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Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information
Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a
practical regime of right to
information for citizens to secure access to information under
the control of public authorities,in order to promote transparency
and accountability in the working of every public authority,
and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian
Standards is of particular interest
to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those
engaged in the pursuit of
education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is
made available to promote the
timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner
to the public.
!"#$% '(%)
!"# $ %& #' (")* &" +#,-.Satyanarayan Gangaram
Pitroda
Invent a New India Using Knowledge
/0)"1 &2 324 #' 5 *)6Jawaharlal Nehru
Step Out From the Old to the New
7"#1&"8+9&"), 7:1&"8+9&")Mazdoor Kisan Shakti
Sangathan
The Right to Information, The Right to Live
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IS 14572 : 1998
(Reaffirmed - 2012)
Indian Standard
CHLOROFORM CODE OF SAFETY
ICS 13.30 0
BIS 1998
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR
MARGNEW DELHI 11000 2
July1998 Price Group 3
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Chemical Hazards Sectiona l Committee , CHD 007
FOREWORD
This India n Standar d wa s adopte d by Burea u o f Indian
Standards , afte r the draf t finalize d b y th e Chemica l
Hazards Sectiona l Committee ha d been approve d by th e Chemica
l Division Council.
Chloroform i s widely use d in the manufacture o f
chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant s and propellants . I t i s used a
s
solvent for waxes, fats , oils , resins , i n the extraction and
purification of penicillin and othe r pharmaceuticals,
in th e manufactur e o f artificial silk , plastics , floo r
polishe s an d i n sterilizatio n o f catgut. I t i s als o use d i
n
analytical chemistr y a s a reagent/solvent .
The majo r hazar d o f chloroform arise s i n repeate d exposur
e t o lo w atmospheri c concentration s whic h ma y
result in damage to liver, kidneys and heart. In high
concentrations, it is sterilization of catgut. In high
concentrations,it is narcotic and effective anaesthet ic. It s
contact with skin and mucous membranes may produce local irritation
.
In th e preparation of this standard , assistanc e has been
derived from the following publications :
a) Chemica l Safet y Dat a Shee t SD-8 9 on Chlorofor m (1974)
;
b) 'Chloromethanes ' Technica l and Engineering Service Bulletin
No. 21 (1966). Allie d Chemical Corporation,
USA;
c) Dangerou s Propertie s of Industrial Materials ( N . Irvin g
Sax ) (1984) ; and
d) NIOSH/OSH A Pocket Guid e to Chemica l Hazard s (1978) .
The Committee responsibl e fo r th e formulation o f this
standar d i s give n i n Anne x A .
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AMENDMENT NO. 2 AUGUST 2007TO
IS 14572 : 1998 CHLOROFORM CODE OF SAFETY
(Page2,clause 5.1.1) Substitute the following for the
existing:
'Threshold Limit Value - ACGIH Threshold Limi t Value (TLV-TWA)
10 ppm
ACGIH (TLV-TWA) - The TWA concentration for a conventional 8 h
work day
and 4 0 h wor k week , t o whic h i t i s believe d that nearl y
al l worker s ma y b e
repeatatedly exposed, day after day for lifetime without adverse
effect.'
[Page2,clause 5.4(a)] Add the following at the end:
'Chloroform i s a confirmed animal carcinogen. '
(Page4,clause 9.3) Add the following new clause at the end:
'10 FIRST AID MEASURES
10.1 Inhalation Remov e t o fres h air . I f no t breathing ,
giv e artificia lrespiration. I f breathin g is difficult, give
oxygen. Get medical attention.
10.2 Ingestion I f swallowed, D O NOT INDUC E VOMITING . Giv e
larg e
quantities of water. Never give anything by mouth to an
unconscious person. Getmedical attention immediately .
10.3 Skin Contact Immediatel y flush skin with plenty o f water
for at leas t 1 5
minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Ge t
medical attention
immediately. Was h clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes
before reuse.
