IslamBy: Samantha, Hasan, Zaynab, Simon

• Islam is historically believed to have originated in the early 7 th century CE in Mecca

• Muslims believe that Muhammad is the last and final messenger of God. He is known as the founder of Islam

• Islam is currently the second largest religion with approximately 1.8 billion followers and is classified as an Abrahamic religion

• The fastest growing religion is Islam, growing at a rate of 235%

• Islam is the youngest religion

How The Religion Was Originally Practiced

Five Pillars of Islam

• Shahadah- "There is no God but Allah and Mohamad is his messenger."

• Salat- Pray 5 times a day

• Zakat- Charity to people in need

• Sawm- Fasting during the month of Ramadan

• Hajj- Annual pilgrimage to Mecca

Shahada

• One of the most fundamental sayings in Islam

• "There is no God but Allah and Muhamad is his messenger."

• Used a lot in Arabic calligraphy, numerous manuscripts and religious buildings such as the Quran

Salat• Muslims are expected to pray five

times a day although, they don’t have to go to the mosque for each prayer

• Praying is a way of meeting with Allah to be grateful and ask for forgiveness

• Salat al-fajr- Before sunrise

• Salat al-dhuhr- midday after the sun passes its highest

• Salat al-asr- later part of the afternoon

• Salat al-maghrib- after sunset

• Salat al-isha- Between Maghrib and midnight

• Quran 2:43

"And establish prayer and give zakah and bow with those who bow [in worship and obedience]."

Zakat

• Muslims believe they should share their money with the poor

• More specifically they must give 2.5% of there total profit of the year to the poor

• You could give it out yourself or give it to the mosque which gives it to the people who need it

• Quran 2:43

• "And establish prayer and give zakah and bow with those who bow [in worship and obedience]."

Sawm

• Fasting during Ramadan

• During the Islamic month of Ramadan which is the ninth month in the Islamic calendar

• Muslims are expected to fast from dawn until dusk

• You are to refrain from eating, drinking, or smoking of any kind until Maghrib which is at sunset

• Muslims who are under the age of 12, sick, elderly, pregnant, traveling, etc... Are excused

• Suhur, Iftar

• If you miss a day you must make it up

• Quran 2:183-184

"O you who have believed, decreed upon you is fasting as it was decreed upon those before you that you may become righteous -

[Fasting for] a limited number of days. So whoever among you is ill or on a journey [during them] - then an equal number of days [are to be made up]. And upon those who are able [to fast, but with hardship] - a ransom [as substitute] of feeding a poor person [each day]. And whoever volunteers excess - it is better for him. But to fast is best for you, if you only knew."

Hajj

• Muslims are required if they are able go and make pilgrimage in Mecca

• They must go once in their lives if they have chance or the money

• It focuses on visiting the Kaaba and walking around it seven times and join Muslims together to perform acts of worship to Allah or God

• This happens in the 12th month of the Islamic calendar Thul-Hijjah

• The Battle of Badr- The Battle of Badr was a huge turning point for the Muslims because it was the first major military win . It was between the Meccans and the Muslims, who were led by the Prophet Muhammad . They were outnumbered 3 to 1, yet still defeated the Quraysh which was one of the strongest tribes in Mecca at the time

• The Battle of Tours- The Battle of Tours was also a major turning point because it was the first defeat of the Muslims and it took place in Europe between the Muslims and the Frankish. The leader that led the Muslims was Emir Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi who later passed away during the war. The loss of this war prevented the spread of Islam to Europe.

Turning Points of Islam

• Many years after the death of Muhammad in 632 AD, a small group of Muslims formed their own political opinion on who should be the future leader of the Muslim nation: the Shia. However the Sunni is a majority of Muslims.

• When the Muslims moved their capital to Baghdad, Iraq in 750 AD, it sparked the Golden Age of Islam

• When the Muslims lost Baghdad to the Mongols in 1258, many Muslims were killed and that part of Iraq was destroyed

• The terrorist attacks on 9/11 in 2001 impacted the world’s view on Islam and created the word “Islamophobia”

Groups in Islam Sects in Islam

Groups (Sects) in Islam

After Prophet Muhammed's death there was a debate on who the prophet had passed leadership to of the religion.

A group of people emerged whose political beliefs were that Prophet Muhammad's descendants should be the next leader of the Muslim nations

It was only until a few hundred years ago that they were named Shia

If a Muslim is not Shia then they are Sunni which is most of what Muslims are today. Sunnah means "the way of the Prophet" also meaning Following the way of Prophet Muhammad and companions

Differences between Sunni's and Shias

• The fundamentals of Islam has been the same and is practiced in both religions. I.E.: The Five Pillers of Islam

• The only difference between the two, is that the Shia believe that the only people that should rule the Islamic nation, are direct descendants of the Prophet Muhammad.

