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Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information

Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to

information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities,in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,

and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest

to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of

education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the

timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

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Invent a New India Using Knowledge

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Step Out From the Old to the New

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IS : 6135 - 1981

Indian Standard

SPECIFICATION FOR

SODA ASH, FUSED, TECHNICAL

(First Revision )

First Reprint MARCH 1993

UDC 661.321.1

Copyright1982

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARGNEW DELHI 110002

January1982Gr3

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AMENDMENT NO. 1 JULY 1988TO

IS : 6135 - 1981 SPECIFICATION FORSODA ASH, FUSED, TECHNICAL

( First Revision )

(Page4, clause 2.2) Substitute the following for the existing

clause :'2.2 Volatile Matter Content The material, when tested accordingto the method prescribed in Appendix A, shall show volatile mattercontent not exceeding 2 percent at the time of manufacture and packing.'

( CDC 56 )

Printed at Simco Printing Press, Delhi, India

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Acids, Alkalis and Halides Sectional Committee, CDC 56

Chairman

PROF K. S. RAO

Members

DR J. R. SANG HAVI ( Alternate

Prof K. S. Rao )SHRI S. K. BASU

Representing

Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute,Bhavnagar

to

Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals,New Delhi

SHRI D. S. CHOWDHURY ( Alternate )

SHRI M. L. BHAMBANI

SHRI R. C. BHATACHARYA

Nationa l Test House , Cal cutta

Directorate General of Technical Development,New De lhi

S H R IH. KHAPARDE (Alternate )

SHRI P. S. HARIHARAKRISHNAN

SH RI B. N. LAHI RI

SH R I A. S. NATARAJAN

The Travancore Rayons Ltd, RayonpuramSalt Commissioner, Govt of India, JaipurStandard Alkali, Chemicals Division, Bombay

SHRI T. P. VENAKATRAMAN (Alternate )

SHRI M. PADMANABAN

SHRI ASHOK PAREKH

The Mettur Chemical & Industrial Corporation Ltd,Mettur Dam

Gwalior Rayon Silk Mfg ( Wvg ) Co Ltd, NagdaSHRI M. K. MAHESHWARI ( Alternate )

SHRI N. S. PARTHASARTHY E. I. D.-Parry ( India ) Ltd, MadrasSHRIA. G. KRIPAL SINGH (Alternate)

SH RI A. K. R AO D. C. M. Chemical Works, New DelhiSHRI D. V. N. SASTRY ( Alternate )

SHRI V. N. RAO Tata Chemicals Ltd, BombayS H R IR. K. GANDHI (Alternate )

SHRI P. RAO Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Ltd, CalcuttaSHRI R. K. CHATTERJEE ( Alternate )

SHRI N. K. SACHAR

S H R IJ. B. SHARMA (Alternate )

SHRI G. R. SANTHANAKRISHNAN

S H R IK. V. M A N I (Alternate )

Gujarat Alkalies and Chemicals Ltd, Vado dara

Travancore Chemical & Mfg Co Ltd, Mettur Dam

(Continued on page2 )

Copyright1982

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act( XIV of 1957 ) and

reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the

publisher thall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.

Indian StandardSPECIFICATION FOR


(First Revision)

IS :6135-1981

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IS : 6135-1981

( Continued from page 1 )

Members

SH RI V. S. SAX ENA

SHRI R. C. SINHA ( Alternate )

DRN.SEN

SHRI S. K. SUBBAROYANDR A. N. BHAT ( Alternate )

SHRI J. N. TAWAKLEY

Representing

Ballarpur Industries Ltd, New Delhi

Indian Soap and Toiletries Makers' Association,Bombay

Hindustan Lever Ltd, Bombay

Indian Dyestuff Industries Ltd, BombaySHRI N. R. FADNIS ( Alternate )

SHRI S. S. THAKUR Indian Paper Mills Association, CalcuttaSHRI N. K. GUPTA ( Alternate )

DR M. S. VAIDYA

SHRI H. K. VENKATARAMAIAHDR K. M. VERMA

SHRI B. R. WALAVALKAR

Dharamsi Morarji Chemical Co Ltd, Bombay

Hindustan Organic Chemicals Ltd, RasayaniFertilizer ( Planning and Development ) India Ltd,Sindri

Saurashtra Chemicals, PorbandarSHRI L. K. MALAVIYA ( Alternate )

DR HARI BHAGWAN,

Director ( Chem )Director General, ISI (Ex-officio Member )

Secretary

SHRI S. K. MATHUR

Deputy Director ( Chem ), ISI

Alkalis and Allied Products Subcommittee, CDC 56 : 2

Convener

SHRI B. R. WALAVALKAR

Members

Saurashtra Chemicals, Porbandar

SHRI L. K. MALAVIYA ( Alternate to

Shri B. R. Walavalkar )SHRI M. L. BHAMBANI

SHRI M. V. DESAI

DR J. M. TU RE L ( Alternate )