10.4 Eye Contact Immediately flus h eyes with plenty o f water
for at least 1 5minutes, liftin g lowe r an d uppe r eyelid s
occasionally . Ge t medica l attentio n
immediately.
10.5 Note to Physician Becaus e kidne y an d live r effect s may
b e delayed ,
keep victim unde r observation fo r 24 t o 48 h . Administratio
n of fluids may hel pto preven t kidney failure . Obtai n bloo d
glucose , urinalysis , live r functio n tests,chest X-ray, and
monitor cardiac functio n an d fluid/electrolyt e status . Monito
r
1
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Amend No. 2 to IS 14572 : 1998
liver an d kidne y functio n fo r 4 t o 5 day s afte r exposure
. Disulfiram , it smetabolites, an d a hig h carbohydrate die t
appear t o protect somewha t agains tchloroform to city . Do not
give adrenalin. Tests may show increased bilirubin,
ketosis, lowered blood prothombin, and fibrogen.'
(CHD 8)
Reprography Unit, BIS, New Delhi, India
2
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AMENDMENT NO. 1 SEPTEMBER 2004TO
IS 14572 : 1998 CHLOROFORM CODE OF SAFETY
(Page 1,clause4.1.4) Inser t the following at the end:
'4.1.5CAS Registry No. : 67-66- 3
4.1.6U N No. : 1888 '
(Page 1 ,clause4.2.2) Substitute the following for the
existing:
'4.2.2Odour Pleasant, sweetish, ethereal odour , non-irritant.
'
(Page 2 ,clause 5.1.2,line 2 ) Substitute '50 0 pp m ( 2 50 0
mg/m 3)'for '1 00 0 ppm (5 000 mg/m3)'.
(Page 2,clause5.1.2) Insert the following at the end and
renumber thesubsequent clauses:
'5.1.3OSH A PEL , STEL 5 0 ppm (240 mg/m3)'
[Page 2,clause5.4(a) ] Insert the following at the end:
'It may cause birth defects'.
(Page3,clause 6.3.1) Insert the following at the end:
'For exposur e rang e >5 0 t o
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IS 14572 : 1998
Indian Standard
CHLOROFORM CODE OF SAFETY
1 SCOPE
1.1Thi s code describes the properties of chloroform;the nature
o f hazards associate d with it ; persona lprotective equipment;
storage, handling, labelling andtransportation; spillage/leakage
and waste disposal;fire prevention and fire fighting; training and
healthmonitoring; and first aid.
1.2This code does not dea l with specifications ofchloroform or
for design of building or plants, storage
vessels and equipments for operational control.2 REFERENCES
The Indian Standards listed below contain provisionswhich throug
h referenc e i n thi s text , constitut eprovisions of this Indian
Standard. A t the time ofpublication, the editions indicated were
valid. Al lstandards ar e subjec t t o revision , an d partie s t
oagreements base d o n thi s India n Standar d ar eencouraged to
investigate the possibility of applyingthe mos t recen t edition s
o f the India n Standard sindicated below:
IS No. Title
4155 : 1966 Glossar y of terms relating to chemicaland radiation
hazards and hazardouschemicals
4167 : 1980 Glossar y o f term s relatin g t o ai rpollution(
first revision)
3 TERMINOLOGY
3.1For the purpose of this code, the definitions givenin IS 4155
and IS 4167 shall apply.
