IPv6 in a Network Processor Based Router

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IPv6 in a Network Processor Based RouterIPv6 in a Network Processor Based Router

John DuJohn Du

Scott HahnScott Hahn

Intel CorporationIntel Corporation

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AgendaAgenda

What is IPv6?What is IPv6?

Network ProcessorsNetwork Processors

NPF APIs and ForCES ProtocolNPF APIs and ForCES Protocol

Putting it all togetherPutting it all together

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IPv6 is the next-generation Internet protocolIPv6 is the next-generation Internet protocol

– Standardized by the IETF Standardized by the IETF

Designed to provide inexhaustible addressesDesigned to provide inexhaustible addresses

– 32 bit addresses for IPv432 bit addresses for IPv4– 128 bit addresses for IPv6128 bit addresses for IPv6

Greatly enhanced auto configuration capabilitiesGreatly enhanced auto configuration capabilities

Provides better solutions forProvides better solutions for

– Peer to Peer applicationsPeer to Peer applications– MobilityMobility– SecuritySecurity

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Drivers Behind IPv6Drivers Behind IPv6

Address shortage, especially in AsiaAddress shortage, especially in Asia

– Governments mandate a move to IPv6Governments mandate a move to IPv6

IP Services in Wireless NetworksIP Services in Wireless Networks

– Mobile Phones, HandheldsMobile Phones, Handhelds

More IP enabled devices in HomeMore IP enabled devices in Home

– CE Devices, Always ON Devices, New ServicesCE Devices, Always ON Devices, New Services

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IPv6 is Happening!IPv6 is Happening!

Major Operating Systems support IPv6 todayMajor Operating Systems support IPv6 today

Governmental and Organizational MandatesGovernmental and Organizational Mandates

Network Equipment Manufacturers seeing increasing Network Equipment Manufacturers seeing increasing demand for IPv6 supportdemand for IPv6 support

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IPv6 StandardsIPv6 Standards

Core IPv6 specifications are well-tested & stableCore IPv6 specifications are well-tested & stable

– IPv6 base spec, ICMPv6, Neighbor Discovery,IPv6 base spec, ICMPv6, Neighbor Discovery,PMTU Discovery,...PMTU Discovery,...

Other important specs are further behind on the Other important specs are further behind on the standards track, but in good shapestandards track, but in good shape

– mobile IPv6, header compression,...mobile IPv6, header compression,...

Some IPv6 related standards still being refinedSome IPv6 related standards still being refined

– Methods for address prefix delegation, flow label usage, DNS Methods for address prefix delegation, flow label usage, DNS server discovery server discovery

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AgendaAgenda





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Data Plane (DP)

Wire speed packet processing

NPUs:Programmability for new services

Control Plane (CP)Executes Routing Protocol, stacks, etc.

Standardized APIs to program Data Plane

HW

(PHY, MAC, NPE, SAR,

etc.)

SW (Protocols, Apps, OS)

Modular Network EquipmentModular Network Equipment

InterconnectProtocol

Scalable, extensible, interoperable CP to

DP interconnect model

Traditional Design

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Data Plane



Control PlaneExecutes Routing Protocol, stacks, etc.



Special Special Microprocessors for Microprocessors for Packet Processing Packet Processing and Forwardingand Forwarding

Replace ASIC based Replace ASIC based Data Plane with Highly Data Plane with Highly Programmable Data Programmable Data PlanePlane

Easy to add New Easy to add New FunctionalityFunctionality

Update Software; Not Update Software; Not HardwareHardware


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Packet ProcessingPacket Processing

Each Logical Function Block (LFB) performs a well-defined functionEach Logical Function Block (LFB) performs a well-defined function

Chained together to perform various operationsChained together to perform various operations

ReceiveBlock

Layer 3Forwarding

Block

Transmit Block

Metering &Marking

Block

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IPv6 Packet ProcessingIPv6 Packet Processing

IPv6 Forwarding Logical Function BlockIPv6 Forwarding Logical Function Block

– Forwards IPv6 PacketsForwards IPv6 Packets– Routing and some ICMP Packets to Control PlaneRouting and some ICMP Packets to Control Plane

ReceiveBlock

IPv4Forwarding

Block

Transmit Block

IPv6 Forwarding

Block

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IPv4/IPv6 Interoperability LFBIPv4/IPv6 Interoperability LFB

ReceiveBlock

IPv4Forwarding

Block

Transmit Block

IPv6 Forwarding

Block

IPv4/IPv6Interoperability

Block

Encapsulate/Decapsulate Encapsulate/Decapsulate IPv6 in IPv4IPv6 in IPv4

Supports the following IPv6 Supports the following IPv6 Transition mechanismsTransition mechanisms

– Automatic TunnelingAutomatic Tunneling

– Configured TunnelingConfigured Tunneling

– 6to4 Transition Mech6to4 Transition Mech

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AgendaAgenda





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Data Plane



Control PlaneExecutes Routing Protocol, stacks, etc.


