IS 15658 (2006): Precast concrete blocks for paving

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IS 15658 (2006): Precast concrete blocks for paving - [CED5: Flooring, Wall Finishing and Roofing]

IS 15658:2006

w-w%Tmm-a@wa-q@dfamf%k@ii-m-R-Rl(k

Indian Standard

PRECAST CONCRETE BLOCKS FORPAVING — SPECIFICATION

I(X 93.080.20

0 BIS 2006

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHAIXJR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

June 2006 Price Group 8

-. ———.-—._

Flooring, Wall Finishing and Roofing Sectional Committee, CED 5

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized bythe Flooring, Wall Finishing and Roofing Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil EngineeringDivision Council.

Concrete paver blocks were first introduced in Holland in the fifties as replacement of paver bricks which hadbecome scarce due to the post-war building construction boom. These blocks were rectangular in shape andhad more or }ess the same size as the bricks. During the past five decades, the block shape has steadilyevolved from non-interlocking to partially interlocking to fully interlocking to multiply interlocking shapes.Consequently, the pavements in which non-interlocking blocks are used are designated as ‘Concrete BlockPavement (CBP)’ or non-interlocking CBP, and those in which partially, fully or multiply interlocking blocksare used are designated as ‘Interlocking Concrete Block Pavement(ICBP)’.

CBP/ICBP consists of a surface layer of small-element, solid un-reinforced pre-cast concrete paver blockslaid on a thin, compacted bedding material which is constructed over a properly profiled base course and isbounded by edge restraints/kerb stones, The block joints are filled using suitable fine material. A properlydesigned and constructed CBP/lCBP gives excellent performance when applied at locations where conventionalsystems have lower service life due to a number of geological, traffic, environmental and operational constraints.Many number of such applications for light, medium, heavy and very .heavy traffic conditions are currentlyin practice around the world.

Different countries have adcrpted different norms for quality assurance of concrete blocks and constructionand maintenance of CBP/ICBP, based on research and development and empirical advances in this tleld andsuitable to the geological, traffic and environmental conditions prevailing in those countries. In India, researchand development work in this field started at Central Road Research Institute in the nineties. Currently theIndian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur, has joined in the research and development efforts. Applicationof CBP/lCBP technique is fitiding increasing popularity around the country, especially in metropolitan citiesas well as in large and medium towns. Currently a number of entrepreneurs are engaged in this business..Considering the increasing scope for application of this specialized paving technique, BIS recognizes theneed to regulate the quality of paver blocks and CBP/ICBP so that the purchaser is ensured of uniformlygood quality of blocks and CBP/IC13P. Accordingly, this standard specification for concrete paver blocks isbeing formulated.

In the formulation of this standard, assistance has been derived from the fallowing publications:

a) EN 1338:2003 (E), Concrete Paving Blocks — Requirements and Test Methods, European Committeefor Standardization, Rue de Stassart, 36, B 1050, Brussels

b) CAN3-A23 1.2-M85 Pre-cast Concrete Pavers, Canadian Standards Association

c) AWNZS 4456.5: 1997 — Masonary Units and Segmental Pavers — Methods of Test — Method 5:Determining breaking load of segmental paving units

d) IRC : SP-63-2004 — Guidelines for the Use of Interlocking Concrete Block Pavement

The composition of the Committee responsible for formulation of this standard is given at -Annex J.

For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the “finalvalue, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordancewith IS 2: 1960 ‘Rules forrounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant places retainedin the rounded off value should be tl-ie same as that of the specified value in this standard.

AMENDMENT NO. 2 NOVEMBER 2011TO

IS 15658 : 2006 PRECAST CONCRETE BLOCKS FOR PAVING — SPECIFICATION

[Page 5, Table 2, col 2 (see also Amendment No. 1)] — Substitute ‘Planarea, Max, Asp’ for ‘Plan area, Min, Asp’ at Sl No. vii).

(CED 5)

Reprography Unit, BIS, New Delhi, India

IS 15658:2006

Indian Standard

PRECAST CONCRETE BLOCKS FOR. PAVING — SPECIFICATION

1 SCOPE

1.1 This standard specifies constituent materials,products requirements and test methods for solid, un-reinforced pre-cast cement concrete paver”blocks andcomplimentary products used for light, medium, heavyand very heavy traffic paving applications and otherapplications.

1.2 The standard does not cover concrete masonryunits, cellular (hollow) concrete blocks, fly ashmasonry blocks, permeable concrete blocks, gridblocks, grass stones and cement concrete flooringtiles.

2 REFERENCES

The standards listed in Annex A contain provisionswh”ich through reference in this text, constituteprovisions of.this standard. At the time ofpublication,the editions indicated were valid. All standards aresubject to revision and parties to agreements basedon this standard are encouraged to investigate thepossibility of applying the most recent editions ofthe standards indicated in Annex A.

3 TERMINOLOGY

For the purpose of this standard, the following

definitions shall apply.

3.1 Actual Dimension — Measured dimensions of apaver block.

3.2 A-rris — Part of a block where two faces meetwhich can be bevelled, rounded, chamfered, or splayed,as shown in Fig. 1.

3.3 Aspect Ratio — The ratio of length to thicknessof a paver block.

3.4 Backing Layer — Layer of concrete on the lowerface of a bvo-layer paver block, made of material sameas or different from that used in the wearing ”layer ofthe block.

3.5 Bed Face — That surface of a paver block which,when paved, comes in direct contact with the beddingmaterial.

3.6 Chamfer — Bevelled arris, as shown in Fig. 1.

3.7 Chased Side Face — The side face of a paverblock, having a recessed profile, as shown in Fig. 1.

3.8 Coiour — Appearance of a paver block due topigment used in concrete, other than natural cementcolo.ur.

BEVELLED EDGE ROUNDED EDGE SPLAYED EDGE

1

THICK NESS

FIG. 1 EXAMPLESOF ARRIS (BEVELLED, ROUNDED, CHAMFERED)

CHASED SIDE FACE AND DRAW

1

IS 15658:2006

3.9 Complementary Product -Apre-cast usually block.of the shape of part ‘of a block, used for fitting intogaps remaining in a block-paved area, for complete

3.23 Side Face — That face of a paver block which

coverage of paved surface.is generally in the vertical direction when paved andwhich faces adjacent block.

3.10 Draw — Intended angle of the side face fromthe vertical plane over the full height of a paver block,

3.24 Skid -Resistance — Resistance to relative

as shown in Fig. 1,movement between a vehicle tyre and the traffickedsurface of a-pavement.

3.11 Efflorescence — White deposit formed on paverblocks due to diffision of calcium hydroxide (solution

3.25 Slip Resistance — Ability to resist relative

slaked lime) present in cement,.together with variousmovement between a pedestrian foot and the trafllcked

dissolved salts, onto the external surface.surface of a pavement.

3.12 False Joints/Grooves — Regularly shaped3.26 Spacer Nibs — Small protruding profiles on the

depressions on the wearing layer of a paver block.vertical face of a paver block used as a device forkeeping minimum joint gap while paving blocks.

3.13 Format — Work dimensions of a paver block,specified in the order of overall length, overall width

3.”27 Squareness — Normally between the vertical

and thickness.faces of a paver block and the horizontal wearingsurface, and parallelism between wearing surface and

3.14 Inte-rlockirw Mechamism — The mechanism lower horizontal surface.which allows adjacently paved blocks to key into oneanother and facilitates the sharing of shear, bending

3.28 Surface Relief — Regularly shaped protrusions

and thrust forces between adjacent blocks in a paved on the wearing surface of a paver block. .

system. 3.29 Surface Texture — Microscopic and macroscopic

3.15 Interlocking/Dentated/Inter-connected Paverfeatures of the wearing face of a paver block.

Blocks — Paver blocks which key into one another 3.30 Thickness — Vertical distance between the upperon some or all vertical faces, when paved in any face and bed face of a paver b!ock.pattern.