SHRI P. S. HARIHARAKRISHNANSH RI JA I. GOPAL JAIN

SHR I R. N. M ODY

Na tional Test House, Calc utt aThe Atul Products Ltd, Atul

Travancorc Rayons Ltd, RayonpuramDhrangadhra Chemical Works Ltd, DhrangadhraIndian Soap & Toiletries Makers' Association,

BombaySHRI R. S. VAIDYANATHAN ( Alternate )

SHRI A. S. NATARAJAN Standard Alkali, BombaySHRI T. P. VENKATARAMAN ( Alternate )

SH RI M. R. RAMACHANDRAN Ta ta Chemicals Ltd, Mith apurSHRI S. GANAPATHY ( Alternate )

SHRI RAMESH CHAND All India Glass Mfrs' Association, New DelhiSHRI C. K. L. SOMANY (Alternate )

SHRI D. SESHASAYEE Mett ur Chemical & Industrial Corporation Lt d,Mettur Dam

SHRI R. V. RAMANI ( Alternate )

SHRI M. P. SHENOY

SH RI R. C. SIN HA

SHRIT. L. BOLIA(Alternate )SHRI J. N. TAWAKLEY

SHRI N. R. FADNIS (Alternate )

SHRI S. S. THAKUR

Tata Oil Mills Co Ltd, BombayBallarpur Industries Ltd, Yamunanagar

India n Dyestuff Industries Ltd , Bombay

Indian Paper Mills Association, CalcuttaSHRI P. L. BURMAN ( Alternate )

2

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IS : 6135 - 1981

Indian Standard

SPECIFICATION FOR


(First Revision)

0 . F O R E W O R D0.1 This Indian Standard ( First Revision ) was adopted by the IndianStandards Institution on 1 October 1981, after the draft finalized by theAcids, Alkalis and Halides Sectional Committee had been approved

by the Chemical Division Council.

0.2 This Indian Standard was originally issued in 1971. Th e SectionalCommittee responsible for its preparation decided to revise it in thelight of the progress made by the industry. In the revised standard, theminimum limit for alkalinity has been raised from 96 to 97 percent and

the maximum limit for sulphate has been lowered to 1.5 percent. Thematerial is hygroscopic and it absorbs moisture and carbon dioxidefrom the atmosphere. An adjustment in the mass of the mater ial has,therefore, been permitted in the present revision if the volatile matterexceeds 2 percent.

0.3 Soda ash, fused, is mainly used in foundries for ferious castings forthe removal of sulphur from pig iron. It melts high up in the cupolastack where it fluxes with limestone and helps to speed up the combustionreactions and restricts the oxidising melting zone at the tuyeres. It

thereby gives sound castings with superior grain structure and, being agood degasifier, minimizes the blow hole defects. It also impartsfluidity to the slag, thus ensuring smoother and continuous cupolaoperation.

0.4 Soda ash, fused, is sold under various trade names. It is the fusedand densified form of soda ash, technical, and comes in the form of pigsweighing 1.0 0.2 kg each. In this form, it is less liable to weatheringand deterioration. It is mainly soda ash and does not crumble and dust.It has a fusion point of about 850C. It does not require any specialstorage facilities.

0.5 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement ofthis standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated,expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in

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IS : 6135 - 1981

accordance with IS : 2-1960*. The number of significant places retained

in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specifiedvalue in this standard.

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard prescribes the requirements and the methods ofsampling and test for soda ash, fused, technical.

2. REQUIREMENTS

2.1 Description The material shall be in the form of light greypigs weighing about 1.0 0.2 kg.

2.2 Volatile Matter Content The material, when tested accordingto the method prescribed in Appendix A, shall show volatile mat tercontent not exceeding 2 percent.

2.2.1 If the material shows a volatile matter exceeding 2 percent, thedelivery mass shall be adjusted as prescribed below:

Mass of material to be credited =

where

M = mass in g of the material actually delivered, and

A = percentage of volatile mat ter in the material asdelivered.

2.3 The material, when tested according to the methods prescribed inAppendix B, shall comply with the requirements given in Table 1.Reference to the relevant clauses of Appendix B is given in col 4 of thetable.

3. PACKING AND MARKING

3.1 Packing Fifty to fifty five pigs shall be packed in double gunnybags with grass packing weighing approximately 50 kg net or as agreedto between the purchaser and the supplier.

3.2 Marking Each package shall be marked with the manufacturer'sname or trade-mark, if any, mass of the material in the containerand batch number.

*Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised).

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IS:6135-1981

S L

No .

