a common omen that when political elites receive critical news coverage they usually attack the source. The author did two experiments to scrutinize such bias on people who read news articles about elected officials and other people who read attacks on the news source. The outcomes recommended that elite attacks augmented bias and they were operative when they came from politicians of both parties. It proved that the republicans and democrats are capable of manipulating bias. These elite outbreaks disrupt the liability of the democrats. (Smith, 2010)

2.1.1 Contingent factors In This article, a random survey was conducted in Austin and Texas to analyze people’s

perceptions about news believability for TV, newspapers and online news. It explores sensitivities of news credibility for television, newspapers, and web news. The dependent factor influencing news credibility sentiments were interactional communication about news. In the end, results suggested that people rate newspapers as the utmost trustworthy source, though they later refer web and TV. The attitudes about news credibility link in media outlets. Plus a positive tie was found between relational communication and web news. (Kiousis, 2001)

This particular study suggests that as the world is turning into a 24/7 online network, the social networks do less encouragements and more divergence, crumbling and bolstering of preceding principles. The author also suggested that online media passages possess sole individualities that enable them to act as integrity riddles which enhance the fundamentals of trust and inducement to the delivery of news. (O’Connor, 2009)


An online survey about Facebook Group users’ indulgence and their political and municipal input offline was piloted. About 1715 students suggested that they used Facebook looking for information, entertainment, self-status pursuing and to socialize. The information that was interconnected to their community and especially political contribution was more for amusing uses only. (Namsu Park, 2009)

Media Credibility The main reason to conduct survey in this particular study was to determine either

politically concerned web users see web periodical as sound as other broadcast means like newsprint and TV. We know that sincerity is decisive for internet otherwise people will not fancy the internet. The study proved the fact that online media is considered more trustworthy than news modes. (Thomas J. Johnson, 1998)

This article discussed that a large amount of people believe that news media is prejudiced and that direction of partiality is against their thoughts. A large proportion of the community considers that the news media are influenced, and the bulk of these beings contemplate the path of preconception to be in contradiction of their own perspectives. Past research has examined how distinct aspects such as asset of bigotry or extent of party-political association reinforce partiality insights, but petite devotion has been paid to social features such as the philosophical resemblance or variation of private statement set-ups. (William P. Eveland, 2003)

An experimental study inspected the overall belongings of on air and online news. This study involved two unrelated clusters of people chiefly adult and students investigating newscast, online and telewebbing connections. The news credibility was affected by the use of station. If the news foundation was being assessed every time, it was measured dependable. (Bucy, 2003)

2.2 ConclusionThere had been researches on media attributions and public responses before; studies have been performed to know more about agenda setting theory. Similarly the elite hold during political campaigns has been part of research too. Bias in news content, online web content and its credibility, but no one has ever specified political campaigns or parties on social media before. No one has analyzed the content in a limited time set up, although experiments and surveys have been done but not on public only. In some cases, the authenticity of news depended on the medium. Public response is biased and yes it depends on news but in the light of agenda setting theory, public considers the news important which is highlighted by news media only. The past studies have thrown light on how extent of political involvement increases bias perceptions. In current research study, public response will be measured on social media and key factors like news authenticity will analyzed in a specified time span.


3. Methodology

3.1 Description of Method: Quantitative Research Methodology: it is a systematic, observable and empirical

phenomenon evaluated with the help of computational, statistical, numerical or mathematical techniques.

Content Analysis: It involves analysis of texts of various types including images, writing, recordings and cultural artifacts. It includes both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies.

3.2 Instrument Development

3.2.1 Key Variables (Conceptualization & Operationalization)

Conceptualization News Objectivity & Credibility: to what extent the news id reliable enough and facts

based. Public sentiment: the emotional import of a passage distinct from its expression on a

public level

Operationalization News Objectivity & Credibility: to what extent news posted on social media is facts

based and credible Public Sentiment: public sentiments on Facebook’s political party pages are emotionally

driven.

