IRI Construccion

8/10/2019 IRI Construccion

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November 8,2005November 8,2005


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BENEFITS OF SMOOTHBENEFITS OF SMOOTHPAVEMENTSPAVEMENTS


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Benefits of Smooth PavementsBenefits of Smooth Pavements

1.1. Smoother roads are important to theSmoother roads are important to theroad users (taxpayer)road users (taxpayer)

2. Smoother roads last longer 2. Smoother roads last longer 3. Smoother roads stay smoother longer 3. Smoother roads stay smoother longer 4. Smoother roads save money4. Smoother roads save money5. Smoother roads are safer 5. Smoother roads are safer 6. Smoother roads improve mobility6. Smoother roads improve mobility


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1.1. Smoother Roads areSmoother Roads areImportant to the RoadImportant to the Road

Users!Users!


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Important to the Road UsersImportant to the Road Users

1996 National Quality Initiative1996 National Quality Initiative(NQI) survey asked roadway(NQI) survey asked roadwayusers what they wanted improvedusers what they wanted improved

in the highway system:in the highway system:Pavement Condition (31%)Pavement Condition (31%)Safety (21%)Safety (21%)Traffic Flow (19%)Traffic Flow (19%)

Bridge Conditions (10%)Bridge Conditions (10%)


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Important to the Road User Important to the Road User

2000 Follow2000 Follow--up surveyup survey


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Important to the Road User Important to the Road User

Results from the AASHO road testResults from the AASHO road testshowed road users judge a roadshowed road users judge a roadprimarily by its ride qualityprimarily by its ride quality


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2. Smoother Roads Last2. Smoother Roads LastLonger!Longer!


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Smoother Roads Last Longer Smoother Roads Last Longer

Research has shown thatResearch has shown thatpavements that are builtpavements that are builtsmoother last longer smoother last longer

NCHRP 1-31


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3. Smoother Roads stay3. Smoother Roads staySmoother Longer!Smoother Longer!


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Dynamic Loads Increase with RoughnessDynamic Loads Increase with Roughness

Dynamic loadsDynamic loadsincrease withincrease withIRIIRI

Different axleDifferent axletypes respondtypes responddifferentlydifferently


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4. Smoother Roads Save4. Smoother Roads SaveMoney!Money!


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Improved Gas Mileage:Improved Gas Mileage: WESTRACKWESTRACKBefore pavement rehabilitation: MileageBefore pavement rehabilitation: Mileage1.79 km/l (4.2 mi/gal)1.79 km/l (4.2 mi/gal)

After rehabilitation After rehabilitation - - Roughness reducedRoughness reducedby 10%: Mileage 1.86 km/l (4.4 mi/gal)by 10%: Mileage 1.86 km/l (4.4 mi/gal)Roughness reduced by 10%, gas mileageRoughness reduced by 10%, gas mileageincreased by 4.5%increased by 4.5%


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Improved Gas Mileage:Improved Gas Mileage: NCATNCATTrackTrack

Fuel Economy and Roughness v s Time

4.14.24.34.44.54.64.74.84.9

55.1

1-Oct-00 20-Nov-00 9-Jan-01 28-Feb-01 19-Apr-01 8-Jun-01 28-Jul-01 16-Sep-01

Time

m p g

1.001.021.041.061.081.101.121.141.161.181.20

I R I ( m / k m

)

mpg IRI

Lower IRI BetterGas Mileage


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The evidence that remains today from the paved roads ofThe evidence that remains today from the paved roads ofthe Roman Empire suggests that roughness must havethe Roman Empire suggests that roughness must have

been a concern for chariot travel.been a concern for chariot travel.

Adapted from Everything You Always Wanted to Know about the IRI, But Were Afraid to Ask! by Thomas D. Gillespie, Ph.D., UMTRI


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Vehicle Maintenance Costs areVehicle Maintenance Costs areLower on Smoother RoadsLower on Smoother Roads

HigherHigherroughnessroughnessincreasesincreasesvehiclevehiclerepair costrepair cost


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5. Smoother Roads are5. Smoother Roads are

Safer!Safer!


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6. Smoother Roads6. Smoother Roads

Improve Mobility!Improve Mobility!


