ISSN 2413-1156 ICEPL August 23-25, 2017, Sapporo, Japanmmpt.pasca.ugm.ac.id/downloads/180905123157ICEPL.pdf · development and knowledge sharing (Uhar Suharsaputra, 2015: 191-193)

ICEPL August 23-25, 2017, Sapporo, Japan

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Ali Murfia* and Fitriyanib

aMaster of Higher Education Management, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Teknika Utara Street, Yogyakarta, Indonesia bMaster of Higher Education Management, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Teknika Utara Street, Yogyakarta, Indonesia *[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Nowadays, new paradigms of higher education have changed significantly. One of

those changes is signed by permittion of higher education from other countries to operate their

education institution in Indonesia with follow the condition and rule conducted (Chapter 90

Constitution No. 12/2012). The condition can be seen from two sides, first positive side as the

competitiveness advantages which strengthen and improve the quality of higher education.

Second, as the negative side, if the rule hasn’t been applied tightly, accurately, and carefully

will make privatization of higher education and appear educational discrimination among well

economic society and low economic society, beside that it will impact indonesian private

educational institution can't operate optimally and even can m ake it stopped.

Ensuring Indonesian higher education to achieve competitiveness advantages and

continuously to the knowledge, character and system, so individual, team, and department’s

effectiveness become important condition. The usage of knowledge is surely main key in

achieving that effectiveness, so that it supports arising the needs of knowledge management.

Knowledge management implementation is very influenced and determined by human capital

as intangible asset adhering with human resource.

In knowledge management context, proffesional human resources view the knowledge

as knowledge assurance owned, achieved, and developed together with others in organization,

Technological Approach in Implementation of Knowledge

Management in Indonesia Higher Educational Institution

Higher education that is based on the human capital needs to manage an organization that

encourages a culture of knowledge creation, knowledge sharing and knowledge utilization

through the implementation of knowledge management. In its implementation, in addition to

people and processes approach, technological approach to be very important and decisive,

because there is not term of knowledge management in the absence of information

technology. Technological approach focused on effectiveness and newest in building the

integration of the user side. This research uses descriptive method, thus systematically

describe, facts, characteristics, objects and subjects studied properly. The results showed that

Bina Nusantara University Jakarta manages Knowledge Management and Innovation

Division through, first, the internet-based knowledge management portal based on Microsoft

Share Point 2013 focuses on ease of access for users anywhere and anytime. This application

has features for user’s personal blog, the storage capacity of One Drive, and Yammer social

media. Second, Binus Maya & Global Learning System. Binus develop BINUSmaya v.5.0.

used to facilitate communication, collaboration, discussion, and sharing of knowledge

between students and students, students and lecturers, lecturers and lecturers as well as

between students, faculty, and companies both inside and outside the country aimed at

improving the effectiveness and efficiency of service delivery to all stakeholders interests.

Third, Binus Website used as a media to communicate the various media of internal

publications (such as newsletters, innovation magazine, the leading edge magazine). Fourth,

Microsoft Lync 2013, which serves as a media of online meetings, chat, voice and video calls.

Keywords: Technological Approach, Knowledge Management, Learning, Application, Binus

University Jakarta.

INTRODUCTION


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so that individual knowledge become organization knowledge that be able to give

contribution to organization performance (higher education). So, the human resource

management has important role in supporting the changes and organization development

which is centered on knowledge through creating organization culture that supports

development and knowledge sharing (Uhar Suharsaputra, 2015: 191-193). Spesifically,

human resources are to be able to add values with develop awareness program of knowledge,

well as separated activity or integrate it with organization development program available.

An organization surely needs a new strategy from time to time, because an external

change requires every organization to think many new ways. Recently, the world has changed

from knowledge become the most important and strategic resource, and learning becomes the

most important and strategic for organization. According to Zuhal (2010), economics base on

knowledge is a system which has owned characteristic; a) based on intelectual asset, not

pyshics or place asset, b) competitiveness advantages will make an organization has capable

of learning and innovating, c) manpower must think critical, and d) mastering of technology

will make an organization has capable of manage knowledge (knowledge management) and

they can learn continuously.

Higher education as educational degree which operate tri dharma, a higher education

has strongest imperative to make knowledge or science as its core business. By remembering

this, so the higher education as an organization which moves in transfer, transform, and

translate knowledge will become stronger, more organized, more implemented and become a

culture in higher education. Those will support higher education to have capacity and

capability which are continuously increasing in facing competition and fast change.

But until nowadays, there are still a few higher educations in Indonesia taking benefits

of knowledge assets through knowledge management implemetation into the higher

education’s system and culture. The study result done by Nikolaus Salo (2011) with the title

“Knowledge Management in Education in Indonesia: An Overview” showed that most of

Indonesian higher education have not been implemented knowledge management as strategic

vision, mission or as comprehensive goal. One of the reasons is inadequacy of media in

accessing knowledge management information and enter into knowledge resource. Below are

organization implementing knowledge management in Indonesia as presented in table 1.