3.2.2 PopulationSocial Media users

3.2.3 Sampling TechniquePurposive Sampling: The sampling is based on larger population of social media users specifically to study public’s response in a certain time period. (Facebook users of selected political parties)

3.2.4 Final SampleCoding Sheet

3.2.5 Designing Instrument (Questionnaires OR Construction of Categories & Coding Sheets)

Coding Sheet

POLITICAL PARTY COMMENTS NEUTRAL SUBJECTIVE CONTEMPTUOUS


PMLN,PPP,PTI,PAT Timeline (August 10- November 28)

The respondent has used facts or given an honest opinion plus there is no excessive party

The respondent has ignored facts and supporting his/her party and accusing the opposite party without concrete proof

The respondent has used abusive words and scorned other party supporters or political party in general.

4. Pilot Study

4.1 Pilot Study SampleThe data was obtained through 40 relevant comments the public gave on Facebook pages from 160 total comments. On an average there 10 comment from each page. The respondent was chosen at random from the timeline August 10 to November 28. Content analysis was vital for this type of study because it was most reliable method to use, through comments we can measure a wide range of biasness and any credibility issues for that matter. The respondents were divided into three different categories .Neutral, Subjective & Contemptuous. Those who used facts while stating anything about their party or any other party were categorized as “neutral”. Those who used excessive emotions in favor of their party were categorized as “subjective” and those respondents who used abusive words were placed in third and last category “contemptuous”.

4.2 Findings of Pilot StudySo to conclude it, I would say that, PTI & PAT fans supported their party no matter what. Public on these pages did not confirm any news at all, even when Imran alleged Nawaz of corruption, false judiciary and unstable government. PPP supporters seemed different and confident about party like they are going to win anyway. However some PTI Supporters mocked bilawal of being incapable for the prime minister chair. PML (N) had more haters than supporters. Surprisingly, public do not want to listen to Nawaz Sharif on social media at all. There was allegation of corruption, on Nawaz being a Jewish agent. Not only this but public just burst out when PML (N) posted a picture of “false propaganda” against them by PTI. The language was rigid, as if the public is on war, a one-sided war against government fed to them by PTI and PAT. PPP’s supporters were not interested in the child’s play by the rest of the party, but not to forget were some comments from PTI and PAT fans who called PPP, PLM (N)’s “daddy”. Some suggested that PPP and PML (N) are in on this whole situation together. On the whole, public is following and repeatedly in favor of PTI and PAT and shouting #gonawazgo whether this shout is justified


or not. There were all sorts of comments plus there were all sorts of reactions one could expect. PTI and PAT supporters frequently commented #gonawazgo, seemed like it was a compulsory comment. It looked like it was necessary for them to say #gonawazgo if they wanted to prove themselves as diehard supporters. There was biasness in most comments, PPP fans supported their party and the comments below were mostly limited to PPP’s achievements. PML (N) posts captured the most hated comments from people of all kinds. People were eager to call them corrupt and demanded resignation from Nawaz Sharif. However, few comments were #gopadrigo. Of all 40 comments, 5 respondents were neutral, 20 were subjective and 15 were contemptuous.

4.3 Limitations/Feasibility ReportNo doubt there was endless content on the social media and relevant too, but public had a lot to say and people were continuously changing their opinions. On social media, general respondents did not say one thing only, they wrote multiple opinions. The content analysis could be valid because, if the respondent wrote one opinion, that comment was preferred in the final sample. The study focused on 40 most relevant comments that made sense.

5. BibliographyNamsu Park, Kerk F. Kee, and Sebastián Valenzuela. CyberPsychology & Behavior. December 2009, 12(6): 729-733. doi:10.1089/cpb.2009.0003.


Kiousis, S. (2001). Public Trust or Mistrust? Perceptions of Media Credibility in the Information Age. Mass Communication and Society, 4(4), 381–403. doi:10.1207/S15327825MCS0404_4

Eveland, W. P., & Shah, D. V. (2003). The impact of individual and interpersonal factors on perceived news media bias. Political Psychology.