Standard InterfacesStandard Interfaces


NPF APIsNPF APIs

IETF IETF ForCESForCES

NPF: Network Processing ForumForCES: Forwarding and Control Element Separation

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Network ProcessingForumNetwork ProcessingForum Industry-wide forum, 90+ membersIndustry-wide forum, 90+ members

Encourages the growth and effective use of network Encourages the growth and effective use of network processing technology (switch fabrics, NPUs, co-processing technology (switch fabrics, NPUs, co-processors) throughprocessors) through

– SpecificationsSpecifications– BenchmarkingBenchmarking– InteroperabilityInteroperability– EducationEducation

NPF Software APIsNPF Software APIs

– Software API Framework and FoundationsSoftware API Framework and Foundations– IPv4 Forwarding and ARPIPv4 Forwarding and ARP– Interface ConfigurationInterface Configuration– Packet Handler APIPacket Handler API– Functional APIsFunctional APIs

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NPF IPv6 Specific APIsNPF IPv6 Specific APIs

New APIsNew APIs

– IPv6 Forwarding Table APIIPv6 Forwarding Table API– IPv6 Neighbor Cache APIIPv6 Neighbor Cache API– IPv6/IPv4 Transition Mechanisms APIIPv6/IPv4 Transition Mechanisms API

Extensions to Existing APIsExtensions to Existing APIs

– Interface Configuration APIInterface Configuration API– Functional APIFunctional API

Current StatusCurrent Status

– IPv6 study group formed (June 2002)IPv6 study group formed (June 2002)– Charter and initial deliverables being definedCharter and initial deliverables being defined

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Advantages of StandardsAdvantages of Standards

Independent Software Development from HardwareIndependent Software Development from Hardware

Network Software Portable across a wide variety of Network Software Portable across a wide variety of hardwarehardware

Interoperability -> Vendor IndependenceInteroperability -> Vendor Independence

Easy development of New ServicesEasy development of New Services

Modularity -> Better MaintainabilityModularity -> Better Maintainability

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AgendaAgenda





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Control PlaneControl Plane

ForCES Component

NPF API Component (Including IPv6 APIs)

Data PlaneData Plane

Packet Processing Components (Incl. IPv6 LFBs)

IPv6 Routing Stack Config. & Mgmt. Appl.


Forwarding Plane Module

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SummarySummary

IPv6 enables continued growth of the InternetIPv6 enables continued growth of the Internet

IPv6 and IPv4 will need to co-exist IPv6 and IPv4 will need to co-exist

Network processors make it easy to track evolving Network processors make it easy to track evolving standardsstandards

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Thank YouThank You

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AcronymsAcronyms

CP – Control PlaneCP – Control Plane

CE – Control ElementCE – Control Element

NE – Network EquipmentNE – Network Equipment

FP – Forwarding PlaneFP – Forwarding Plane

FE – Forwarding ElementFE – Forwarding Element

DP – Data PlaneDP – Data Plane

NPF – Network Processing ForumNPF – Network Processing Forum

IETF – Internet Engineering Task ForceIETF – Internet Engineering Task Force

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AcronymsAcronyms

ForCES – Forwarding and Control Element SeparationForCES – Forwarding and Control Element Separation

IPv4 – Internet Protocol Version 4IPv4 – Internet Protocol Version 4

IPv6 – Internet Protocol Version 6IPv6 – Internet Protocol Version 6

PDK – Platform Development KitPDK – Platform Development Kit

API – Application Programming InterfaceAPI – Application Programming Interface

LFB – Logical Function BlockLFB – Logical Function Block

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ResourcesResources

NP ForumNP Forum

– www.npforum.org

IETF Working GroupsIETF Working Groups

– http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ipv6-charter.html– http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/ngtrans-charter.html

IPv6 ForumIPv6 Forum

– http://www.ipv6forum.com

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BackupBackup

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IPv6 ImplementationsIPv6 Implementations

Linux 2.2Linux 2.2

Sun Solaris* 2.8Sun Solaris* 2.8

HP-UX 11iHP-UX 11i

KAME, INRIA for BSDKAME, INRIA for BSD

Windows* XPWindows* XP

Nortel* BayRSNortel* BayRS

Cisco* IOS 12.2Cisco* IOS 12.2

Juniper* JUNOS 5.1Juniper* JUNOS 5.1

VxWorks* WindNet IPv6VxWorks* WindNet IPv6

*Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.