Table 1.1 Organizations Based Knowledge in Year 2016 as Alphabetical

Organizations Based Knowledge

1 Adira Dinamika Multi Finance 6 Rekayasa Industri

2 Binus University 7 Tigaraksa Satria

3 FIF Group 8 Tower Bersama Group

4 Pembangkit Jawa Bali 9 United Tractors

5 Petrokimia Gresik

Resources : Dunamis Organization Services

Binus university, United Tractors, and genetic industries had been chosen to represent

Indonesia in Asian Most Admired Knowledge Enterprise (MAKE) in year 2016. The reward

is the most prestigious reward in knowledge management (KM). These organizations got

highest agregat score, comparing with other winners, so they got the ticket to be finalist in

Asia. In Financial Hill, Graha Building, CIMB Niaga, Jakarta, September 14, 2016, nine

organizations got MAKE Award which was conducted by Dunamis Organizational Alignment

cooperate with Teleos, England. Since MAKE Award started conducting in Indonesia,

participant’s anthuasiasm become increasing and be able to be barometer KM development in

Indonesia. So, in this year, beside of main reward, there are also five organizations got special

recognition reward or show the increasing in managing knowledge, belows are:


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Table 1.2 Organizations Based Knowledge Year 2016 got Special Recognition Award

Organizations Based Knowledge “Special Recognition”

1 Binus University

2 Pupu k Kaltim

3 Tower Bersama Group

4 Pembangkit Jawa Bali

5 Dompet Dhuafa

Resources : Dunamis Organization Services

Based on table 1.1 dan 1.2 show that there is only one higher education has

implemented Knowledge management. It is Bina Nusantara University. Binus university with

2 others company, United Tractor and genetic industries in year 2016 have been chosen to

represent Indonesia in MAKE Award. Binus University has taken 1st position in that special

recognition in increasing the knowledge management. The fact shows that actually higher

education can be leading sector in moving and implementing knowledge management in an

organization. But on other side, supporting the research result from Nikolaus Salo (2011) that

there are many education institution, especially higher educations in Indonesia have not yet

implemented knowledge management as strategic vision, mission, culture or as

comprehensive goal. Realizing that how important KM in making decision, public service,

and organization culture. The government trough Minister for the Empowerment of State

Apparaturs and Reformation of Bureaucracy has issued its policy number 14 year 2011 about

the guidance of implementation for knowledge management program. The implemention of

that policy is not only for government institution, but also higher educational institution.

The success and achievement achieved by Binus University can be a stimulus and help

other higher educations to implement knowledge management or develop knowledge centered

institution. As professional organizations taking part in developing science, higher education

has an important special function for develop a civilization and quality of nation society life.

It is caused by knowledge role and position recently which have been dominant factor in

determining human life goal for running their life role and life in society. Without consistency

for keeping developing science, the higher education will lose their meanings, because they

have been developed based on science progression and advantages for life.

Binus University in implementing KM through make own division, called by

Knowledge Management and Innovation Division, was established in August 2013 with its

missions are (http://binus.ac.id):

1. To lead development, implementation, and maintenance of Knowledge

Management System of BINUSUNIVERSITY.

2. To lead the establishment of “corporate knowledge” and “academic knowledge”

which is integrated with Knowledge Management System and the university Catur

Dharma.

3. Fostering the spirit and innovation culture at BINUS UNIVERSITY to produce a

valuable and useful product or solutions.

4. To conduct studies and innovative activities to improve BINUS University

capability and to take benefit offaculty members research and products.

5. To assist the university and other working unit to reach high Performance Index

related to Knowledge Management and innovation.

In implementing KM well in business sector or higher educational institution can not be

separated from human resources role (people, processes, technologies) as written by Kimiz

Dalkir (2005:3):


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Knowledge management is the deliberate and systematic coordination of an a

organizations people, tecnology, processes, and organizational structure in order to

add value through reuse and inovation.

So, as Petrides & Nguyen said (2006:22) that KM strategic and practice are related with

people, process and technologies function.

...implementing knowledge management strategies and pratices requires these

educational institutions to examine the larger context of information sharing within the

organizations, specifically how their people, process, and tecnology function within it.

The finding results from the research before done by Mamta Bhusry and Jayanti Ranjan

(2012:313-329) showed that implementation of KM in higher education is very needed

because KM combines organization parts into one process, people, technologies. The

implementation of KM based on information technology that become tool technic

management to increase performance in vital area of education and teaching, service, and

administration.