Gunther, A. C. (1992). Biased press or biased public? Attitudes toward media coverage of social groups. Academic Journal, 56. Retrieved from

http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/9208174374/biased-press-biased-public-attitudes-toward-media-coverage-social-groups

WATTS, M. D., DOMKE, D., SHAH, D. V, & FAN, D. P. (1999). Elite Cues and Media Bias in Presidential Campaigns Explaining Public Perceptions of a Liberal Press. Communication

Research, 26. doi:10.1177/009365099026002003

Soo Jung Moon. (2013). Attention, Attitude, and Behavior: Second-Level Agenda-Setting Effects as a Mediator of Media Use and Political Participation. Communication Research, 40.

doi:10.1177/0093650211423021

Smith, Glen R.(Gainesville State College, Gainesville, G. (2010). Politicians and the News Media: How Elite Attacks Influence Perceptions of Media Bias. The International Journal of

Press/Politics, 15. doi:10.1177/1940161210367430

Connor, B. R. O. (2009). on the Press , Politics and Public Policy Discussion Paper Series Word of Mouse : Credibility , Journalism and Emerging Social Media, (February).

Thomas J. Johnson, B. K. K. (1998). Cruising is Believing?: Comparing Internet and Traditional Sources on Media Credibility Measures. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 75.

doi:10.1177/107769909807500208

Erik P. Bucy, A. P., & (Department of Telecommunications and adjunct professor in the School of Informatics, Indiana University, B. (2003). Media Credibility Reconsidered: Synergy Effects between On-Air and Online News. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 80. doi:doi:

10.1177/107769900308000202

6. Annexure I-Instrument (Questionnaire/Coding Sheet)POLITICAL PARTY

COMMENTS NEUTRAL SUBJECTIVE CONTEMPTUOUS

PMLN Zr ulfiqaBaloch Nawaz sharif wo Israel jallad qatil hai jo

1


apne prime minister ki kursi ke lia Pakistan ki 18crore awaaam ko shaheed kar de ga or kar raha hai. jaise Nawaz sharif ne bhotto ko qatal karwa dia.

PMLN Anal Nassir So true...he is a corrupt leader and a murderer

1

PMLN Mujtaba Baig No you can't say he is bad he is fine but the fact he took away peoples freedom choice is something im against him for.

1

PMLN Ambreen Tariq "I can sacrifice my government 10 times, but would never compromise on the supremacy of parliament, the constitutionand the democracy" - Hahaha what a bloody joke! PML N attacked the supreme court..how the hell is that respect? As for the constitution you have changed it soo much that it's obvious that the constitution has no importance in your eyes. As for the parliament, mate you got there through fraud and rigging! Seriously do these people even understand the things they say? Unless the people of Pakistan are stupid or mentally retarded I don't think anyone in their right minds will believe a word of this

1

PPP Faiza Yasin We the jiyalaas have full trust in the endeavors of our party leadership.Doesn't matter who comes the ideology remains as it's.The ideology of bhuttoism that runs hearts and souls of ppp .To

1


Those who call him billo rani you are not defaming him or his character. You are defaming your own character. You can't even if you want to.you're only showing your own mentality. You're showing how you were brought up.It's only a shame for you but to your families as well.IT'S dnt mean to hurt anyone or be offensive but it raises question on your parenthood too. It won't make any difference to bilawal but it surely it damages your own personality. Have you forgotten the verses of Quran about defaming people by calling them with bad names. Don't take it as offence but just think about it....

PPP Dushmanta Kumar Majhi Tum sab gaddar log ho. isiliye aapne hi indian muslims brothers ko akele chod kor khud alag boton banaliya. allah tumeh maaf nehi karenge.sare bhutto isitarah mare jayenge. kyun tum log boton ke gaddar ho. isiliye bangladeshi aur baloch bhi tumeh nafrat karte hain

1 1

PPP H M Tahir Khan Mind YOUR Language!Agar Kchh Nahi Jantey, To Bakwas Kerney Ki Himmat Kaisey Hoi.

1


Teray Moo mein Khaak! Tera Berra Gharq Ho, Haram Zadey! Forun Muaafi Maang ker Dafa' Ho Jao! Aor Aaendah Aas Pas Nazer Nau Aa!n

PPP Faiza Yasin Mr Dushmanta Kumar Majhi It was never due to politics of pakistan that bangladesh went away,it was the dirty mind set of indian politics that they never accepted that we have snatched pakistan from them and above all the defeat of 65 war was a harsh blow for indian they planned what happened on 16 december 1971...