3.16 Length — Shortest distance between farthestopposite vertical faces of a parallelopiped enclosinga paver block, excluding the dimensions due to anyspacer nibs.

3.17 Overall Length — The longer side of a rectanglewith the smallest area enclosing a paver block,excluding any spacer nibs.

3.31 Wearing Layer — Layer of concrete or mortaron the upper face of a two-layer paver block, made ofmaterial same as or different from that used in thebacking layer of the block.

3.32 Wearing Face — That surface of a paver blockwhich, when paved, faces the atmosphere and whichis directly subjected to loading and movement of vehicletyres or pedestrian traffic.

3.18 Overall Width — Shorter side of a rectangle 3.33 Wearing Face Area — Horizontal area boundedwith the smallest area enclosing a paver block, excluding by the vertical faces of a paver Mock, minus the areaany spacer nibs. reduced due to the presence of arris.

3.19 Plan Area — Horizontal area bounded by thevertical faces of a paver block, excluding the area dueto any spacer nibs.

3.20 Paver Block — Solid, un-reinforced pre-castcement concrete paving units used in the surface courseof pavements, with minimum horizontal cross-sectionof 50 mm from any edge in any dkection, having aspectratio not more than four, except for complementaryproducts.

3.21 Pigment — Synthetic or natural colouringagents used in the-concrete mix to produce colouredpaver blocks.

3.34 Width — Shortest distance between nearestopposite vertical faces or corners of a paver block.

3.35 Wipe — Fine cementmortar slurry applied tothe upper face of a paver block or supplementaryproduct.

3.36 Work Dimension — Any dimension of a paverblock specified for its manufacture, to which the actualdimension should conform, within specified permissibletolerances.

4 MATERIALS

4.1 Cement and Cement Admixtures

3.22 Secondary Processing — Manufacturing 4.1.1 Cement used shall be any of the following:process to texture the upper face of a paver block,executed before or after hardening of manufactured a) 33 Grade ordinary Portland cement conforming

.L

b)

c)

d)

e)

f)

!3)

to IS 269,

43 Grade ordinary Portland cement conformingto IS8112,

53 Grade ordinary Portland cement conformingto IS 12269,

Portland slag cement conforming to IS 455,

Portland-pozzolana cement (fly ash based)conforming to IS 1489 (Part 1),

Portland-pozzolana cement (calcined claybased) conforming to IS 1489 (Part 2), and

Rapid hardening Portland cement conformingto IS8041. -

4.1.2 Mineral admixtures, namely, fly ash conformingto Grade 1 ofIS3812 (Part 1), silica i%meconformingto IS 15388, ground granulated blast furnace slagconforming to IS 12089 and rice husk ash andmetakaoline conforming to the requirements specifiedin IS 456 maybe used as part replacement of ordinaryportland cement provided uniform blending withcement is obtained.

4.2 Aggregates

4.2.1 Coarse Aggregates

4.2.1.1 Coarse aggregates shall comply with therequirements of IS 383. As far as possible crushedlsemi-crushed aggregates shall be used. For ensuringadequate durability, the aggregate used for productionof blocks shall be sound and free of soft orhoneycombed particles.

4.2.1.2 Other types of aggregates such as slag andcrushed, over-burnt brick or tile which maybe foundsuitable with regard to strength, durability of concreteand freedom from harmful effects may be used inpreparation of concrete for production of paver blocks.However such aggregates shall not contain more than0.5 percent of sulpltates as SOJ and shall not absorbmore than 2 percent of their own mass of water.

4.2.1.3 Heavy weight aggregates or light weightaggregates such as bloated clay aggregates andsintered fly ash aggregates may also be used providedthe purchaser is satisfied with the data on the propertiesof concrete made with them.

4.2.1.4 The nominal maximum size of coarse aggregatesused in production of paver blocks shall be 12 mm.

4.2.2 Fine Aggregates

Fine aggregates shall conform to the requirements ofIS 383. Both river/quarry sand and stone dust meetingthe requirements can be used.

4.3 Admixtures

Admixtures, when used shall conform to IS 9103.Previous experience with and data on such materials

3

1S 15658:2006

should be considered in relation to the specifiedstandards of mechanization, supervision andworkmanship in production of blocks. They maybeadded for specific requirements without affecting otherquality parameters.

4.4 Pigments

4.4.1 Synthetic or natural pigments maybe used inconcrete mix to obtain paver blocks with desired shadesof colours. The pigment used should result in durablecolours of paver blocks. It shall not contain mattersdetrimental to concrete. Pigments, either singly or incombination, conforming to the following IndianStandards may preferably be used:

Pigments Relevant IndianStandard

Black or Red or Brown IS 44pigment

Green pigment IS 54

Blue pigment Is 55

or IS 56

White pigment 1s411

Yellow pigment Is 50

Pigment quantity to be restricted to a maximum of9 percent by weight of cement content. The pigmentshould be finer than the cement (Fineness valuebetween 2-15 m2/kg).

4.4.2 The pigments shall not contain zinc compoundsor organic dyes.

4.4.3 .Lead pigments shall not be used unless otherwisespecified by the purchaser.

4.5 Water

The water used in production of paving blocks shallconform to the requirements specified in IS 456.

5 GRADE DESIGNATION OF PAVER BLOCKSAND DESIGN OF CONCRETE BLOCKPA~MENT

Recommended grades of paver blocks to be used forconstruction of pavements having different trafficcategories are given in Table 1. Since zero slumpconcrete is used in production of paver blocks, thequality of blocks produced will depend upon variousparameters like the capacity of compaction andvibration of machine, grade of cement used, watercontent, qua] ity of aggregates used, their gradationand mix design adopted, additives used, handlingequipment employed, curing methods adopted, levelof supervision, workmanship and quality controlachieved, etc.

IS 15658:2006

Table 1 Recommended Grades of Paver Blocks for Different Traffic Categories

(Cfauses 5 and9. 1.4)

sl GradeNo. Designation

of-PaverBlocks

(1) (2)

i) M-30

ii) M-35

iii) M-40

iv) M-50

v) M-55

NOTES

Specified TrafficCompressive CategoryStrength of

Paver Blocksat 28 Days

N/mmz(3) (4)

30 Non-traffic

35 Light-traffic

40 Medium-traffic

50 Heavy-traffic

Recommended Traffic ExamplesMinimum Paver of Application

BlockThickness

mm(5) (6)

50 Building premises, monument premises,landscapes, public gsrdendparks, domesticdrives, paths and patios, embankmentslopes, sand stabilization area, etc

60 Pedestrian plazas, shopping complexesramps, car parks, oflke driveways, housingcolonies, office complexes, rural roadswith low volume traffic, farm houses,beach sites, tourist resorts local authorityfootways, residential roads, etc

80 City streets, small and medium marketroads, low volume roads, utility cuts onarterial roads, etc

100 Bus terminals, industrial complexes, mandihouses, roads on expansive soils, factoryfloor, service stations, industrialpavements, etc

55 Very heavy-traffic 120 Container terminals, ports, docks yards,mine access roads, bulk cargo handlingareas, airport pavements, etc

1 Non-traffic areas are defined as areas where no vehicular traffic occurs.

2 Light-traffic is defined as a daily traffic up to 150 commercial vehicles exceeding 30 kN laden weight, or an equivalentup to 0.5 million standard axles (MSA) for a design life of 20 years ( A standard axle is defined as a single axle load of81.6 kN).