According to background and significance of KM implementation in higher education,

so the research focused on analysis of implementation KM in Binus University on

technological utilization efforts or technology approaches, due to Information technology is

unseparated component from knowledge management. Without information technology, there

will not KM terminology. This research is very important to do to decribe concept or model

of KM implementation as an effort to reach competitive and sustainable advantages which

will strengthen, increase higher education’s quality in indonesia, and support changes and

development of based knowledge higher education.

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT: DEFINITIONS AND CONCEPTS As the first understanding, knowledge regarding concept, according to the experts,

based on their own view and expertise, formulate it in any different formulas. Knowledge is

information combined with experience, contexts, interpretation, reflection, and perspective

(Davenport et all, 1988) and have higher levels, insights and meanings. The definition or

meaning knowledge related with belief and existing knowledge. This thing is in line with

Nonaka, et al (2000) gave opinion that the knowledge is dynamic-principally, the knowledge

is related with the human’s mind. Because of it, knowledge is produced through proccess of

thoughts, interpretation and initiation done by an individual who has received data and

informations (Jorna, 2006).

There are some definitions of KM from some perspective, such as business, cognitive

science, and process or technology. Each perspective will be explained further.

Business overview

Knowledge management is a business activity based on main aspect, here is

“knowledge component management is business activities, directed to strategy, policy, and

practice in all levels of organization and make direct relation between intellectual asset of

organization, well in explicit (documented) or implicit (practice) and positive business results.

Cognitive/Science overview

“Viewed-knowledge, understanding, and know-how practice we owned are fundamental

resources for ourselves to use intelligently. The knowledge can be also displaced in other

forms (such as books, technologies, practices, and traditions) in every types of organization

and society generally. The process produces accumulated experience which will increase

effectivity if it is used right. Knowledge is one of main factors caused an individual,

organization and society behave intelligently.” (Wiig, 1993: 38-39)


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Process or Technology overview

Knowledge management is as a concept, emphazising on existing information

transformed into applied knowledge and available in many forms which can be used by

everybody.” (Nurul Indarti and Dhiani Dyahjatmayanti, 2014).

Knowledge management is a process (Civi, 2000) place to make and use institution

resource or their collective informations. Such Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995) defined Km as a

implementation process of systematic approach to catch, structure, manage, and spread science

in a whole organization with the goal of increasing work fast, reuse the best practice, and

decrease in-efficiency management, proposed by Dalkir (2005) included perspective of

knowledge capturing, knowledge storage, and intellectual asset assessment. The definition is

such as:

“Knowledge management is sytematic intended coordination from organization

members, technology, process, and organization structured in adding value through

reuse and innovation. This coordination achieved through creating, shared, and

knowledge implementation, such as giving the worth learning and best practice into the

company’s knowledge in supporting organization’s continuous learning”

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION:

AN TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACH Understanding the concept and practice of knowledge management in higher education

are interesting and challenging all at once. General society think that higher education

institution and science development, so higher education surely have done KM and run well.

So that thought is not totally correct, even it can be a long discussion matter.

Knowledge as the education product can be shaped in curriculum form and its content,

research result and publication, science development and graduate competences. While

knowledge got from the result of education service implementation such as tacit and explicit

knowledge about guide students, lecturer, administration and finance service and other

managerial things. The second group is same as in non-educational organization, such as

business organization, social and government.

Many researchs and initiative programs done in Indonesia higher education for

increasing its KM. It is happening because awarness appearing how important KM in higher

education. The existing research and initiative are more focusing on two things or one in both

things, first, focusing on the usage of knowledge management technology. Second, focusing

on human resource for build dicipline and new culture.

Focusing on the technology usage done by lecturers who have information technology

background, because of information technology progress ease to do KM, mainly in innovation

and knowledge sharing activities. Information technology is unseparated component from

knowledge management. Without information technology, there will not KM terminology.

The condition like this also supports some organization implementing KM by focusing on

information technology usage. One of strategic approach in knowledge management approach

in higher education is technological approach. To get knowledge management system which

is getting easy to be used safe, support user mobility, and change user behaviour in taking

advantage of KM. The steps done are (1) The technology selection right and user friendly; (2)

adaptation to information technology development; (3) orientation of integrated system and

information; (4) the usage of technology for analysis and knowledge transformation.

TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACH IN IMPLEMENTATION OF

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AT BINA NUSANTARA UNIVERSITY In implementation of knowledge management, in addition to people and processes

approach, technological approach to be very important and decisive, because there is not term

of knowledge management in the absence of information technology. Technological approach

focused on effectiveness and newest in building the integration of the user side.