1

PTI Syed Muneeb Hussain Najfi A.A. My dear Second Quid-e-Azam Imran Khan, no doubt, Inshallah very soon, it seems that might be Allah Tallah bless you sacred responsibilities to uplift Pakistan in the Comity of World's Nations, therefore, I want to offer following sympathetic proposals for a bright and everlasting future success of PTI under your great leadership :- 1.Selection/Entry of leaders in PTI must be purely on real merit because "Kachi Garoon say darya paar nahi hotay."

1

PTI Tasadduque Hussain Beware of PML N people because they are resorting to violence.

1


PTI Zulkarnain Khoso It's not just Rahim Yar Khan today but each and every nook and corner of Pakistan is waiting to welcome Imran Khan. Not just students but farmers, religious clerics, minorities, shopkeepers, business men, rikshaw drivers men, women and children all are united to support this brave son of land. Zardaris,sharifs and diesels your politics sorry business is over.

1

PTI Muhammad Taimoor Anwer "Go Nawaz Go" protest must be launched in every street on Earth!!! It is only then that this Cow named as Nawaz Sharif along with its Buffaloes will resign and Pakistan will then become an Islamic Democratic Country InshaAllah! Otherwise, a Martial Law is mandatory here to kick start the Presidential American System and to strengthen all the State Institutions!

1

PTI Nina Haroon go nawaz goGo corruption Gogo evils gogo nonsense gogo liars gogo terrorists gogo devils gogo hideous gogo culprits gogo sick people gogo bloodsuckers gogo imperfect government

1


gogo insane gogo filthy gogo greedy gogo hard-hearted gogo oppressive gogo illiterate gogo dogs gogo idiots gogo losers gogo ridiculousgo injustice gogo stupid gogo killers gogo murderers gogo nawaz gogo nawaz go

PAT Muhammad Jamal Sir, please take strong action against corrupts for now. We(Pakistanis) are being treated like slaves here. We've not access to basic necessities of life, inflation is making people psychological patient.We're waiting for your #call_of_revolution.

1

PAT Fiaz Khan Ye aam kr do.Nawaz aur Zardari ka jo yar hai wo is mulk ka gadar hai gadar hai.Go Nawaz Go.

1

PAT Syed Shafqat Ali Dr. Tahir-ul-Qadri has achieved a lot from Dharna, this was the only one dharna. Never mind if we could not get 100% Results, we are moving well in the right direction and entered in the next phase. And people are

1


with Dr. Tahir-ul-Qadri which is proved by huge and all record gatherings at Faisalabad, lahore and Abbottabad and in his visit to Jhang, Chinyot, Athara hazari, Garh morr. These 3 jalsas were bigger than local jalsas of any other party. If ppl were not with him they won't come in his jalsas

PAT Abdullah Bin Laique #GONawazGo, #GoBakwasGo, #GoGhatyaGo #GoNujdiGo #GoZalimGo

1

PMLN Cat King regards gr8 bro truely awesome on words for U just a salute

1

PMLN Muhammad Aurangzebتعالی الل نہیں شک کوئی

شریف نواز سے فضل کے کے تاریخ کی پاکستان

. ھیں رنما عظیم ایک ملک اس نے شریف نواز

دنیا ساری کو پاکستان پلی میں 1998 سے

کا دنیا کو بارپاکستان ملک پاور جوری ساتواں – تھا دلوایا قرار ھونا شریف نواز ایک جوک دلیری ایمانداری، کی

ایک کا الوطنی اورحب زند اور بڑا سے سب

کے ملک اس و ک ھے ثبوت ایماندار اور مخلص ایک

کے پاکستان ھیں لیڈر نواز اکثریت کی عوام

و محبت سے شریف و اور ھیں کرتے احترام

1


اور لئے کے پاکستان لئے کے عوام پاکستانی

دے انجام سر کام بترین پھر اب اور ھیں چکے

انجام سر خدمات بترین شریف نواز- ھیں رہے دے

زندبادPAT Usman Ali muja apni jaan sy

pyara tahir ul qadri1

PPP Hukum Khan hhahah bhai there are lots of people party educated youth why not they were oppointed as a chairman they are more intelligent and they are more educated then Bilalwal. People party need to forward their worker class. this is kingdom dear