Modern Islam Religion

How does the religion stand now• Islam is practiced with one God

• Has branches known as Sects of which is the largest denomination is the Sunnah Interpretation

• Strictly Monotheistic religion in which God is a pervasive, if somewhat distant figure.

• Their holy book is called the Quran which is written in Arabic

• They still follow all the five pillars

• Read the Quran which is the central of the Islam religion

The Quran

Myths say that the Qura has 6,666 verses in each of the chapters

It has 6,236 verses in each chapter

There are 114 chapter in the Quran

Each chapter is called the Surah

It is told to be 1,500 years old

Where and How Many

• Islam is practiced in Arabia, North America, South America many parts of Asia, and South-East Europe

• Around 24.1% of the world's population practice Islam

• Which is 1.8 billion people

Evaluation

• If Prophet Muhammed evaluated Islam again in present day, he would be able to recognize the religion.

• The fundamentals have still been the same.

• Muslims still pray 5 times a day

• They still give Zakat

• Muslims still fast during the month of Ramadan

• Approximately 2 million Muslims go to Hajj each year.

Pictures• This image is often associated with

the religion of Islam because the moon represent the lunar calendar they use and the star represent the five pillars regarding the points on the star

• These Muslims are going around the Kaaba in Mecca for their annual pilgrimage

• This is a Mosque where Muslims go to pray

Questions

What are the two major groups in Islam called?

What percent of people practice the Islam religion?

True or False Islam religion believes in more than one God?

What are five pillars of Islam?

When did Prophet Muhammad die?

What does the Salat Pillar say you have to do?

Why do Muslims pray 5 times a day?( what does it do)

Name one major turning point?

Where do Muslims go to pray

Where did the Battle of Tours take place?

True or false is Islam the third largest religion?

Bibliography

Anonymous (Unknown date) Major turning Points of the Islam Religion

https://www.preceden.com/timelines/310504-major-turning-points-of-the-islam-relgion

Salman Khan (2013) The Five Pillars of Islam

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/cultures-religions-ap-arthistory/a/the-five-pillars-of-islam

Anonymous (2019) Islam

https://www.history.com/topics/religion/islam

Anonymous (2014) Muhammad ; Biography

https://www.biography.com/religious-figure/muhammad

Salman Khan (2018) The Golden Age of Islam

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/medieval-times/cross-cultural-diffusion-of-knowledge/a/the-golden-age-of-islam

Remy Melina (2011) What’s the Difference between Shiite and Sunni Muslims?

https://www.livescience.com/33071-whats-the-difference-between-shiite-and-sunni-muslims.html

Work Cited

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shia-Sunmi_relations

• https://www.preceden.com/timelines/310504-major-turning-points-of-the-islam-relgion

• http://www.gojerusalem.com/article/806/Islamic-Conquest-of-Jerusalem/

• https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/cultures-religions-ap-arthistory/a/the-five-pillars-of-islam

• https://www.history.com/topics/religion/islam

• http://islam.ru/en/sites/default/files/imagecache/post_img_300_226/img/story/2013/03/b.jpeg

Work Cited Continued

• https://www.huffpost.com/entry/post-911-islamophobia_n_57d075dfe4b0a48094a75bc1

• https://www.whyislam.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Quran-Zoom.jpg

• https://img.haikudeck.com/mg/86AE5872-0D43-4F8E-B4A7-FFF4223A0B0C.jpg

• http://www.namazzamani.net/assets/img/what-should-be-observed.jpg

• http://www.khalidzaheer.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/zakat-dowry-fizkdr.jpg

• https://www.arabnews.com/sites/default/files/styles/n_670_395/public/main-image/2018/06/13/1221036-115648646.jpg?itok=F0j1NPVh

• https://ing.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/hajj_kaaba.jpg

• https://www.cnn.com/2013/06/21/world/hajj-fast-facts/index.html

• https://www.africanews.com/2018/09/05/african-pilgrims-constituted-95-percent-of-2018-hajj-population-official//https://www.africanews.com/2018/09/05/african-pilgrims-constituted-95-percent-of-2018-hajj-population-official//

• https://www.africanews.com/2018/09/05/african-pilgrims-constituted-95-percent-of-2018-hajj-population-official//