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NP

F O

perations

NPF Services APIs

NPF Functional APIs

ClassificationAPI

Traffic MgmtAPI

ThisArea NotDefinedby NPF

IPv4API

ThisArea NotDefinedby NPF

Applications

OSPF, RIP COPS, CLI, SNMP Other Applications Control PlaneApplication Space

InterconnectForCES or proprietary messaging

System Abstraction

Layer

ElementAbstraction

Layer

Packet Handler

API

InterfacesAPI

MPLSAPI

DiffservAPI

APIs

Network Processing ElementsNetwork Processing ElementsNetwork Processing Elements

NPF Software Model

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ForCES ProtocolForCES Protocol

ForCES: ForCES: ForForwarding and warding and CControl ontrol EElement lement SSeparation eparation

IETF Working GroupIETF Working Group

Protocol for communication Protocol for communication between Control Element between Control Element (CE) and Forwarding (CE) and Forwarding Elements (FE) Elements (FE)

Data model supporting Data model supporting logical functionslogical functions

Network EquipmentNetwork Equipment

ControlControl

ElementElement

ForwardingForwarding

Element 1Element 1

ForwardingForwarding

Element 2Element 2

ForCES ProtocolForCES Protocol

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The transition to IPv6The transition to IPv6 IPv6 islands emerge at the edgeIPv6 islands emerge at the edge

IPv4IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6

IPv4/IPv6IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6 IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6

Core becomes dual stackCore becomes dual stack IPv6 dominance with some IPv4 legacyIPv6 dominance with some IPv4 legacy

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IPv4/IPv6 Transition:Dual-stack techniquesIPv4/IPv6 Transition:Dual-stack techniques IPv4 and IPv6 co-exist in the same deviceIPv4 and IPv6 co-exist in the same device

– Use IPv4 to communicate with IPv4 devicesUse IPv4 to communicate with IPv4 devices– Use IPv6 to communicate with IPv6 devicesUse IPv6 to communicate with IPv6 devices

IPv4IPv4IPv4IPv4

IPv4IPv4

IPv4IPv4

IPv4IPv4

IPv4IPv4

IPv4IPv4

IPv4IPv4

IPv4IPv4

IPv4IPv4

IPv4/IPv4/IPv6IPv6IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6

IPv4IPv4/IPv6/IPv6

IPv4 PacketIPv4 Packet

IPv6 PacketIPv6 Packet

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IPv4/IPv6 Transition:Tunneling techniques IPv4/IPv6 Transition:Tunneling techniques Enable IPv6 devices to communicate across IPv4 Enable IPv6 devices to communicate across IPv4

networksnetworks

– IPv6 packet encapsulated in an IPv4 packetIPv6 packet encapsulated in an IPv4 packet

IPv4IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6

TunnelTunnelGatewayGateway

TunnelTunnelGatewayGateway

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IPv4/IPv6 Transition:Translation techniques IPv4/IPv6 Transition:Translation techniques Allow IPv6 devices to communicate with IPv4- only Allow IPv6 devices to communicate with IPv4- only

devicesdevices

IPv4IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv4

IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6

TranslationTranslationdevicedevice

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Drivers of IPv6 TransitionsDrivers of IPv6 Transitions

EnterpriseEnterprise• Geographically Geographically influencedinfluenced

Residential BroadbandResidential Broadband• Always on Always on new uses/services//devices new uses/services//devices• High speeds High speeds new home networks new home networks• Network enabled CE devicesNetwork enabled CE devices

Mobile & WirelessMobile & Wireless• New offer multimedia data servicesNew offer multimedia data services• Explosion of new IP-addressable Explosion of new IP-addressable

handheld deviceshandheld devices

IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6

IPv6IPv6

Emerging MarketsEmerging Markets• New networks/new usersNew networks/new users

IPv6IPv6

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Transitions by GeographyTransitions by Geography

JapanJapanAsiaAsia

Most address- Most address- constrainedconstrained

Proactive IPv6 Proactive IPv6 government policiesgovernment policies

Coordinated EU Coordinated EU Commission policy Commission policy

Strong momentum for Strong momentum for data over wirelessdata over wireless

Lots of addressesLots of addresses

Lots of deployed Lots of deployed infrastructureinfrastructure

But, Microsoft…But, Microsoft…

2003 - 20042003 - 2004

EuropeEurope

2004 - 20052004 - 2005

NorthNorthAmericaAmerica

2005 - 20062005 - 2006

Documents

IPv6 in a Network Processor Based Router