1

PPP Chaudhry Usman Ashraf There are ppl in PTi more capable than Pagal Khan y they are not appointed as Chairman PTI. So it’s better for Potians to keep their bloody mouths shut

1

PPP Farhad Kazmi Ye bilo rani tumhy khusra bana ker choray gi pti walo.... Dekh lia tumhara naya Pakistan jab eid gifts distribute ho rahe thay..... Kisi ko mukay to kisi ko latain... Tobaaaa........... Jiye bilawal zardari...

1 1

PPP Stm Cricket Salman ayub ye ganjo ke ya yahoodi ke party nai ye jaany qurban krny walo ke party haPPP zendabad Hafizabad zendabad

1 1


PPP Noman Khan Jawad khan mind in your language khusra to imran Khan hai jo apni wife ko na Sunbhal saka. Shame on u

1 1

PPP Irfan Aryan Thankfulness Lanat hai tum jesay logo par jo fasaaad chahty hai lanti kuttay kabhi tera ghar kay baher asay banday bethay ho or tera maa bhen baap bhai mahfoooz na ho tuj jesay kamino ko jab aqal aigeee jab tak tum jesay jahil log pakistan main zinda hai ya corrupted hukmran zinda rhe gay tum jesay kamino ki waja say lanat ho tum jesay kutto par

1

PPP Ata Mirza میں تاریخ کی پاکستان

کے کے وا ایسا بار پلی کے امریکا اعظم وزیر

کو پاکستانیوں پر ہے پے دورے را شرما سے دکھانے شکل میں امریکا کے جب ہے

لوار پاکستانی مقیم کے کرنے ذلیل کو شریف ہیں رہے کر پالننگ لئے

مسای طرف دوسری والے بیچنے چاے کے ملک

اعظم وزیر بهارتی زار تیس مودی نریندر

گے کریں خطاب سے بھارتیوں ٹائمز زمان مشور جو

نشر الئیو پر اسکوائر کروڑوں سے جہاں گا جائے کیا

. گیں سنیں خطاب لوگ کے اوس وائٹ کو مودی

بطوِر میں اوس گیسٹہے گیا ٹھرایا ممان خاص

کے امریک و کے رہے یاد ، این یو بلک نھیں پر دورے

کی اسمبلی جنرل

1


امریک کرنے اٹینڈ میٹنگ کے اس لیکن ہیں گئے

فارن اُنکی باوجود 100 منسٹر کی افئیرز

کریں ملاقتیں سے رہنماوں کے ملکوں نریندر خود اور گی کے ملکوں ام کئی مودی

میں جس گے ملیں سے سربراہوں، ہوں معاعد تجارتی ام ےگ

نریندر وی ی کے رہے یاد دن چند نے جنھوں ہیں مودی

گھر کے مرلے دس اپنے پہلے کے چائن کر بیٹھ میں

میٹنگ سے وزیراعظم طرف دوسری ،اور کی

وزیراعظم کے پاکستان ہیں موجود میں امریک بھی کرای یومی الکھ آٹھ جو پذیر رائش میں وٹل والے

ام کسی کے دنیا ، ہیں ملنا سے اُن نے سربرا

کے تک یہاں کیا نھیں گوار یو کی وا ایسا بار پلی اسمبلی جنرل کی این

بھارت پاک دوران کے کی منسٹر پرائم

ری و نھیں بھی مالقات ساتھ کے معذرت کے کیوں

پاس کے مودی نریندر کی دنیا ہے، نھیں وقت

اور غالم کے ہے گوا تاریخ کوئی کی قوموں بھکاری

کرپٹ ان کرتا، نھیں عزت کو ملک اس نے سیاستدانوں

جتنا چھوڑا، نھیں کا کہیں کو پاکستان نقصان

خاندان بھٹو اور شریف کسی اُتنا ہے پنچایا نے

نے دشمن ملکی غیربھی اب پنچایا، نھیں بھی

کے قوم اس ہے وقت و جانبدار غیر کے پاس

کے کرے شروع سوچنا کر انھی میش نے اس کیا


کرنی غالمی کی خاندانوں؟ ہے

علیہ اللہ صلی کریم نبی "" ہے فرمان کا اسالم

دو سے سوراخ ایک مومن جاتا ڈسا نہیں بار ""