3 Medium traffic is defined as a daily traffic of 150-450 commercial vehicles exceeding 30 kN laden weight, or anequivalent of 0.5 to 2.0 MSA for a design life of 20 years.

4 Heavy traffic is defined as a daily traffic of 450-1500 commercial vehicles exceeding 30 kN laden weight, or anequivalent of 2.0 to 5.0 MSA for a design life of 20 years.

5 Very heavy-traffic is defined as a daily traffic of more than 1500 commercial vehicles exceeding 30 kN laden weight,or an equivalent of more than 5.0 MSA for a design life of 20 years.

6 PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS

6.1 General

6.1.1 The physical requirements of paver blocks arecategorized into two groups, namely:

a) Obligatory requirements shall be for ensuringdurability of pavements constructed withpaver blocks as well as obtaining better levelsof service in block paving work, and

b) Optional requirements sha~l be as per thespecific demands of the purchaser. These aredescribed in 6.2 and 6.3.

6.1.2 All paver blocks shall be sound and free of cracksor other visual defects which will interfere with theproper paving of the unit or impair the strength or

performance of the pavement constructed with thepaver blocks.

6.1.3 When two layer paver blocks are manufacturedthere shall be proper bonding between the layers.Delamination between the layers shall not be permitted.ThE compressive strength of the two layer blocksshallmeet the specified requirements.

6.r.4 When paver blocks with false joints, surfacereliefs or projections are supplied, the same shall bespecified. Also, the surface features shall be wellformed and be devoid of any defects.

6.2 Obligatory Requirements

6.2.1 Visual Inspection

Visual inspection of quality of paver blocks shall be

4

I

carried out in natural daylight, prior to the tests forother properties. The inspection shall be conductedby the purchaser and the manufacturer jointly at alocation agreed to between them, normally at the siteor factory. Visual inspection shall be conducted asper 7.1.

NOTE — When efflorescence occurs and it is notdeleterious to the performance of the blocks in use andis not considered significant.

6.2.2 Dimensions and Tolerances

6.2.2.1 The recommended dimensions and tolerancesfor paver blocks, measured as per the method inAnnex B, are given in Table 2. Minimum block thicknessshall be 50 mm and maximum 120 mm. The tilcknesses60 mm, 80 mm, 100 MMand 120 mm will be consideredas standard thicknesses under this specification.

6.2.2.2 All blocks manufactured to meet thisspecification shall have arris/chamfer as per thedimensions and.tolerances given in Table 2.

6.2.3 Thickness of Wearing Layer

When paver blocks are manufactured in two layers,the wearing layer shall have minimum thickness asspecified in Table 2. The thickness of the wearinglayer shall be measured at several points along theperiphery of the paver blocks. The arithmetic meanof the lowest two values shall be the minimum thicknessof the wearing layer.

IS 15658:2006

6.2.4 Water Absorption

The water absorption, being the average of threeunits, when determined in the manner described inAnnex C, shall not be more than 6 percent by massand in individual samples, the water absorption shouldbe restricted to 7-percent.

6.2.5 Compressive Strength

6.2.5.1 Compressive strength of paver blocks shallbe determined as per the method given in Annex D.Paver block strength shall be specified in termsof 28 days compressive strength. In case thecompressive strength of paver blocks is determinedfor ages other than 28 days, the actual age at testingshall be reported. The average 28 days compressivestrength of paver blocks shall meet the specifiedrequirement. Individual paver block strengthshall not be less than 85 percent of the specifi~dstrength. In case blocks of age less than 28 days arepermitted to be supplied, correlation between28 days strength and the strength at specified agefor identified batch/mix of blocks shall beestablished.

6.2.5.2 The specified average 28 days compressivestrengths of different grades of paver blocks are givenin Table 3 and the minimum specified strengths ofindividual paver blocks are given in 6.2.5.1.

Table 2 Recommended Dimensions and Tolerance for paver Blo~M

(Clauses 6.2.2 .1,6.2.2.2,6.2.3 and9. 1.2)

slNo.

(1)

O

ii)

iii)

iv)

v)

vi)

vii)

viii)

ix)

Dimension

(2)

Width, W

Length, L

Thickness, T

Aspect ratio(L17)

Arris/chamfer

Thickness ofwearing layer

Plan area, A5F

Wearing facearea, A Sw

Squareness

MeasurementMethod, Ref to

(3)

AnnexB

AnnexB

Annex B

Annex B

AnnexB

6.2.3

AnnexB

AnnexB

Annex B

RecommendedValues

(4)

To be specifiedby manufacturer

To be specifiedby manufacturer

50 to 120 mm

Maximum:4.0

Minimum: 5 mm

Maximum :7 mm

Minimum : 6 mm

Maximum:0.03 mz

Minimum75 percentof Plan Area

Nil

Tolerance Limit forPaver Block

tThickness Thickness

\

<Il)omm 2100 mm

(5) (6)

●.2 mm *3mm

● 2mm *3mm

● 3mm *4mm

+ 0.2 + 0.2

*lmm *lmm

+’21nm +Zmm.

+ (J.()()IM2 + 0.001m2- I percent -1 percent

*2mm *3mm

I

5

IS 15658:2006

Table 3 Compressive Strength Requirements ofConcrete Paver Blocks

(Clauses 6.2.5.2 amf9.1 .4)

S1 No. Grade ofPaver

Blocks

(1) (2)

i) M-30

ii) M-35

iii) M-40.

iv) M-SO

v) M-55

Minimum Average 28 DaysCompressive Strength

Nhnm2

(3)

2 fC~+0.825 xestablished standarddeviation (rounded off to nearest0.5 N/mm*)

6.2.6 Abrasion Resistance

The abrasion resistance of paver blocks should bedetermined as per the method given in Annex E. Itmay be specified the limits to the test results, whichshould be complied with by the manufacturer.

6.3 Optional Requirements

6.3.1 Tensile Splitting Strength

The tensile splitting strength of paver blocks shouldbe determined as per the method given in Annex F.When required by the purchaser, the test values fortensile splitting strength of paver blocks may bespecified by the manufacturer.

6.3.2 Flexural Strength/Breaking Load

The ftexural strength/breaking load of paver blocksshould be determined as per the method given inAnnex G. When required by the purchaser, the testvalues for flexural strength breaking load of paverblocks may be specified by the manufacturer.

6.3.3 Freeze-Thaw Curability

The fkeeze-thaw durability test of paver blocks shouldbe conducted as per the method given in Annex H.When required for application in freez-thawenvironment, the purchaser may specify limits to thetest results, which should be complied with by themanufacturer.

6.3.4 Colour and Texture

When required, the colour and texture of paver blocksshould be mutually agreed to between the purchaserand the manufacturer.

7 TEST METHODS

7.1 Visual inspection shall be conducted by firstexamining each paver block from a sample lot for anyelimination. The blocks shall then be laid out on alevel floor in any desired paving pattern, approximately

covering a square area of 1 m2. Any visual defects ofpaver blocks, including cracks and flaking, shall berecorded by observing the paved blocks flom a distanceof approximately 2 m from each edge of the paved area.The texture and colour of the paver blocks shall becompared with the manufacturer’s tie samples suppliesearlier to the purchaser.

7.2 Tests other than for visual aspects shall be carriedout in a laboratory agreed to between the purchaserand the manufacturer. Wherever applicable, calibratedequipment shall be used for tests.

7.3 Compliance with the obligatory physicalrequirements laid down in 6.2 shall be ensured byconducting tests as described in Annexes B to E.Compliance with optional physical requirements laiddown in6.3 shall be ensured by conducting tests asdescribed in Annexes F to H.