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Smoother Roads Improve MobilitySmoother Roads Improve Mobility

Poor and roughPoor and roughpavements canpavements cancause vehicles tocause vehicles toreduce speed byreduce speed bybrakingbrakingCan affect smoothCan affect smoothtraffic flowtraffic flow


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TRENDS IN SMOOTHNESSTRENDS IN SMOOTHNESSSPECICIFICATIONSSPECICIFICATIONS


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Smoothness Specifications:Smoothness Specifications: Asphalt Concrete Pavements Asphalt Concrete Pavements

A survey of State DOTs was conducted in A survey of State DOTs was conducted in2000 to find smoothness index used for2000 to find smoothness index used forconstruction acceptance (Rizzo, FHWA MIconstruction acceptance (Rizzo, FHWA MIdivision, results released in 2000)division, results released in 2000)

Profile Index (16)Profile Index (16)IRI (4)IRI (4)Straightedge (6)Straightedge (6)

Other (6)Other (6)


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Smoothness Specifications:Smoothness Specifications:Concrete PavementsConcrete Pavements

A survey of State DOTs was conducted in A survey of State DOTs was conducted in2000 to find smoothness index used for2000 to find smoothness index used forconstruction acceptance (Rizzo, FHWA MIconstruction acceptance (Rizzo, FHWA MIdivision, results released in 2000)division, results released in 2000)

Profile Index (25)Profile Index (25)IRI (1)IRI (1)Straightedge (3)Straightedge (3)

Other (2)Other (2)


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Current StatusCurrent StatusMany states that used Profile Index (PI) forMany states that used Profile Index (PI) forconstruction acceptance are now using IRIconstruction acceptance are now using IRISeveral states that are currently usingSeveral states that are currently usingProfile Index (PI) for constructionProfile Index (PI) for constructionacceptance are looking into switching to IRIacceptance are looking into switching to IRI

Among the states that are currently using Among the states that are currently usingIRI for construction acceptance are:IRI for construction acceptance are:Pennsylvania, Texas, New York, Maryland,Pennsylvania, Texas, New York, Maryland,Virginia, Minnesota, New Mexico, Louisiana,Virginia, Minnesota, New Mexico, Louisiana,

Arkansas, Idaho, South Dakota, Montana, Arkansas, Idaho, South Dakota, Montana,Wyoming, WashingtonWyoming, Washington


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PENNSYLVANIAPENNSYLVANIASMOOTHNESSSMOOTHNESS

SPECIFICATIONSPECIFICATION


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Evolution of PennsylvaniaEvolution of PennsylvaniaSmoothness SpecificationsSmoothness Specifications

In 2000, changed ride specificationsIn 2000, changed ride specificationsfrom PI to IRIfrom PI to IRI

Bonus, penalty, and corrective actionBonus, penalty, and corrective action

Maximum acceptable IRI for 0.1 mileMaximum acceptable IRI for 0.1 milesegment was 95 inches/mile (IRI issegment was 95 inches/mile (IRI isaverage IRI of left and right wheelaverage IRI of left and right wheelpaths)paths)


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Evolution of PennsylvaniaEvolution of PennsylvaniaSmoothness SpecificationsSmoothness Specifications

In 2002 lowered maximum acceptableIn 2002 lowered maximum acceptableIRI (for 0.1 mile segment) from 95 toIRI (for 0.1 mile segment) from 95 to70 in/mile for both asphalt and70 in/mile for both asphalt and

concrete pavementsconcrete pavementsCorrective action needed if IRI > 70Corrective action needed if IRI > 70in/milein/mile

Incentive pay available for smootherIncentive pay available for smootherpavementspavements


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Current SpecificationCurrent Specification

A lot is 0.1 mile of a single pavement A lot is 0.1 mile of a single pavementlanelane

Mean IRI (average IRI of left and rightMean IRI (average IRI of left and rightwheel path) is used to determine ridewheel path) is used to determine ride

qualityquality


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Current Specification: AsphaltCurrent Specification: Asphalt

Operation: scratch course, profileOperation: scratch course, profilemilling, leveling course, binder course,milling, leveling course, binder course,wearing coursewearing course


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Current Specification: AsphaltCurrent Specification: Asphalt

Operation: scratch course, profileOperation: scratch course, profilemilling, leveling course, binder course,milling, leveling course, binder course,wearing coursewearing course


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Current Specification:Current Specification:ConcreteConcrete


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Comparison Asphalt vsComparison Asphalt vsConcrete: ExpresswaysConcrete: Expressways


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Corrective ActionCorrective Action

Lots not meeting specification mustLots not meeting specification mustbe correctedbe correctedPavement tested after correctivePavement tested after correctiveactionaction

Corrected lots can get incentiveCorrected lots can get incentive After corrective action, contractor After corrective action, contractormay leave a defective lot in place ifmay leave a defective lot in place ifDistrict Executive provides writtenDistrict Executive provides written

approval and if the contractor acceptsapproval and if the contractor acceptsa $4,000 downward adjustment in thea $4,000 downward adjustment in theamount paid for the lotamount paid for the lot


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AASHTO (AMERICAN AASHTO (AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ASSOCIATION OFSTATE HIGHWAYSTATE HIGHWAY