اللہ رضی علی حضرت آازماے "" ہے فرمان کا عنہ بیوقوفی آزمانا کو ہوے

"" ہےPPP Shehab Shah Haider Yaar

atleast forgive a sick man For Whose ever sake you believe in you should have left him alone look at Mr. Awan's face doesn't it look like he is so annoyed that this jerk is standing with him. Enough is enough the people of Pakistan just dont wannt corrupt and Maharajas like you. Dont you remember anyone who reads my facebook comment that Benazir is herself on the record saying "I WAS BORN WITH A GOLDEN SPOON IN MY MOUTH" where that golden spoon come from. You people no longer deserve a place anywhere in Pakistan just pack your bags and go somewhere else. Let me suggest a country for you and Sharifs and that is Nigeria there the people are very eager to greet your family and the sharifs. I would like to say a few words Regarding Syed Khurshid Shah Khurshid Shah Sahib your party

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wants martyrs to pounce back if you wanna make your life after death much better and blossom your party why dont you tell someone to kill you. This will have two effects one you will become a martyr (your party will portray you as one) secondly, the Pipals Party and i am dead right in calling it by this name will again become a People's Party. Khurshid Shah, quite honestly you are a disgrace to the party and to the nation as a whole. I dont even know how Sindh is even tolerating you

PMLN Sanwal PashaNawaz Sharif had completed his education, in the 3rd division in B.A from Govt College, Lahore as he got admission in Govt College Lahore, on recommendations, and he used to be called in the class as "Kuggoo' because he never used to participate in the class nor replied to any question he has ever been asked by the lecturer, told by his class mates.His father Mian Muhammad Sharif started him in the business. However, this proved a disaster. As a second option Mian Muhammad Sharif set him up with Pakistani actor Saeed Khan Rangeela to get him into acting (something

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which Nawaz Sharif wanted). A few days later Saeed Khan Rangeela sent his regrets to Mian Muhammad Sharif saying that his son was too dumb for acting and movie industry. Mian Muhammad Sharif then hired cricket coaches to train his son for cricket, but his physical fitness was too low for the sport. It is rumored that by mid-day on his first day at training Nawaz Sharif threw the bat down and left the stadium saying, “This is too tough for me.”As a last resort he paid General Ghulam Jilani Khan a considerable sum of money to introduce Nawaz Sharif to General Zia-ul-Haq recommending him for a political post, who in turn made Nawaz Sharif the Finance Minister of Punjab.( Gen. Gilani was not offered money, in fact he had been presented a 'White Palace' made on a 4-kanal corner plot in Lahore Cant and it was worth Rs. 4 crores then, a s said. It was just beautiful with Victorian style round porch with a running fountain in the center. But Mian Sharif, being business man, recovered many '4 crores' out of the son's post of Finance Minister of Punjab, and it was sure that Nawaz


Sharif would not be able to write his designation with correct spellings )

PMLN Sakina Ali U are the yazid of today u evil person u have stolen from ur own people and have not helped the Pakistanis in any way at all i live in the UK however I support imran Khan simply because he is what Pakistan needs!not some person who thieves from his own u will have Allah swt to answer to on the day of judgement what answer will u give to the allmighty nothing will be hidden from Allah Ur days will come inshaAllah Allah will curse u!

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PMLN Ehzaz Ahmad Zahid May Allah punish you!!!