7.4 Unless otherwise specified in the enquiry or order,the cost of the tests shall be borne as follows:

a) By the manufacturer, in the event of the testresults showing that the paver blocks do notconform to this specification, or

b) By the purchaser,-inthe event of the test resultsshowing that the paver blocks conform tothis specification.

8 SAMPLING

8.1 When the product has been submitted to anassessment of conformity by a third party, acceptancetesting is not required, except in case of disputebetween the purchaser and the manufacturer, whenacceptance testing may be carried out. In such cases,depending upon the circumstances of the case indispute, the required number of blocks shall be sampledfrom each batch of the consignment of blocks up toa quantityof50000 blocks.

8.2 When the product has not been submitted toan assessment of conformity by a third party, therequired number of blocks shall be sampled from eachbatch of the consignment of blocks up to a quantityof25 000 blocks.

8.3 When the quantity of a partial batch is less thanhalf of the quantities mentioned in 8.1 and 8.2, thatpartial batch of the consignment shall be added tothe previous full batch. u

8.4 The paver blocks selected for testing shall berepresentative of the consignment, the points ofselection being evenly distributed through theconsignment.

8.5 The number of blocks to be sampled from eachbatch for each test shall be as given in Table 4.

6

IS 15658:2006

Table 4 Sampling Requirements

(Clause 8.5)

S1 No.

(1)

i)

ii)

iii)

iv)

v)

vi)

vii)

viii)

ix)

Property

(2)

VkualInspection

Dimensions

Thickness ofwearing layer3J

Waterabsorption

Compressivestrength

Tensilesplittingstrength

Flexuraistrength/breaking load

Abrasionresistance

Freeze-thawdurability

Requirement Test Method Number of Paver Blocks for TestRef to Cl No. Ref to A/ \

(3)

6.2.1

6.2.2

6.2.3

6.2.4

6.2.5

6.3.1

6.3.2

6.2.6

6.3.3

(4)

7.1

AnnexB

6.2.3

AnnexC

Annex D

Annex E

Annex F

AnnexG

Annex H

Qua!ityAssuranceby Third

Party

(5)

82)

3

8

8

8

8

3

QualityAssurance byManufacturer/

PurchaserlJ

(6)

4 (1 6)2)

4 (1 6)2)

4 (16)2)

3

4 (16)

4 (16)

4 (16)

4 (16)

3

I) The number within brackets is the number to be sampled to avoid secondary sampling from the batch if on -the basis

of the conformity criteria, additional blocks are required to be tested to assess conformity.

2.)These blocks may be used for subsequenttest.%3) only apply for blOckswith a separate every layer.

8.6 The sample paver blocks shall be marked for tlstureidentification of the consignment it represents. Theblock shall be kept under cover and protected fromextreme conditions of temperature, relative humidityand wind till they are required for test. The test shallbe undertaken as soon as practicable after the samplehas been taken.

9 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

9,1 Obligatory Requirements

9.1.1 The lot shall be considered as conforming tothe requirements of this specification if the conditionsmentioned in 9.1.2 to 9.1.4 are satisfied.

9.1.2 The sampled blocks tested for dimensions,aspect ratio, chamfer, plan area, wearing face area,deviation from squareness, and, in the case of twolayer blocks, thickness of wearing layer shall meetthe tolerance limit specified in Table 2. Blocks withvisual defects with sample lot shall not be more thanthree.

9.1.3 For water absorption, the mean value of 3 samplesdetermined shall be not more than the maximum limitspecified in 6.2.4.

9.1.4 The 28 days compressive strengths and toleranceof 8 numbers of paver blocks manufactured as per the.grades.of paver blocks recommended in Table 1 shallbe as given in Table 3.

9.2 Optional Requirements

Acceptance criteria for optional requirements shallbe as per mutual agreement by the purchaser andmanufacturer.

10 MARKING

10.1 Concrete paver bloclclpackage shall be markedwith the following information suitably:

a)

b)

c)

Identification of the manufacturer,

Grade of paver blocks, and

Date of manufacture.

7

IS 15658:2006

10.2 BIS Certification Marking by the provisions of the Bureau of Indian StandardsAct, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made

The paver blocks may also be marked with the Standard thereunder. The details of conditions under which aMark. licence for use of the Standard Mark maybe granted

to manufacturers or producers maybe obtained from10.2.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed the Bureau of Indian Standards.

ANNEX A

(Clause 2)

LIST OF REFERRED INDIAN STANDARDS

IS No.

44:1991

50:1980

54:1988

55:1970

56:1993

.269 :1989

383:1970

411:1991

455:1989

456:2000

516:1959

Title

Specification for iron oxidepigments for paints (secondrevision)

Specification for lead and scarletchromes (third revision)

Specification for green oxide ofchromium for paints (second‘revision)

Specification for ultramarine bluefor paints @st revision)

Specification for Prussian blue (ironblue) for paints (second revision)

Specification for 33 grade ordinaryPortland cement ~ourth revision)

Specification for coarse and fineaggregates from natural sources forconcrete (third revision)

Specification for titanium dioxide,anatase, for paints (third revision)

Specification for Portland slagcement fourth revision)

Code of practice for plain andreinforced concrete fourthrevision).

Method of test for strength ofconcrete

IS No.

1237:1980

1489

(Part l):1991

(Part 2): 1991

2185(Part 1): 1979

3812(Part 1): 2003

8041:

8112:

9103:

12089

990

989

999

1987

12269:1987

15388:2003

Title

Specification for cement concreteflooring tiles (jlrst revision)

Specification for PortlandPozzokmacement:

Fly ash based (third revision)

Calcined clay based (third revision)

Specification for concrete masonryunits: Part 1 Hollow and solidconcrete blocks (second revision)

Specification for pulverized fuel ash:Part 1For use as pozzxdonain cementcement mortar and concrete (secondrevision)

Specification for rapid hardeningPortland cement (second revision)

Specification for 43 grade ordinaryPortland cement @st revision)

S~ecification for concrete admixtures(first revision)

Specification for granulated slagfor manufacture of Portland slagcement

Specification for 53 grade ordinaryPortland cement

Specification for silica fume

IIS 15658:2006

ANNEX B

(Clause~ 6.2.2 .1,7.3 and D-4.1 and Tables 2 and 4)

METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF DIMENSIONS, ASPECT RATIO, PLAN AREA, WEARINGFACE AREA AND DEVIATION FROM SQUARENESS

B-1 LENGTH, WIDTH, THICKNESS ANDASPECT RATIO

E-1.1 Apparatus

The apparatus shall comprise:

a) Steel callipers, and

b) Steel rule capable of measuring up to 300 mmto an accuracy of 0.5 mm.

B-1.2 Specimens

The’paver block specimens, selected from the groupof blocks of specified shape, size and thickness asper the sampling procedure in 8 and as per the numberof specimens mentioned in Table 4 shall be tested.

B-1.3 Procedure

B-1 .3.1 Length and Width

The length and width of the specimen (see Fig. 2) shallbe measured across two opposite faces by using thesteel callipers or steel rule. Two representative positionsshall be used for measurement of length and threefor measurement of width. The mean values of lengthand width for the block shall be noted to the nearest1mm.

B-1 .3.2 Thickness

The thickness of the specimen (see Fig. 2) shall bemeasured at four different positions. The mean valueof the thickness of the block shall be noted to thenearest 1 mm.

B-1 .3.3 Aspect Ratio

The aspect ratio of the specimen shall be calculatedby dividing the mean length by the mean depth asdetermined by the procedures in B-1.3.1 and B-1.3.2and shall be noted to the nearest 0.1.