Bina Nusantara University Jakarta manages Knowledge Management and Innovation

Division with the internet-based knowledge management portal based on Microsoft Share


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Point 2013 focuses on ease of access for users anywhere and anytime. This application has

features for user’s personal blog, the storage capacity of One Drive, and Yammer social

media. Yammer is social media pointed to ease communication and collaborated between

registered internal and external users. Yamer used by Communication of Practice (CoP) and

Community of Interest (CoL).

Binus Maya & Global Learning System. Binus develop BINUSmaya v.5.0. used to

facilitate communication, collaboration, discussion, and sharing of knowledge between

students and students, students and lecturers, lecturers and lecturers as well as between

students, faculty, and companies both inside and outside the country aimed at improving the

effectiveness and efficiency of service delivery to all stakeholders interests.

Binus Website used as a media to communicate the various media of internal

publications (such as newsletters, innovation magazine, the leading edge magazine), lecturers,

and students achievement, activities, books published by Binus Publishing, and other

informations can be accessed by everybody. Academic Product Knowledge Center (APKC) is

responsibility in academic content development. The management of academic product

knowledge is focused on content, creativity, and capability. The management of academic

product knowledge from its content is focused on packaging learning content to support

teaching learning process. The management of academic product knowledge from its

creativity is focused on innovative products and solution resulted by students, lecturers, and

staffs. While, the management of academic product knowledge from its capability is focused

on management system development of KM supporting teaching learning process.

Binus Univeristy is the first university and the only one in Indonesia which its learning

content through digital content availabel and can be accessed by everybody in iTunes (iTunes

University) in video, cooperate with iBox (Data Citra Mandiri company). Binus University

gives facilities to its lecturers and students, so they can online face-to-face out learning

session using application of Microsoft Lync 2013, which serves as a media of online

meetings, chat, voice and video calls. The Microsoft Lync 2013 application is also available

in mobile version so it can be used to send messages and phone using only data packets

CONCLUSIONS Ensuring Indonesian higher education to achieve competitiveness advantages and

continuously to the knowledge, character and system, so individual, team, and department’s

effectiveness become important condition. The usage of knowledge is surely main key in

achieving that effectiveness, so that it supports arising the needs of knowledge management.

Binus University in implementing KM through make own division, called by Knowledge

Management and Innovation Division, was established in August 2013 through, first, the

internet-based knowledge management portal based on Microsoft Share Point 2013 focuses

on ease of access for users anywhere and anytime. This application has features for user’s

personal blog, the storage capacity of One Drive, and Yammer social media. Second, Binus

Maya & Global Learning System. Binus develop BINUSmaya v.5.0. used to facilitate

communication, collaboration, discussion, and sharing of knowledge between students and

students, students and lecturers, lecturers and lecturers as well as between students, faculty,

and companies both inside and outside the country aimed at improving the effectiveness and

efficiency of service delivery to all stakeholders interests. Third, Binus Website used as a

media to communicate the various media of internal publications (such as newsletters,

innovation magazine, the leading edge magazine). Fourth, Microsoft Lync 2013, which

serves as a media of online meetings, chat, voice and video calls. Digital learning applications

supporting critical function is to accelerate the creation of a knowledge management

environment. The authors emphasize that the initiative of knowledge management technology

approach in teaching and learning is used as part of the institutional strategy for creating,

modifying, storing and disseminating knowledge in accordance with the needs of the

stakeholders.


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The writer is thankful to LPDP (Endowment Fund for Education) Ministry of Finance

Republic of Indonesia as our study sponsorwe will return it through achievement and

devotion. We also dedicate thankful to parents, for their prayer and motivationyour prayer

is the way of my succesfull, I will remember your advices, kept in the heart.

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Ali MurfiMaster student at Management of Higher Education, The Graduates School of

Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. Lecturer Assistant at State Islamic University (UIN) of

Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta Indonesia. Research interest in Knowledge Management and

Multicultural Education. Has been published some articles; (1) Comparison of PAI and PAK:

An Overview of Values of Multicultural Education, (2) Comparative on Multicultural

Education Values : Study on Textbook of Subject of Islamic Education and Character and

Christian Education and Character for Junior High School Class VII Curriculum of 2013, (3)

Gender Bias on Islam and Christian Religious Education Textbooks, (4) “Progressive

Muslim” Omid Safi and Issues in Contemporary Islam, (5) The Analysis of Student

Achievement Learning Styles : Comparative Study of Student Achievement in SMAN 1 with

MAN 1 Yogyakarta Class XI.

FitriyaniMaster student at Management of Higher Education, The Graduates School of

Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. Administration staff in Center of Learning Development

and Educational Quality Assurance in State Polytechnic of Balikpapan.

Documents

ISSN 2413-1156 ICEPL August 23-25, 2017, Sapporo, Japanmmpt.pasca.ugm.ac.id/downloads/180905123157ICEPL.pdf · development and knowledge sharing (Uhar Suharsaputra, 2015: 191-193)