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PMLN Zilay Hanin Khan Our PRIME MINISTER NAWAZ SHAREEF is best and

imran and qadri is nothing but enemy of our countryboth r jealous to our p.mi solute our prime minister Nawaz shareef and pak. Army

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PMLN Zarak Khan there is a big difference between the Pakistan that you (nawaz) are talking about... for you Pakistan is a Gold mine, which you are sucking like a parasite and then you will

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run a way , either to Saudi Arabia or England ... for me Pakistan is my home ,and everything

PMLN Abbas Iqbal Iblis ka full control hai in par. jo kuchh bhi kahain gey jhoot kahain gey aur jhoot kay siwa kuchh nhain kahain gey.

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PMLN Shah Ali Ye Sara foreign agenda ha dear nawaz shareef in k leye isteghfa nahe dena Ye to chahte hi yahe ha k mulk or nechay chala gaye be creative.............we r with u.......

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PMLN Ali Khan nawaz israel abhi tumari zindagi kaam hai kyun ke masoom gareeb looog tum ko baad-dua de rahe hain ke pmln nawaz sharif israel or khawaja saad rafique kaaa intikaal ho ja-aa ameeen...................nawaz israel abhi tumari zindagi kaam hai kyun ke masoom gareeb looog tum ko baad-dua de rahe hain ke pmln nawaz sharif israel or khawaja saad rafique kaaa intikaal ho ja-aa ameeen..............

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PMLN Imran Khan Jo abi b nawaz ko support kr rahe hain meri dua hai kabhi un ki maa ya pregnant behan ko seene par golian mar kar shaheed kr dya jaye or phr jab wo log iske khilaf othe to onhe kaha jaye jab lal

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masjid par hamla hua tha tab to tum ghr se nahi nikle the ab mulk me fasad phelane ke lye kion nikle hoo

PTI Fahmidah Hussain People are dumb who are aware of the plans but still follow these people who planned everything to destabilise the country.What new Pakistan we are happy with the Pakistan our qaid gave no to traitors Pakistan

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PTI Farida Durrani MEENAAR - E PAKISTAN IS THE MONUMENT WHERE WE HAD OUR "MESAAQ - E PAKISTAN"" AND THIS WILL ONCE AGAIN GIVE US THE "MEESAAQ - E NAYA PAKISTAN" IN SHA ALLAH.I have a feeling that PTI Jalsa at Meenar - e Pakisn Lahore will be the last jalsa of PTI because people of Pakistan at Lahore will FINALIZE the FALL OF PMLN AND NAWAZ BADSHAAHAT ." STATUS QUO " KAY TAABOOT MEIN AKHARI KEEL MEENAAR - E PAKISTAN MEIN LAGAIY GI IN SHA ALLAH !! PAKISTAN ZINDA BAAD.

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PTI Masood HZ Imran khan rewriting history of Pakistan with Pakistan loving Grand mothers,Grand fathers,moms and dads,brothers and

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sisters,children and his dedicated political associates ! kudos to all Azadi lovers !Long live Imran and Allama Tahir ul Qadri !Go Go Go Nawaz and company Go Go Go.We_don't need the likes of youWe don't need the likes of CONSPIRATORS sitting in the Parliament and Senate!

PTI Leo Jaan PPPP-PMLN chor dako mulk awam ko looot k kha gay hyn apna aor yahoood ka ghulam bnaya hoa hai

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Annexure II-Study Framework (Objectives-RQs/Hypotheses/Items & Statements)

Study objectives Focus will be public response regarding political news on social media To analyze language of public responders To analyze issues of credibility of news posted on Facebook pages of certain political

parties in the current political scenario of Pakistan

RQ/Hypothesis:RQ-What are the issues of credibility regarding political news posted on Facebook pages of political parties?

Hypothesis-Public responses on social media are biased and emotionally driven

Items & StatementsPOLITICAL PARTY

PMLN,PPP,PTI,PATCOMMENTS

Timeline NEUTRAL

The respondent SUBJECTIVE

The respondent CONTEMPTUOUS

The respondent


(August 10- November 28)

has used facts or given an honest opinion plus there is no excessive party

has ignored facts and supporting his/her party and accusing the opposite party without concrete proof

has used abusive words and scorned other party supporters or political party in general.

Documents

Issues of Objectivity and Credibility regarding Political news on Social media