Terrorism & other security-related risks in transportation systems

Isabel Oliveira

Novel Intruder Detection & Authentication Optical Sensing Technology

ANA – Aeroportos de Portugal, S. A. has a consolidated image of excellence on the management, operation and development of airports in Portugal.

ANA’s Group is a solid Portuguese business group responsible for the management of airports in Mainland Portugal (Lisbon, Porto, Faro and the Beja civilian terminal), in the Azores (Ponta Delgada, Horta, Flores and Santa Maria) and Madeira (Madeira and Porto Santo) Autonomous Regions.

On 2013 Vinci has acquired for 50 years the concession of 10 airports managed by ANA

ANA’s Group business portfolio comprises the Aviation and Non-Aviation business areas and includes the provision of Ground Handling, Airport Security and Persons with Reduced Mobility (PRM) services.

Sustainable development and creation of value for its stakeholders are intrinsic to ANA’s business.

ANA – Aeroportos de Portugal, S.A. Company Presentation

ANA – Aeroportos de Portugal, S.A. Company Presentation – R&D + I

Knowledge and technology have become increasingly complex, raising the importance of links between firms and other organisations as a way to acquire specialised knowledge. A parallel economic development has been the growth of innovation in services in advanced economies. Oslo Manual, 2005

ANA promotes high relevance to R&D activities, being involved, as end–user, in several R&D projects on the aeronautical field from several European Frameworks.

We think that the results and ANA’s experience on some of these projects, namely, iDetect4All, CRISIS and TASS (co-financed by the largest European Union Foundation for Research and Development on Transport, Energy, Clean tech, ICT, Security and more) are very interesting and can contribute to DAISY project success. The Partners are researchers, academics, industry experts, security authorities and organisations engaged in related EU projects. So, let’s take a look on them.

CRitical Incident management training System using an Interactive Simulation environment

CRISIS Website: http://idc.mdx.ac.uk/projects/crisis/

Coordinator + ENBRI partners: Middlesex University Higher Education Corporation UNITED KINGDOM) + E-Semble (ES), National Aerospace Laboratory NLR, Object Security Ltd. OS (UK), Space Applications Services SAS (BE) VSL Systems AB VSL (SD), Linkoping University LiU Sweden University of Iceland UoI (HI), AE Solutions AES (UK), West Midlands Police WMP (UK), British Transport Police BTP (UK) and ISAVIA ISA (HI).

CRISIS was a project to research and develop an advanced critical incident management, interactive simulation platform for training security and emergency personnel in airports. This is one of the few areas connected to aviation where training simulators are not available.

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS – website, partners and summary

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS - Real Crises and Major Incidents

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS – Real-world Exercises

CRISIS Virtual Training

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS – Virtual Training

Goal: – To develop a train-on-demand simulation platform,

– That enables training in real-time decision making and response to simulated critical incidents in virtual world, focusing on problem diagnosis and action generation, rather than option selection

• Problem: Infrequent and expensive crisis management training

• Multi-trainee, multi-organisation, multi-level, on-demand, crisis management training simulation system

• CRISIS support both collocated and distributed training across different emergency service organisations.

• Duration: 36-month, 12-partner project, across 7 countries

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS – Objectives and Constraints

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS – Secure Integration Platform

Interactive Simulation Engine

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS - Interactive Simulation Engine

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS - Modes of Training

The 12 Training Gaps: Key Drivers 1. Assess alert

2. Assess risk

3. Categorise crisis

4. Communicate

5. Communicate information

6. Leadership

7. Familiarise with procedures

8. Formulate handling strategy

9. Prioritise information

10. Recognise strengths and weaknesses

11. Resist pressure

12. Take control

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS - Competency-based Training

Realistic Scenarios Real-time decision making Learning to cope with startle and surprise Learning team adaptation Assess transfer of training

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS - Realistic Scenarios

Map view

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS - After Action Review

Communications Analysis

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS - Exercise Planning: Timeline and VUF

Decision Support and Knowledge Management (1) ESPER Complex event processing, (2) Drools Rule Engine, (3) Topic Maps Semantic data structure

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS - Instructor Support

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS - Secure Integration Platform

Multi-modal interaction using an iPad-type of device

Gestural interaction using Kinect

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS - Research: Alternative Interactions

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS - Research: Comms and Noise

Identified training requirements & training gaps using the 4C/ID to develop competency training

Designing training strategy and programme for FDX, CPX and combined FDX and CPX training

Creating a rapid configurable Exercise Planner based on the Variable Uncertainty Framework, VUF

Enable planning for ‘un-thinkable’ scenarios

Designed Secure Integration Platform and architecture to work with Unity3D;

Stress, surprise and startle – lab studies under way

Team adaptation – how to embed cues that forc teamwork to fail and to repair in the simulation world

Data model and connectivity through the SIP between all system modules;

Scenario configuration via the VUF-based exercise planner interface

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) CRISIS - S&T Objectives & Key Achievements

IDETECT 4ALL - Novel Intruder Detection & Authentication Optical Sensing Technology

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) iDdtect4All - website, partners and summary

Website: https://www.eurtd.org/idetect4all

Coordinator + ENBRI partners: Instro Precision Limited (GB) + Halevi Dweck and Co. Arttic Israel, Motorola Israel Ltd, Everis, C.A.L. Cargo Airlines, 3D s. a., ANA - Aeroportos de Portugal S.A., Liege Air Cargo Handling Services, Azimuth Technologies Ltd and S.C. Pro Optica S.A.

iDetecT 4ALL addresses the urgent need for alerting technology for surveillance and intruders detection inside and in the surrounding of Critical Infrastructures (CI). The limited sensing capabilities as well as the very high cost of existing security equipment impose a barrier to implement necessary security means for ALL CIs with restricted areas including those having budget constrains.