AND ANDTRANSPORTATIONTRANSPORTATION

OFFICIALS)OFFICIALS)PROVISIONALPROVISIONALSTANDARDSSTANDARDS


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AASHTO Provisional Standards AASHTO Provisional Standardson Smoothnesson Smoothness

MP 11: Standard EquipmentMP 11: Standard EquipmentSpecification for an Inertial Profiler Specification for an Inertial Profiler PP 49: Standard Practice for CertificationPP 49: Standard Practice for Certification

of Inertial Profiling Systemsof Inertial Profiling SystemsPP 50: Standard Practice for OperatingPP 50: Standard Practice for OperatingInertial Profilers and EvaluatingInertial Profilers and EvaluatingPavement ProfilesPavement Profiles

PP 51: Standard Practice for PavementPP 51: Standard Practice for PavementRide Quality when Measured UsingRide Quality when Measured UsingInertial Profiling SystemsInertial Profiling Systems


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Standard Equipment SpecificationStandard Equipment Specification(MP(MP--11)11)

Describes the requirements of an inertialDescribes the requirements of an inertialprofiler profiler

Accuracy requirements and calibration of Accuracy requirements and calibration ofheight sensor, accelerometer, distanceheight sensor, accelerometer, distancemeasuring instrumentmeasuring instrument

Data filteringData filtering

Data recording intervalData recording interval

Operating speedOperating speed

Data storageData storageCalculation of roughness indicesCalculation of roughness indices


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Certification of Profilers (PPCertification of Profilers (PP--49)49)Describes certification procedures forDescribes certification procedures forprofilersprofilers

Static check to check accuracy of heightStatic check to check accuracy of heightsensor sensor

Distance measuring check to checkDistance measuring check to check

accuracy of distance measuring instrumentaccuracy of distance measuring instrumentBounce test to check if accelerometers areBounce test to check if accelerometers areworking properlyworking properly

Requirements of test sectionsRequirements of test sections

Procedures to analyze data and verify IRIProcedures to analyze data and verify IRIvalues obtained by the profiler values obtained by the profiler


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Operating Inertial Profilers andOperating Inertial Profilers andEvaluating Pavement Profiles (PP 50)Evaluating Pavement Profiles (PP 50)

Describes procedures for verifying theDescribes procedures for verifying thecalibration of profiler components and forcalibration of profiler components and foroperating an inertial profiler operating an inertial profiler

Verifying if the distance measuring systemVerifying if the distance measuring system

and the height sensor is within the specifiedand the height sensor is within the specifiedaccuracyaccuracy

Procedures to check if the accelerometers areProcedures to check if the accelerometers areworking correctlyworking correctly

Procedures to follow during data collectionProcedures to follow during data collection(e.g., speed requirements, path to profile etc)(e.g., speed requirements, path to profile etc)Procedures to resolve disputesProcedures to resolve disputes


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Belly Dump

Cap. 20-22 Tons


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Belly Dump Trailers & WindrowHead in Texas


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Why Use MTVWhy Use MTV

Eliminate Physical SegregationEliminate Physical SegregationReRe--Mix HMAMix HMAProvide Site StorageProvide Site StorageStop Truck DelaysStop Truck DelaysEliminate Paver Stops/StartEliminate Paver Stops/StartSmoother Roads Last Longer Smoother Roads Last Longer

Require Less MaintenanceRequire Less Maintenance


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What the Customer Demands:What the Customer Demands:Pavement SmoothnessPavement Smoothness

Consistent Product QualityConsistent Product Quality

Long Life PavementLong Life PavementUniformity of DensityUniformity of DensityEliminate Material SegregationEliminate Material Segregation

Speed of constructionSpeed of construction

Minimizing Traffic DelaysMinimizing Traffic Delays

Low PriceLow Price


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ARE WE THERE YET? ARE WE THERE YET?


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Hwy. 70, Florida


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Toronto, Ontario


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I-80 , Ohio Turnpike, Truck Ends


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No, Not Until We Solve Truck EndSegregation


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MTV Feeds Paver Over String LinesMTV Feeds Paver Over String Lines ::


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San Francisco International

Airport


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Paving High Banked RacePaving High Banked RaceTrack with MTV:Track with MTV:


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Augers Are Used on Some Cedar RapidsPavers in Lieu of Slat Conveyors

Carrying HMA From the Hopper to the Augers


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Superpave


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6 Months

Later

End of Load

Segregation

WHY?