(1)

i)

ii)

iii)

iv)

v)

TABLE 1 REQU IREME NTS FOR SODA ASH, FUSED, TECHNICAL

(Clause2.3 )

CHARACTERISTIC

(2)

Total alkalinity ( as Na2CO2 ), percentby mass, Min

Mat te r insoluble in wat er, percent bymass, Max

Sulphat e ( as Na2SO4 ), percen t bymass, Max

Chlorides ( as NaCl ), percent by mass,Max

Iron ( as Fe 2 O 3 ), percent by mass, Max

REQUIREMENT

( ON DRY BASIS )

(3)

97.0

0.3

1.5

1.0

0.10

METHOD OF

TEST ( REF

TO CL NO. IN

APPENDIX B )

(4)

B-3

B-4

B-5

B-6

B-7

3.2.1 The bags may also be marked with the ISI Certification Mark.

NOTE The use of the IS I Certification Mar k is governed by the provisions of theIndian Standards Institution (Certificati on Ma rk s) Act and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder . Th e ISI Mark on products covered by an Indian Standar dconveys the assurance th at they have been prod uced to comply with the requir e

ments of that standard under a well-defined system of inspection, testing and qualitycont rol which is devised and supervised by ISI and operated by the produce r. ISImarked products are also continuously checked by ISI for conformity to thatstandard as a further safeguard. Detail s of conditions under which a licence for th euse of the ISI Certification Mar k may be granted to manufac turers or processorsmay be obtained from the Indian Standards Institution.

4. SAMPLING

4.1 Representative samples of the material shall be drawn and adjudgedat prescribed in Appendix C.

A P P E N D I X A

( Clause2.2 )

DETERMINATION OF VOLATILE MATTER CONTENT

A-1. PROCEDURE

A-1.1 Place about 2 g of the material (seeB-2.1 ) in a weighing bottle

provided with a stopper and weigh accurately. Remove the stopper andheat for 1 h at a temperature of 250 to 300 C. Cool in a desiccator.Place the stopper and weigh. Repeat until the mass remains constant.

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IS : 6135 - 1981

A-2. CALCULATION

Volatile matter content,percent by mass =

where

M1 = mass in g of the material before heating, and

M2 = mass in g of the material after heating.

A P P E N D I X B(Clause2.3 andTable1 )

METHOD OF TEST FOR SODA ASH, FUSED, TECHNICAL

B-1. QUALITY OF REAGENTS

B-1.1 Unless specified otherwise, pure chemicals and distilled water

(see IS : 1070-1977* ) shall be used in tests.

NOTE 'Pure chemicals' shall mean chemicals that do not contain impuritieswhich affect the results of analysis.

B-2. PREPARATION OF THE SAMPLE

B-2.1 Powder about 20 g of the material and pass it through 250-micronIS sieve and use this material for the determination of voltatile mattercontent. Use this prepared sample for further analysis.

B-3. DETERMINATION OF TOTAL ALKALINITY

B-3.1 Reagents

B-3.1.1 Standard Hydrochloric Acid 1 N.

B-3.1.2 Methyl Orange Indicator Solution Dissolve 0.01 g of methylorange in 100 ml of water.

B-3.2 Procedure Weigh accurately about 1 g of the prepared sample.Transfer it completely to a 500-ml conical flask and dissolve it in 100

ml of water. Add 4 drops of methyl orange indicator solution andtitrate with standard hydrochloric acid.

*Specification for water for general laboratory use (second revision).

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IS : 6135 - 1981

B-3.3 Calculation

Total alkalinity ( as Na2 CO3 ),percent by mass =

where

A = volume in ml of standard hydrochloric acid used intitration,

N = normality of standard hydrochloric acid, and

M= mass in g of the material taken for the test.

B-4. DETERMINATION OF MATTER INSOLUBLE IN WATERB-4.1 Procedure Weigh accurately about 10 g of the preparedsample ( seeB-2 ). Transfer it to a 400-ml beaker, add about 100 ml offreshly boiled distilled water and boil the soultion for about 10 minutes.Filter through a weighed sintered glass crucible ( G No. 4 ) or Goochcrucible. Wash thoroughly with hot water and dry to constant mass at110 5C.

B-4.2 Calculation

Matter insoluble water,percent by mass =

where

M1 = mass in g of the residue, and

M2 = mass in g of the material taken for the test.

B-5. DETERMINATION OF SULPHATES

B-5.1 Reagents

B-5.1.1Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid SeeIS : 265-1976*.

B-5.1.2Barium Chloride Solution 10 percent (m/v).