4 GENERAL PROPERTIES
4.1 General Information
4.1.1Common NameChlorofor m
4.1.2Chemical Name Trichloromethane,methyl trichloride
4.1.3Chemical FormulaCHCl 3
4.1.4Molecular Mass 119.38
4.2 Physical Properties
4.2.1Physical StateColourles s volatil eliquid
4.2.2OdourPleasant , sweetish ,non-irritant
4.2.3Light SensitivityDecompose s a tordinary temperature,
insunlight in the absenceof air and in the dark inthe presenc e o f
air .Phosgene is one of theoxidative decompositionproducts
4.2.4Freezing Point 63.5 C
4.2.5Boiling Point61.2 C
4.2.6Specific Gravity1.4 9 at 15C(Liquid)
4.2.7Vapour Density 4. 1(air=l)
4.2.8Vapour Presssure6 1 mm Hg at 0C200 mm Hg at 25.9C526 mm Hg
at 50C
4.2.9Hygroscopicity Hygroscopi c
4.2.10Miscibility Immiscibl e with water .Miscible with alcohol
,ether, benzene, solventnaphtha an d carbo ntetrachloride
4.3 Chemical Properties
4.3.1I n presence of excess moisture, strong alkalies,sunlight
and high temperatures chloroform decomposesto highly toxic phosgene
and hydrochloric acid.
4.3.2Dangerous interchemical reactions are possiblewith certain
chemicals as under:
a) Aceton e Violen t reactio n i nthe presenc eof potassiu
mhydroxide;
b) Aluminiu m (powder) Possible explosion;
c) Dinitrogentetraoxid e Explosion b yimpact;
d) Fluorin e Violen t reaction;
1
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IS 14572 : 1998
Table 1 Effects of Various Atmospheric Concentrations of
Chloroform
(Clause5.3)
Sl No.
(1)
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
vi)
vii)
viii)
Concentration
mg/m3pp m
(2)
70 000-80 00 0
20 000
7 200
5 000
4 900
1 900
1 000-1 5 000
100 - 350
(3)
14 336-16 384
4 096
1 475
1 024
1 000
389
205 - 307
20-70
Response
(4)
Narcotic limitin g concentratio n
Vomitting, sensatio n o f fainting
Dizziness an d salivatio n afte r a fe w
minutes exposur e
Dizziness, intracrania l pressur e an d
nausea after 7 minute s
Definite afte r effect s : fatigue an d
headache stil l fel t hours later .
IDLH
Endured fo r 3 0 minute s withou tcomplaint
Lowest amoun t that ca n be detectedby odour
Slight subjectiv e complaint s ma yoccur
with the skin, may result in local irritation
andinflammation.
6 STORAGE, HANDLING, LABELLING ANDTRANSPORT
6.1 Storage
Chloroform is susceptible to oxidation. The materialof
construction for the tank and process equipmentrequires special
consideration. The ethanol-inhibitedgrade of chloroform are not
compatible with mild steelstorage and handling equipment. The use
of stainlesssteel lined mild steel, nickel clad steel, or
stainlesssteel of the 300 series, for this is suggested.
Amyleneinhibited chloroform can be handled in mild steelequipment
if adequate care is taken to prevent contactwith water of moist
air. Aluminium is not recommendedas chloromethanes, under certain
conditions, can reactwith aluminium to form explosive mixtures.
Stric t
maintenance of the drying columns in atmosphericbreathing
storage tanks should be employed.
6.1.1Th e storage tank capacity should be sized forabout 10
percent greater volume than the maximumquantity of chloroform it
will contain, to allow for liquidexpansion with increasing
temperature. The tank maybe fabricated of all welded mild carbon
steel designedfor a liquid density of 1.34. If it is to be used in
a closedsystem it should be designed to withstand full vacuumand an
internal pressure. Tanis should be protectedagainst over-pressure
by means of safety rupture disc.
6.1.2Precautionary measures should be taken to ensurethat
moisture does not contaminate the solvent. Tominimize evaporation
losses, a completely sealedstorage tank is recommeded.
Used tanks may require manual cleaning. Iron scrapper
and wire brush may be used to remove any hardenedsediment and
oxide coating which may be in evidence.Scrubbing the interior with
solution of commercialdetergent, followed by a thorough water rinse
, willremove most of the contaminants. The tank must beabsolutely
dry before it is charged with product.