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THERMAL SEGREGATIONTHERMAL SEGREGATIONTemperature DifferentialsTemperature Differentials

WDOT & University of WashingtonWDOT & University of Washington--19961996Stephen Read/Dr. Joe MaloneyStephen Read/Dr. Joe MaloneyLead states of Washington, Minnesota, Texas,Lead states of Washington, Minnesota, Texas,CaliforniaCaliforniaSpecs in Washington, Arkansas, Texas,Specs in Washington, Arkansas, Texas,MassachusettsMassachusettsIncreased Interest (Auburn, Clemson, & TTI)Increased Interest (Auburn, Clemson, & TTI)ROADTEC ResearchROADTEC Research- -Technical AssistanceTechnical Assistance


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*>232 9F


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Segregation Free area

*>232.9 F

*232 9F


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Spot 1226.0

Spot 2224.5

Spot 3214.2

Spot 4206.5

*>232.9 F

*


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Birth of a Pot HoleBirth of a Pot Hole

Spot 1276.2

Spot 2251.1

Spot 3223.9

Spot 4268.0

Spot 5297.2

*>310.0F

*


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*>268 1F


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182.5

231.1

266.5

>268.1 F

*


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Spot 1261.6

Spot 2246.8

Spot 3276.0

Spot 4247.2

Spot 5221.4

*>290.0F

*


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End Dump/No MTVEnd Dump/No MTV

290.5

148.9

>302.0


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End Dump/No MTVEnd Dump/No MTV

94.6%

201.2

89.8%

154.392.7%176.6

93.7%

194.992.4%

204.387.8%

206.0

*>237.6

*


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85.4%

196.990.0%

195.594.5%

218.689.0%

186.7

94.2%

223.7

*>252.7F

*


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End Dump/Roadtec Shuttle BuggyEnd Dump/Roadtec Shuttle Buggy

294.0

148.9168.9

*>164.4

*


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Min Mean Max

251.8 260.0 263.3

*>275.7

*


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280.7

144.8

*>289.9

*


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91.8%

227.6

91.8%

231.3

92.4%

234.8

93.8%237.0

91.8%

237.6

*>252.7

*


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End Dump/BlawEnd Dump/Blaw Knox MCKnox MC


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End Dump/BlawEnd Dump/Blaw--Knox MCKnox MC--3030

226.6

276.4

*>295.7

*


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End Dump/BlawEnd Dump/Blaw--Knox MCKnox MC--3030

205.3

284.1

229.4

>302.0


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Thermal SegregationThermal Segregation

2020 DifferentialDifferential--1% to 2% Air1% to 2% AirVoidsVoids

Over 7% Air Voids Reduces LifeOver 7% Air Voids Reduces LifeEach 1% Over Each 1% Over- -Reduces Life 10%Reduces Life 10%


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UPDATEUPDATE

TTITTI--Research on thermal segregationResearch on thermal segregation---- ----Tom ScullionTom Scullion

Auburn Auburn --------Dr. M. StroupDr. M. Stroup--Gardiner Gardiner TRBTRB ReportReport--------Initial Ride Quality of HMAInitial Ride Quality of HMAPavementsPavementsClemsonClemson --------Dr. Serji A. AmirkhanianDr. Serji A. Amirkhanian

TTI Development Team

T S lli


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Tom Scullion

Wenting Liu

Gerry Harrison


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Real Time Thermo-imaging in Texas


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DMI

Sensor Bar

MLS Test Pad Ty D sample IR dataMLS Test Pad Ty D sample IR data


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MLS Test Pad Ty D sample IR dataMLS Test Pad Ty D sample IR data


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CONCLUSION:CONCLUSION:

Initial Ride Quality can be improved byInitial Ride Quality can be improved byminimizing stops and including a materialminimizing stops and including a materialtransfer devicetransfer deviceWhen used properly, MTVs improved theWhen used properly, MTVs improved theride quality and eliminated thermal &ride quality and eliminated thermal &physical segregationphysical segregationResults show no significant thermalResults show no significant thermalsegregation when a material transfersegregation when a material transferdevice was useddevice was used

OWNERSHIP:


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Purchase Price $ 375,000

20% Residual Value $ 75,000

NET: $ 300,000

5 Year Depreciation $ 60,000

1% Annual Insurance $ 3,000

1% Tax $ 3,000

ANNUAL TOTAL: $ 66,000

Hourly Cost Based 500 hrs 750 hrs 1000 hrs 1200 hrs

On Annual Usage $ 132.00 $ 88.00 $ 66.00 $ 55.00

.


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SAVINGSSAVINGS

Eliminate Truck DelayEliminate Truck DelayReduce Trucking Costs (25%)Reduce Trucking Costs (25%)Increase Productivity (25%)Increase Productivity (25%)


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ROADTECROADTEC SERVICESSERVICES

Thermography ResearchThermography ResearchCertified Thermographer Certified Thermographer

Research on your projects, your materials,Research on your projects, your materials,your timetableyour timetableEquipmentEquipmentBirth of a PotholeBirth of a Pothole

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IRI Construccion