B-2 ARRIS

B-2.1 Apparatus

The apparatus shall comprise o“fsteel callipers.

B-2.2 Specimens

“rhepaver block specimens selected as per the samplingprocedure in 8 and as per the number of specimensmentioned in Table 4 shall be tested.

B-2.3 Procedure

The depth and width of arris of the specimen (seeFig. 2) shall be measured across two opposite faces,to the nearest 0.1 mm, by using the steel callipers.Four representative positions shall be used formeasurement of depth and width. The mean valuesof depth and width of arris for the block shall be notedto the nearest 0.1 mm.

B-3 PLAN AREA AND WEARING FACE AREA

B-3.1 Apparatus


a) Balance capable of weighing 1 N to anaccuracy of 0.0001 N;

FIG.2 LENGTH(L), WIDTH(W) ANDTHICKNESS(Th) OF PAVERBLOCKS

9

IS 15658:2006

b)

c)

d)

e)

o

Sheets of thin cardboard of uniform thickness;

Sharp pencil;

Odd-leg marking gauge (see Fig. 3);

Sharp scissors; and

Steel rule marked with graduations of 0.5 mm.

B-3.2 Specimens

The paver block specimens selected as per the sampling_procedure in 8 and as per the number of specimensmentioned in Table 4 shall be tested.

B-3.3 Procedurs

B-3.3.1 Plan Area (A,~ (Method 1)

The test specimen shall then be weighed, whilesuspended by a metal wire, and completely submergedin water, and the weight shall rerecorded in Nto thenearest 0.01 N ( Wa). They shall be removed from thewater and allowed to.drain for one minute by placingthem on a 10 mm or coarser wire mesh. Visible wateron the specimen shall be removed with a damp cloth.The specimen shall then be immediately weighed and

PIVOT SCREW TO BE FITTEDWITH LOCKNUTS

SETSCREW DRILLED TO ACCOMMODATEBALL POINT PEN REFILL

I

the weight for each specimen noted in Nto the nearest0.0 lN(I?’W). The volume of the specimen shall becalculated as follows:

Volume = (WW– Wa)10-3m3

The thickness of the specimen in mm shall bedetermined as per B-1.3.2. The volume shall be dividedby thickness to obtain plan area in mm2.

In the case of rectangular specimens, the plan areamay also be calculated by multiplying the length bythe width, as determined by the procedure in B-1 .3.1.

B-3.3.2 Plan Area (A,J (Method 2)

The specimen shall be placed, wearing face facing up,on the cardboard and its perimeter traced with thepencil. The shape shall be cut out accurately withthe scissors and weighed to the nearest 0.000 1 N,and the result recorded as mass m~P. A rectanglemeasuring 200 mm x 100 mm, accurately cut out fromthe same cardboard, shall also be weighed to the nearest0.0001 N, and the result recorded as mass m~~~.Theplan area for the block shall be calculated from the

FIG.3 ODD-LEGMARKINGGAUGE

10

IS 15658:2006

formula: b) Feeler gauges.

I

20000 m,pA =

5Pmm2

mstd

B-3.3.3 Wearing Face Area (A,W)

The width of the arris of the block shall be measuredat four different locations and their mean valuedetermined. A ballpoint pen refill shall be fixed tothe odd-leg marking gauge and the gauge shall be setto the measured mean value of width of the arris. Thegauge so set shall ‘beused to draw a line, indicatingthe width of the arris, along the periphery of thecardboard shape of the plan area of the block withmass m~p,as obtained in B-3.3.2. The marked arriswidth on the cardboard shall be neatly cut away withthe scissors, and the cardboard shall be weighed tothe nearest 0.0001 N and the result recorded as massm. The wearing face area for the block ~hall becalculated from the formula:

20000 mA= 5P ~2

Sw -m~td

B-4 DEVIATION FROM SQUARENESS

B-4.1 Apparatus


a) Engineer’s square or a profiled template, and

B-4.2 Specimens

The paver block specimens selected as per thesampling procedure in 8 and as per the number ofspecimens mentioned in Table 4 shall be tested.

B-4.3 Procedure

With the stock of the square or profiled templatein contact with the top or bottom surface of theblock, the blade shall be brought into contact withthe vertical face of the block. The clearance, if any,between the square or profiled template and thevertical face of the block shall be measured to thenearest 0.1 mm with the feeler gauge at points10 mm inside each top and bottom edge of the block.This measurement shall be repeated at six sensiblydifferent locations around the block, and theaverage of the feeler gauge measurement notedas the deviation from squareness for the block, whichshall be noted to the nearest 0.1 mm.

B-5 REPORT

The individual and average values of measureddimensions, arris, aspect ratio, plan area, wearingface area and deviation from squareness ofspecimens tested as per B-1, B-2, B-3 and B-4 shallbe reported.

ANNEX C

(Clauses 6.2.4 and 7.3 and Table 4)

METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF WATER ABSORPTION

C-1 APPARATUS

The balance used shall be sensitive to within 0.5 percentof the mass of the smallest specimen tested.

C-2 S-PECIMENS

The paver block specimens selected as per the samplingprocedure in 8 and as per the number of specimensmentioned in Table 4 shall be tested.

C-3 PROCEDURE

C-3.1 Saturation

The test specimen shall be completely immersed inwater at room temperature for 24 * 2 h. The specimenthen shall be removed from the water.and allowed todrain for 1 min by placing them on a 10 mm or coarserwire -mesh. ‘Visible water on the specimens shall beremoved with a damp cloth. The specimen shall beimmediately weighed and the weight for each specimennoted in N to the nearest 0.01 N ( WW).

C-3.2 Drying

Subsequent to saturation, the specimens shall bedried in a ventilated oven at 107 + 7°C for not lessthan 24 h and until two successive weighing atintervals of 2 h show an increment of loss notgreater than 0.2 percent of the previously determinedmass of the specimen. The dry weight of each specimen(W~) shall be recorded in Nto the nearest O.OIN.

C-4 CALCU-LATION

C-4.1 Percent Water Absorption (WPercent)

The percent water absorption shall be calculated asfollows:

Ww– Wd-Wpercent = x 100

Wd

‘C-5 REPORT

The individual and average values of measured waterabsorption of specimens tested as per C-1 to C-4 shallbe reported.

11

IS 15658:2006

ANNEX D

(Clauses 6.2.5.1 and 7.3 and Table 4)

METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH

D-1 APPARATUS

D-1.l Testing Machine

The apparatus shall comprise of compression testingmachine which shall be equipped with two steelbearing blocks for holding the specimen. It is desirablethat the blocks have a minimum hardness of 60 (HRC)and a minimum thickness of 25 mm. The block on topthrough which load is transmitted to the specimenshall be spherically seated. The block below on whichthe specimen is placed shall be rigidly fitted. Whenthe bearing area of the steel blocks is not sufficientto cover the bearing area of the paver block specimen,two steel bearing plates meeting the requirementsof D-1.2 shall be placed between the steel plates fittedon the machine and the specimen.

D-1.2 Steel Bearing Blocks and-Plates

The surfaces of the steel bearing blocks and platesshall not depart from the plane by more than0.025 mm inany 15mm dimension. The centre of thesphere of the spherically seated upper bearing blockshall coincide with the centre of the bearing surface.if bearing plate is used, the centre of the sphere ofthe upper bearing block shall be on a line passingvertically through the centroid of the specimen bearingface. The spherically seated block shall be held closelyin its seat, but shall be free to turn in any direction.The diameter of the face of the bearing blocks shallbeat least 150 mm. When steel plates are employedbetween the steel bearing blocks and the specimen,the plates shall have a thickness equal to at least one-third the distance from the edge of the bearing blockto the most distant corner of the specimen. In no caseshall the plate thickness be less than 12 mm.