6.2 Transport
6.2.1A s per United Nations Recommendations forTransport o f
Dangerous Goods , Chlorofor m i sclassified unde r Clas s 6. 1
Poisonous (Toxic )substances and UN Number is 1888.
6.2.2Follo w code symbols and other precautionarymeasures listed
in the U N Recommendations andGovernment Regulations.
6.3 Handling
6.3.1Personal Protecting Equipment
Wear safet y goggles , sel f containe d breathin gapparatus, air
line mask, hand gloves.
6.3.2Trucks are usually equipped with pumps drivenby a power
take-off. They are essentially self-unloading
3
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IS 14572 : 1998
with operations performed by the truck driver. I t iscustomary t
o unloa d car s b y means o f rotary o r
centrifugal pump connected t o the bottom outlet ofthe car by
means of a flexible connection. Since theliquid is volatile, i t is
necessary to ensure adequatenet positive suctio n hea d fo r th e
pump t o preventflashing the pump intake and loss of capacity.
6.3.3Pump
Positive displacement rotary pumps are recommendedfor chloroform
service. Submerge d centrifugal pumpsmay be used in storage tanks
designed for atmosphericservice. Externally mounted flooded suction
centrifugal
pumps may be used if care is taken to provide adequatesuction
head.
6.3.4Piping
Piping may be of steel or black iron, preferably withwelded or
flanged joints. Lubricant for threaded jointsmust be of a type
resistant to chloroform, such as whitelead, graphite and glycerine
pastes o r fluorocarbontape. Compresse d o r screwed asbestos
gaskets arerecommended for flanged joints. Grounding
connectorsshould be installed around such joints.
6.3.5Flange d or screwed iron gate or globe valvesmay be used.
Stainles s steel trim is recommended to
protect against corrosion where th e liqui d ma y beexposed to
the atmosphere.
6.3.6Metalli c hose of monel, stainless steel or mildsteel may
be used for flexible connections. Mil d steelhose, if disconnected
between periods of us e as i nunloading cars or trucks, should be
cleaned and driedor protected from exposure by blanking off the
openends until needed again. Al l natura l and syntheticrubber and
PVC are to be avoided.
6.3.7It is recommended that some type of line filtebe installed
between storage and process to remov
any particulate contamination.7 FIRE PREVENTION AND FIGHTING
7.1Chlorofor m wil l no t bur n i n ai r o r supp ocombustion
and does not present a fire hazard. Howevechloroform an d it s
decompositio n product s a rhazardous. Therefor e self-containe d
breathi napparatus should be used.
8 SPILLS AND LEAKS
8.1Th e most important danger of chloroform arisefrom the fact
that repeated exposure to low atmospherconcentrations may resul t i
n damage to live r ankidneys. In high concentrations, chloroform
has narcot
properties. Contact with skin and mucous membranemay produce
local irritation.
8.2In case of spill or lea k of small quantity, abso rthe
material by pouring sand or earth. However, in casof major (large)
quantity spill or leak, dispose off thmaterials by atomizing in a
combustion chamber.
8.3Wea r respiratory protection while approachin
heavy leakages.
8.4Preven t contact with skin, eyes.
9 WASTE DISPOSAL
9.1Al l local and state regulations concerning wasdisposal to
streams, municipal treatment plants, or ito the ground shall be
determined and complied wit
9.2Smal l quantities of chloroform can be disposeoff by pouring
on dry sand or earth.
9.3Larg e quantities of waste mixture can be disposeoff by
atomizing in a combustion chamber.