B-5.2 Procedure Dissolve about 5 g of the prepared sample( seeB-2 ), accurately weighed, in 100 ml of water and add concentratedhydrochloric acid to make the solution slightly acidic . Boil well todecompose the carbonates. Cool, filter through a folded filter paper andwash the filter paper thoroughly, collecting the filtrate and washing in a500-ml beaker. Dilute combined filtrate and washings to about 250 ml,

boil and add 10 ml of hot barium chloride solution to the boiling solution.

*Specification for hydrochloric acid (second revision).

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IS : 6135 - 1981

Boil again for 2 min, let it stand for 4 h and filter through a tared Goochcrucible or sintered glass crucible G 4. Wash the precipitate free fromchlorides and dry to constant mass at 110 5C

B-5.3 Calculation

Sulphates ( as Na 2 SO4 ),percent by mass =

where

C = ma ss in g of th e precip itat e, a nd

M = mass in g of material taken for the test.

B-6. DETERMINATION OF CHLORIDES

B-6.1 Reagents

B-6.1.1 Concentrated Nitric Acid see IS : 264-1976*.

B-6.1.2 Standard Silver Nitrate Solution 0.1 N.

B-6.1.3 Nitrobenzene

B-6.1.4 Standard Ammonium Thiocyanate Solution 0.1 N.

B-6.1.5 Ferric Ammonium Sulphate Indicator Solution Saturated.

B-6.2 Transfer about 2 g of the prepared sample, ( seeB-2 ), accuratelyweighed, to a conical flask, neutralise with concentrated nitric acid andthen add 5 ml of the acid in excess. Add 20 ml of standard silvernitrate solution. Add 3 ml of nitrobenzene and shake vigorously.Titrate with standard ammonium thiocyanate solution using ferricammonium sulphate indicator. Carry out a blank using 20 ml ofstandard silver nitrate solution.

B-6.3 Calculation

Chlorides ( as NaCl ),percent by mass =

where

V1 = volume in ml of standard ammonium thiocyanatesolution required for 20 ml standard silver nitra tesolution,

V2 = volume of standard ammonium thiocyanate solutionused in B-6.2,

*Specification for nitric acid (second revision).

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IS : 6135 - 1981

C-1.1 Samples shall not be taken in an exposed place.

C-1.2 The sampling instrument and sample containers shall be cleanand dry.

C-1.3 After filling, sample containers shall be sealed air-tight andmarked with full details of sampling.

C-2. SCALE OF SAMPLING

C-2.1 Lot In any consignment, material of the same grade andbelonging to one batch of manufacture shall constitute a lot.

C-2.2 For ascertaining the conformity of the lot to the requirements ofthe specification, tests shall be carried out for each lot separately. Thenumber of pigs ( n ) to be selected for the purpose depends on the sizeof the lot ( N ) and shall be in accordance with Table 2.

TABLE 2 SCALE OF SAMPLING

LOT SIZE

(N)

(1)

U p to 50

51 to 100

101 to 300

301 to 500

501 and above

SAMPLE SIZE

(n)

(2)

3

4

5

7

10

C-2.3 The pigs of soda ash shall be selected equally from the gunnybags. If there are more than 10 gunny bags in the lot, selection of

10 bags shall be made at random. For random selection proceduresIS : 4905-1968* may be referred to.

C-3. PREPARATION OF TEST SAMPLES

C-3.1 From each of the pigs selected under C-2, 50 g of soda ash shallbe collected. These portions, termed as individual samples, shall beused for making prepared samples as prescribed under B-2.1. Thereshall be as many prepared samples as the number of pigs selected inthe sample. The remaining portions of individual samples shall bemixed together to give a composite sample of mass 100 g. Composite

sample also shall be treated as prescribed in B-2.1 for further analysis.

*Methods for random sampling.

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IS : 6135 - 1981

C-4. NUMBER OF TESTS AND CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY

C-4.1 Test for total alkalinity shall be performed on individual samples.

Tests for all the other characteristics shall be conducted on the compositesample.

C-4.2 If a test result on total alkalinity is denoted by then the criteriafor accepting the lot in respect of this characterist ic ( 0.4 R ) shall

be greater than or equal to 96.0, where and R stand for the mean andrange of test results.

C-4.3 For all other characteristics mentioned in Table 1, the compositesample shall satisfy the corresponding requirements if the lot is to beaccepted under this clause.

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B U R E A U O F I N D I A N S T A N D A R D S

Headquarters:

Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI 110002

Talephones : 331 01 31, 331 13 75 Telegrams : Manaksanatha

( Common to all offices )RegionalOffices:Central : Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg,

NEW DELHI-110002*Eastern : 1/14 C.I.T. Scheme VII M, V. I. P. Road,

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Telephones

331 01 31331 13 75

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*Sales Office in Calcutta is at 5 Chowringhee Approach, P.O. PrincepStreet, Calcutta 700072

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