D-2 SPECIMENS


D-3 CAPPING OF SPECIMENS

D-3.1 The upper face of the specimens shall be cappedby one of the methods described in C-3.1 and C-3.2of Annex C of 1S2185 (Part 1).

D-3.2 Alternatively, 4 mm thick plywood sheets ofsize larger than the specimens by a margin of at least5 mm from all edges of the specimen shall be used forcapping the specimens.

D-3.3 When specimen with surface projections orsurface relief features has to be tested, its upper faceshall be made plain by suitable capping, such as byusing sulphur or gypsum, before testing.

D-4 PROCEDURE

D-4.1 The dimensions and plan areas of the specimensshall be determined as described in Annex B. Theblocks shall be stored for 24 * 4 h in water maintainedat a temperature of 20 + 5“C. The bearing plates ofthe testing machine shall be wiped clean. Thespecimens are aligned with those of the bearing plates.

D-4.2 The load shall be applied without shock andincreased continuously at a rate of 15 + 3 N/mm2/minuntil no greater load can be sustained by the specimenor delamination occurs. The maximum load appliedto the specimen shall be noted in N.

D-5 CALCULATION

The apparent compressive strength of individualspecimen sha!l be calculated by dividing the maximumload (in N) by the plan area (in mm2). The correctedcompressive strength shall be calculated by multiplyingthe apparent compressive strength by the appropriatecorrection factor from Table 5. The strength shal I beexpressed to the nearest 0.1 N/mm*.

Table 5 Correction Factors for Thickness andArris/Chamfer of Paver Block for Calculation of

Compressive Strength

slNo.

(1)

i)

ii)

iii)

iv)

v)

Paver BlockThickness

mm

(2)

50

60

80

100

120

Correction Factor for

Plain Block Arrised/ChamferedBlock

(3) (4)

0.96 1.03

1.00 1.06

1.12 1.18

1.18 1.24

1.28 I .34

For other thickness of paver blocks between 50 mmand 120 mm, linear extrapolation of-concrete factorshall be made.

D-6 REPORT

The individual and average compressive strength ofthe specimens tested as per D-1 to D-5 shall bereported.

I

12

IS 15658:2006

ANNEX E


METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF ABRASION RESISTANCE

E-1 APPARATUS

The abrasion testing machine shall be the same -asdescribed in Annex F of IS 1237 (see Fig. 4).

E-2 SPECIMENS

E-2. 1 Square-shaped specimens measuring 71.0 *0.5 mm shall be cut from the block specimens selectedas per the sampling procedure in 8 and as per the numberof specimens mentioned in Table 4. The contact faceand the opposite face of the specimen shall be paralleland flat. For determining the reduction in thicknessas described in E-4, the opposite face shall, ifappropriate, be ground parallel or otherwise machinedso as to be parallel.

“E-2.2 For testing dry specimens, the specimensshall be dried to constant mass at a temperatureof 105+ 5“C.

E-2.3 For testing wet/saturated specimens; thespecimens shall be immersed in water for 7 days andwiped with a damp artificial sponge prior to eachweighing (see E-3) so that all specimens appear equallydamp.

E-3 PROCEDURE

E-3.1 The den-sity of the specimen, PR shall bedetermined nearest to 0.1 g. The weight of the specimen

1COUNTERWEIGHT ~220 -1

shall be noted to nearest 0.1 g both prior to the abrasiontest and after every four cycles (see E-4).

E-3.2 In the case of two-layer specimens, the densityof specimens taken separately from the wearing layershall be determined.

E-3.3 The grinding path of the disc of the abrasiontesting machine shall be evenly strewn with 20 g ofthe standard abrasiv~ powder as per F-3 of IS 1237.The specimen shall be fixed in the holding device suchthat the testing surface faces the grinding disc. Thespecimen shall be centrally loaded with 294+3 N.

E-3.4 The grinding disc shall be run at a speed -of30 rpm. The disc shall be stopped after one cycle of22 revolutions. The disc and contact face af thespecimen shall be cleaned of abrasive powder anddebris. The specimen shall be turned 90° in theclockwise direction and 20 g of abrasive powder shallbe evenly strewn on the testing track before startingthe next cycle.

E-3.5 When testing wet/saturated specimens, priorto each cycle, the track shall be wiped with a lightlydamp artificial sponge and moistened before beingstrewn with the abrasive powder. From the start ofthe test, arrangement shall be made for drip-wettingof the central portion of the track, about 30 mm fromthe specimen (opposite to the direction of motion of

r STEEL

1LEVER

14=%mr7------------U I

PRESSURE i

SQUARE FRAME

FOR CLAMPINGTHE SPECIMEN

! 7500

%11

m—-1

I

WEIGHT

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 4 GENERAL FEATURESOF ABRASION TESTING MACHINE

13

IS 15658:2006

the disc), by supplying water drops at the rate of 180to200drops (13ml) perminute. During thistest, itshould be ensured that the abrasive powdercontinuously returns to the effective area of the track.

E-3.6 The test cycle shall be repeated 16 times, thespecimen being turned 90° in the clockwise directionand spreading of 20 g of abrasive powder on the testingtrack after each cycle.

E-4 CALCULATION

The abrasive wear of the specimen after 16 cycles oftesting shall be calculated as the mean loss in specimenvolume, AV, from the equation:

AmAV =

PR

Where :

AV = loss in volume after 16 cycle, in mm3;

Am = loss in mass after 16 cycles, in g; and

PR = density of the specimen, or in the case oftwo-layer specimens, the density of thewearing layer, in g/mm3.

E-5 REPORT

The abrasive wear shall be reported to the nearestwhole number of 1000 mm3per 5000 mm2.

ANNEX F


METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF TENSILE SPLITTING STRENGTH

F-1 APPARATUS

F-1. 1 The testing machine shall have a scale with anaccuracy ofk 3 percent over the range of the anticipatedtest loads and be capable of increasing the load atspecified rates. The machine shall be equipped witha device composed of two rigid bearers (see Fig. 5)whose contact surface has a radius of 75 + 5 mm. Thetwo bearers shall be held in the same vertical planewith a tolerance of+ 1 mm at the bearers’ end. Theupper bearer shall be able to rotate in its transverseaxis. The two packing pieces shall be 15+ 1 mm wide(see ‘b’ in Fig. 5),4*1 mm thick (see ‘a’ in Fig. 5)arrdat least 10mm longer than the anticipated fi-actureplane.The packing pieces shall be made of a material thatmeets the hardness criterion given in F-1.2.

F-1.2 When submitted to a punching test by meansof a rod of circular cross-section, having a diameterof 16 + 0.5 mm and applying a force at the rate of48 + 3 kN/min, the instantaneous penetration whenthe force of 20 + 5 kN is achieved shall be equalto 1.2* 0.4 mm.

F-2 SPECIMENS


F-3 PREPARATION

Whole specimens shall be used and any burrs, highspots, etc, shall be removed. In case a face is rough,textured or curved, it shall be prepared by grinding

or capping. The least amount of material shall beremoved to obtain a flat face. The specimens shallbe immersed in water at 20 + 5“Cfor 24 + 3 h, removed,wiped dry and immediately tested. Other methods ofpreparation may be used for routine testing, providedthere is a correlation between the two methods, forexample, using ungrounded rough textured or curvedspecimens instead of ground specimens.