4
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( Continued onpage 6 )
5
Chairman
DR R. K . GA R G
Members
DR S . K . AWASTH I
SHRID. C.BHAT T(Alternate)
DR A. BHASKA R
SHRIA.JHAVA R(Alternate)
SHRI A . K . CHAKRABORT Y
DR J . G. BOMAN E ( Alternate )
SHRI V . H . CHUDAMAN I
SHRIA. G.SESHA N(Alternate)
SHRI P . M . KARI A
SHRI MOHA N PATI L(Alternate )
SHRI K . G . KAIMA L
SHRI A . K . MEHR A
SHRI SURINDE R KUMA R( Alternate)
DR H . MUKHERJE E
SHRIA. S.GHOSA L(Alternate)
DR DEOK I NANDA N
DR D . J . PARIK H
DR T . S . PATE L ( Alternate )
DR S . S . RATH I
SHRI P . DA S ( Alternate )
SHRI A . A . RAMAKRISHNA N
DRAJA Y PRAKAS H(Alternate)DR K . V . RAMALINGA M
SHRI JAYANT A ADHI A( Alternate )
REPRESENTATIVE
REPRESENTATIVE
SHRI J . P . SAXEN A
DR S . P . SHARM A ( Alternate )
SHRI K . D . SHARM A
SHRIC. D.BANKA R(Alternate )
DR M . SENGUPT A
DR (SHRIMATI ) INDRAN I CHANDR A SEKARA N
(Alternate )
DR P . K . SET H
DR P . N . VISWANATHAN ( Alternate )
SHRI A . C . SRIVASTAV A
SHRIMATI SUNIT A KUMA R
DR P . S . VENKATARAMAN I
DR A . K . SAXENA ( Alternate )
DR R . K . SI NG H ,
Director (Chem )
Representing
Defence Recruitmen t Board , Ne w Delhi
Indian Petrochemica l Corporatio n Ltd , Vadodar a
Hindustan Leve r Ltd , Mumba i
Directorate General of Factory Advice Servic e and Labou r
Institute,
Mumbai
Hindustan Organic Chemicals Ltd , Rasayan i
Excel Industrie s Ltd , Mumba i
Directorate General o f Ordinance Factor y Board , Calcutt a
Shriram Foo d and Fertilizer s Industries , New Delh i
Department o f Explosives , Nagpu r
Bhabha Atomic Researc h Centre , Mumba i
Nati ona l Insti tut e o f Occu pat iona l Health , Ahe mdaba
d
Ministry o f Defence (DGQA), Ne w Delh i
Nati ona l Or gan i c Ch emica l Indus tne s Ltd , Mumba i
Century Rayon , Kalya n
Indian Chemical Manufacturer s Association, Calcutta
Nationa l Safe t y Coun cil , Mumba i
Indian Drug s an d Pharmaceutical s Ltd , Virbhadra
Directorate Genera l o f Technical Development , Ne w Delh i
Ministry o f Environment an d Forests , Ne w Delh i
Industrial Toxicology Researc h Centre , Luckno w
Projects an d Developmen t India Ltd , Sindr i
Development Commissioner, Smal l Scale Industries , New
Delhi
Ministry o f Defence (R&D) , Ne w Delh i
Directorate General , BI S(Ex-officio Member)
ANNEX A
(Foreword)
Chemical Hazards Sectional Committee, CHD 007
IS 14572 : 1998
Member Secretary
SHRI T . RANGASAM Y
JOINT DIRECTO R (CHEM) , BI S
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Bureau of Indian Standards
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Indian Standards Act,1986 to promote harmoniousdevelopment of the
activities of standardization, markin g and quality certification
of goods and attending toconnected matters in the country.
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BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these
publications may be reproduced in any form withoutthe prior
permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use,
in the course of implementing thestandard, o f necessary details,
such as symbols and sizes, type o r grade designations . Enquirie s
relating tocopyright be addressed to the Director (Publications),
BIS.
Review of Indian Standards
Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the
basis of comments. Standards are also reviewedperiodically; a
standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review
indicates that no changes areneeded; if the review indicates that
changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian
Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest
amendments or edition by referring to the latest issueof 'BI S
Handbook ' and 'Standards : Monthly Additions'.
This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc : No. CHD 7 (
8817 ).
Amendments Issued Since Publication
Amend No. Dateof Issue Tetx Affecte d
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