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) iDdtect4All - Goals

Project Objectives:

The iDetecT goal was to develop innovative optical intruder sensing and authentication technologies that dramatically reduce the cost of reliable security systems. This will lead to widespread availability of affordable security solutions, allowing more widespread protection for infrastructures.

The iDetecT project developed a novel photonic sensing technology based on an innovative approach using ultra low cost electro-optical components. It will also enable to detect and authenticate objects by a single sensor. This innovative approach is enabled by recently invented very advanced digital signal processing (DSP) techniques that enables distance measurement using continuous modulated light signals (invisible to humans) and requires far less electrical power than existing laser scanning technologies.

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) iDdtect4All

The iDetecT4ALL:

Remote detection of static and moving objects within a predetermined field of view;

Remote Scanning and authentication of optical ID tags (OPID);

Threat identification, tracking and observation - indoor and outdoor;

24 hours operational capability in all lighting and weather conditions and inherent immunity to natural phenomena causing false alarms;

Minimal power consumption and therefore compatible and easily installable in existing security installations using existing infrastructure.

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) iDdtect4All - The System Benefits

The System Benefits Include: Applicable for ALL critical infrastructures with restricted areas. Intruder Authentication – Friend / Foe Much lower false alarm rates High intruder detection rates Low system and operating costs Flexible Installation

Website: http://www.tass-project.eu Coordinator + ENBRI partners: Verint Systems (Il), Athens Airport (EL), ALCATEL (IT), ERNST & Young (IL), Heathrow Airport (UK), BAE Systems (UK), GMV Skysoft (PT), GMV Sistemas (ES), ANA - Aeroportos de Portugal, SA (PT), Real Fusio (FR), INOV (PT), RED-M (UK), RAPISCAN (UK), VITROCISET (IT), IMMERSION (FR), UNIROMA (IT), TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN (IE), IMEGO (SE), ELSEC/ELBIT System (IL), DEMOKRITOS.GR (EL) and MENTUM (FR). Detection of unauthorized entry into a building or area measured by a system consisting of sensors, alerting system and interconnections. Intruder sensors utilized various methods such as monitoring door and window contacts, by passive infrared motion detectors, vibration or inertial, electric or magnetic fields, or microwaves.

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) TASS – website, partners and summary

The goals of the project were to develop a multi-segment, multi-level intelligence and surveillance systems, to create an entire airport security monitoring solution on real time that airport security needs. The system ensure the integration of all physical systems and/or sensors designed to prevent prohibited articles or people appearing on a list of terrorists or potential threats from entering into restricted areas of airports. It has a technical integration with centralized ability to disseminate alerts and information to support the action of security agents on the ground. It must be scalable and adaptable to different types of airport sizes and environments.

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) TASS – Goals and constraints

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) TASS – Technologies

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) TASS – Motivation

Airport is Sensitive and Strategic Public Place

Total Airport Security System

Variety of Airport Security Challenges

Very Attractive Target for Diverse Terrorist Threats (Conventional and Non-conventional)

Airplanes Control Tower

Terminals

Hangars

Cargo Gasoline Passengers

Crew

Vehicles

Cyberspace

Baggage

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) TASS – Concept

TASS divides Airport security control into 8 major airport security control segments (AS-CS), monitored by sensors and sub-systems

Threat scenarios are detected by real-time integration and fusion of these 8 AS-CS

Entire airport Security monitoring and analysis to provide complete real-time situational awareness and intelligence which enable to expedite response to threats

Web based information

sharing

The inter AS-CS and Intra AS-CS cross-correlations create a mesh logic for the fusion of TASS This mesh is the main enabler for TASS Fused Alerts (bottom-up security inspection) and other advanced fusion based features that are shown in TASS portal. Each logical line in the mesh, represents a potential security alert.

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) TASS – AS-CS Mesh as a Main Enabler

Fusion Based Alerts and Fusion Based

Features

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) TASS – POC Scenario Multipoint Terrorist Attack

Segment-3: Car-Bomb on

terminal forecourt (outdoor)

Segment-4: Gunmen

hidden in a sealed cargo

delivery truck

Segment-1: Chemical attack

Segment-2: Two Suicide bombers at the terminal

building

TASS Real Time Detection and Fusion

TASS Fused Alerts

Airport police to intercept the threats

Scenario: Terrorist tries to place a bomb inside an airplane, parking at the apron. Date: 29.05.2013

IDI (Research, Development & Innovation) TASS – Faro Airport Field Test (Portugal)

THANK YOU!