F-4 PROCEDURE

F-4. 1 The specimen shall be placed on the testingmachine with the packing pieces on the upper faceand the bed face, in.contact with the bearers. It shallbe ensured that the packing pieces and the axes ofthe bearers are in line with the splitting section .of thespecimen. The splitting section shall be chosenaccording to the following order of priority:

a) The test is carried out along the longestsplitting section of the specimen, parallel andsymmetrical to the edges, in such a way thatthe distance of the splitting section to anyside face is at least 0.5 times the thicknessof the specimen over at least 75 percent ofsplitting section area.

b) If the condition in (a) cannot be met, the testis carried out along two splitting sections,chosen in such a way that the distance fromone splitting section to the other splittingsection or to any side face of the specimenis at least 0.5 times the thickness of thespecimen over at least 75 percent of thesplitting section length considered.

14

IS 15658:2006

PACKING

a = 4*lmm

PAVER BLOCK THICK

/A’L \ ;Ib=15 ilmm’

WIDE RIGID BEARERPIECES

~75i 5mm RADIUS

FIG. 5 TENSILESPLITTINGSTRENGTHTESTSETUP

c) If neither of the conditions in (a) or (b) canbe met, the splitting section shall be chosenin such a way that the greatest totalproportional section length satisfying thedistance requirement is obtained.

d) In case the section of the specimen is square,hexagonal or circular in plan, the splittingsection shall be chosen in such away that itis the shortest length passing through thecentre of the plan area.

F-4.2 The load is smoothly and progressivelyapplied at a rate which corresponds to an increase instress of 0.05 + 0.01 MPa. The-failure load (P) isrecorded in N, to the nearest 0.01 N.

F-5 CALCULATION

F- 5.1 The area of the failure plane(s) of the specimentested are

wheres=

1=

t=

calculated from the equation:

s = lxt

area of the failure, in mm2;

mean of two measurements of the failurelength, one at the top and one at the bottomof the specimen, in mm; and

mean of three measurements of thicknessat the failure plane, one in the middle and

one at either end, in mm.

F-5.2 The tensile splitting strength of the test specimenis calculated from the equation:

T = 0.637X kx (P/S)

where

T = tensile splitting strength, in MPa; and

P = failure load N.

F-5.3 The failure load per unit length of the specimenis calculated for the equation:

F = (P/1)

where F is the failure load, in N/mm.

F-5.4 If testing is conducted along two transversesections of the same specimen, the splitting tensilestrength of the specimen is the mean of the twoindividual results.

F-6 REPORT

The test report shall include the following information:

a)

b)

T, the tensile splitting strength of the specimento the nearest 0.1 MPa; and

F, the failure load per unit length of thespecimen to the nearest 10 N/mm.

15

IS 15658:2006

ANNEX G


METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF FLEXURAL STRENGTWBREAKING LOAD

G-1 APPARATUS

The apparatus for the test shall be the same as in 8of IS 516, with the following modifications:

a)

b)

c)

The supporting and loading rollers shallhave diameter in the range of 25 to 40 mm.They shall extend on both sides beyond-the dimensions of the specimens by at leastIomm;The distance from centre-to-centre of the twosupporting rollers shall be adjustable tothe overall length of the specimen minus50 mm; and

The loading roller shall be arranged forapplication of load from the top of thespecimen along the vertical centrelinebetween the supporting rollers.

G-2 SPECIMENS

The paver block specimens selected as per the samplingprocedure in 8 and as per the number of specimensin Table 4 shall be tested.

G-3 CAPPING OF SPECIMENS

G-3. 1 The test specimens shall b.ecapped by one ofthe methods described in D-3 of Annex D.

G-3.2 When specimen with surface projections orsurface relief features has to be tested, its upper faceshall be made plain by suitable capping, such as byusing sulphur or gypsum before testing.

G-4 PROCEDURE

The test procedure shall be the sameasin8ofIS516,with the - “’ “ ““- “

a)

b)

c)

rouowmg momrlcatlons:

The load shall be applied from the top ofthe specimen in the form of a simple beamloading through a roller placed midwaybetween the supporting rollers, as shownin Fig. .6. Loading of irregular-shapedspecimens shall be as shown in Fig. 7.

The 10M shall be applied without shockand increased continuously at a uniform rateof6 kN/min.

The load shall be increased until the specimenfails, and the maximum load applied shallbe recorded to the nearest N.

G-5 CALCULATION

The fiexural strength of the specimen shall becalculated as follows:

where

&=p=

1 .

b=

-3PIF~=—

2b#

flexural strength, in N/mm2;

maximum load, in M,

distance between central lines ofsupporting rollers, in mm;

average width of block, measured from

d.

both Faces of the specimen, in mm; and

average thickness, measured from bothends of the fracture line, -inmm.

The maximum load P shall be reported as-the breakingload, nearest to 1 N.

G-6 REPORT

The individual and average flexural strength andbreaking load of the specimens tested as per G-1to G-5 shall be reported.

G7 SUGGIKWEDVALUESOF CHARACTERISTICBREAKING LOAD

The suggested values of minimum breaking loadfor different applications are given below:

Application Minimum -BreakingLoad kN

Residential pathways/public 2pedestrian paths

Residential driveways — 3Light veliicles/publicpedestrian and light vehiclepaths

Residential driveways — 5Commercial vehicles/publicpedestrian and commercialvehicle paths

Regularly trafficked roads 6

Heavy duty/industrial roads 7

16

L - OVERALL LENGTH OF THE SPECIMENPARALLEL TO THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS (mm)

/ - OVERALL LENGTH 50mmP - LOAD

IS 15658:2006

~ TEST SPECIMEN !

FIG. 6 METHODOFLOADINGTESTSPECIMENFORFLEXURALSTRENGTH/BREAKINGLOAD

LINES OF SUPPORTPOINTS

\

—. —.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.—.

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 7 LOADINGOFCOMMONIRREGULARSHAPESOFFLEXURALSTRENGTH/BREAKING

LOADTEST

17

IS 15658:2006

ANNEX H


METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF FREEZE-THAW DURABILITY

H-1 SCOPE

This method covers the determination of the resistanceof concrete.paver blocks to repeated cycles of freezingand thawing when filly submerged in 3 percent sodiumchloride solution.

H-2 APPARATUS

H-2.1 The freezing apparatus shall consist of a suitablecabinet or cold room with controls to reach and maintainan air temperature of–15 + 2°C within 1 h of-theintroduction of specimens.

H-2,2 The thawing chamber (cabinet or room) shallbe suitable to maintain a controlled air temperatureof23 + 3°c.

H-2.3 The moist chamber (cabinet or room) shall besuitable to maintain a controlled air temperature of23+ 2°C and a relative humidity of 90 percent. If storagein water is desirable, a saturated lime solution shallbe used, and the temperature shall be maintained at23* 2°C.

H-2.4 For measuring fine spalled material, a balancehaving a capacity of not less than 500 g sensitive to0.1 g shall be used. For measuring the dry weight ofpaver blocks, a balance having a capacity of not lessthan.5 000 g sensitive to 1 g shall be used.

H-2.5 The drying oven shall be capable of beingmaintained at 110 + 5°C, and the rate of evaporationshall average at ieast 25 g per hour. This rate shall bedetermined by the loss of water from 1 L Griffin low-form beakers, each containing 500 g of water at atemperature of 23 + 2“C, placed at each comer and atthe centre of each shelf of the oven, and heated forat least 4 h, during which period the doors of the ovenshall be kept closed.

H-2.6 The containers shall be made ofnon-corrodingmaterial and have such dimensions as to permit completesubmersion of the specimens in the saline solution.

H-3 SPECIMENS


H-4 PROCEDURE

H-4. 1 The specimens shall be oven dried for not lessthan 24 hand until two successive weighing at intervalsof 2 h show an increment of loss of not greater than

0.2 percent of the last previously determined weightof the specimen.

H-4.2 One freeze-thaw cycle shall be completed every24 h. The cycle shall consist of 16 * 1 h of freezing,followed by 8 * 1.h of thawing. If for any reason athaw period cannot commence at the specified time,the specimens shall remain in a frozen condition untilconditions are suitable for resumption of the test.

H-4.3 Following the completion of the oven dryingand cooling to room temperature, the specimens shallbe placed in individual containers with the bottomsurface of the specimens resting on the glass, stainlesssteel, ceramic, or plastic spacers (approximately 3 mmhigh) to ensure exposure of at least 95 percent of thebottom surfaces to the saline solution.

H-4.4 The containers shall be filled with a 3 percentsodium chloride solution at a temperature of 23 * 3°Cfor 24 h. The level of the solution shall be at least2 mm above the surface of the specimens, but excessvolume of solution shall be avoided in order to ensurerapid freezing of the specimens.

H-4.5 Following the 24 h saturation period, thespecimens shall be subjected to continuous fieeze-thaw cycles as outlined in H-4.2.

H-4.6 Atler 10,25 and 50 cycles the specimens shallbe washed with 3 percent sodium chloride solutionto remove all loose particles. These particles and spalledmaterial, collected at the bottom of the containers,shall be washed, stained through a filter, and dried toconstant weight. This residue shall be defined as weightloss and expressed as a percent of the initial dry weightof the specimens. The residue shall be cumulativelyweighed after 10, 25 and 50 cycles.

H-4.7 A new solution of 3 percent sodium chlorideshall be used following each weight loss determination.The 24 h pre-soakingperiod shall be waived at IOand25 cycles, provided that the specimens are maintainedin a saturated condition during weight determinations.

H-5 CALCULATRIN

-H-5.1 The weight loss shall be calculatedto the nearest0.01 percent.

H-5.2 The test shall continue until 50 freeze-thawcycles have been completed unless the test specimenshave disintegrated or lost more than 1.0 percent oftheir original dry weight. If, because of high spallinglosses or disintegration, testing-of the specimen has

18

IS 15658:2006

to be terminated prematurely, the weight loss shallbe determined (see H-4.6) and added to.the previouslost weight.

H-6 REPORT

The report shall include the following:

a) Identification of specimens;

b) IXmensions;

c) Weight losses of the specimens and theaverage results after 10,25 and 50 cycles orat the time of termination of the test;

d) Number of cycles at termination time;

e) Visual rating of the specimens after 10,25 and50 cycles in accordance with the followingscale:

1) O : no scaling;

2) 1 : very slight scaling (3 mm depthmaximum. No coarse aggregate visible);

3) 2: slight to moderate scaling;

4) 3 : moderate scaling (some coarseaggregates visible on 50 percent of thesurface);

5) 4: moderate to severe scaling (somecoarse aggregates visible on 75 percentof the surface);

(i) 5 : severe scaling (coarse aggregatesvisible on 100 percent of the surface);

t) Description of the damages suffered by thespecimens, and photographs where possible;

g) Manufacturer;

h) Date; and

j) Batch.

H-7 GUIDE FOR DURABILITYCHARACTERISTICS

H-7.1 As a guide to the purchaser, the durabilitycharacteristics given in H-7.2 maybe adopted.

H-7.2 When tested in accordance with this method,the average weight loss of three paver blocks, afterhaving been subjected to 50 freeze-thaw cycles whiletotally immersed in a 3 percent sodium chloride solution,shall not exceed 1.00 percent of the initial constantdry weight of the specimens,

ANNEX J

(Foreword)

COMMI’ITEE COMPOSITION

Flooring, Wall Finishing and Roofing Sectional Committee, CED 5

Organization

Institution of Engineers (India), New Delhi

Builder’s Association of India, New Delhi

Building Materials and Technology PromotionNew Delhi

Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee

Central Public Works Department, New Delhi

Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi

Construction Industry Development Council,

Dyna Bricks (1) Pvt Ltd, Noida

Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch, New Delhi

Representative(s)

SHRI P.B. VUAY(Chairman)

SHRI PAWANTALWARSHRIVIJAYTALWAR(Alternate)

Council, SHRIS. K. GUPTA

New Delhi

SHRIPANKAJGUPTA(Alternate)

SHRI B. K. RAOSHRI ACHAL MITTAL (Alternate)

CHIEF ENGINEER(CSQ)SUPERINTENDINGENGINEER(S&S)

SHRI SATENDERKUMARDR S. D. SHAR~A (Alternate)

SHRI P. R. SWARUPSHRI RAJEEVJAIN (Alternate)

SHRI ASHUTOSHDIKSHIT

SHRIMATIUPINDERKAURSHRIMATI RIVOO MAHINDRU (Alternate)

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IS 15658:2006

Organization

Engineers India Limited, New Delhi

Grasim Industries Limited, Jodhpur

H.R. Johnson (India) Limited, Dewas

Indian Institute of Architecture, Mumbai

Indian hlstitut eofTechnology,Ne wDelhi

Llyod Insulation (India) Pvt Limited, New DeIhi

Masonry Producer Association of India, Chennai

“Modern Tiles & Marble, New DeIhi

National Council for Cement and Building Materials,Ballabgarh

National Test House (NR), Kolkata

National Tiles Corporation, Panchkula

Premier Polyfilm Ltd, Ghaziabad

Prodorite Anti-Corrosive Limited, Chennai

Public Works Department, Chennai

Rashtriya Chemical and Fertilizer Limited, Mumbai

Research, Designs and Standards Organization, Lucknow

Shalimar Tar Products, Kolkata

Super Tiles & Marble Pvt Ltd, Mumbai

In personal capacity (B-190, Sector 55, Noida-201301)

In personal capacity [C-474B, Sushant Lok, Phase-1,Gurgaon-122002 (Haryana)]

BI S Directorate General

Representative(s)

SHRi J. K. BH~GCHANLMN~SHRI S. MAJUMDAR(Alternate)

SHRIB. C. CHATTOPADHYAYA

SHRI S. G. HEGDESHRI G. S. PATNAJK(Alternate)

SHRI JATINDERKUMAR SAJGALSHRI KAPIL MEHTA (Alternate)

DR SUPRATICGUPTA

SHRI MOHIT KHANNASHRI K. K. MITRA (Alternate)

SHRIT. S. MURLIDR CHRISTOPHERSAMUEL(Alternate)

SHRISUBHASHKAPOORSHRI KAMESWARRAU (Alternate)

SHRI S.”K. BREJA

SHRI D. K. KANUNGO

SHRI PREM CHAND GUPTASHRI S. R. GARG(Alternate)

DR SANJEEVVERMA

SHRI M. ANNAMALAIDR P, SACHINDRAPAL(Afternate)

SUPERINTENDINGENGINEER(P&D)EXECUTIVE ENGINEER(Alternate)

SHRI S. N. PRASAD

EXECUTIVE ENGINEER(P&DII)EXECUTIVEENGINEER(P&D I) (Alternate)

W.pRE5ENTATWE

SHRI ASHOK RAJPUROHITSHRi SUDHAKARMODI (Ahernate)

SHRI R. S. SHUW-A

SHRI O. P. RATRA

SHR1J. C. ARORA,Scientist ‘E’ and Head (CED)

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[Representing Director General (Ex-oficio)]

Member Secretary

SHRI D. BHADRA

Scientist ‘B’ (CED), BIS

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Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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Documents

IS 15658 (2006): Precast concrete blocks for paving