Ips Pressure-irrigation Installation Guide 03-2011 Web

7/27/2019 Ips Pressure-irrigation Installation Guide 03-2011 Web

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Building essentialsfor a better tomorrowINSTALLATION GUIDE

IPS PRESSUREIRRIGATION

ASTm D2241

ASTm D2241 AND/OR NRcS 430-DD


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WARNING

RUPTURE HAZARD

ImPROPER INSTALLATION OR mISUSE Of TAPPING TOOLS mAy cAUSE

PIPES UNDER hIGh PRESSURE TO RUPTURE AND RESULT IN hIGh

vELOcITy AIRbORNE fRAGmENTATION LEADING TO SERIOUS INjURIES.

BEfoRE AND DURING INsTAllATIoN, AlWAys:

cONSULT AND fOLLOw ThE fULL vERSION Of ThE PRODUcT

INSTALLATION GUIDE

cLOSELy fOLLOw jOb SPEcIfIcATIONS

USE PROTEcTIvE GEAR AND EqUIPmENT

BEfoRE AND DURING TAPPING, AlWAys:

cONSULT AND fOLLOw UNI-bELL PUbLIcATION UNI-PUb-08-07,

TAPPING GUIDE fOR Pvc PRESSURE PIPE.

USE ThE cORREcT TAPPING TOOLS

bLEED AIR fROm PIPES AT hIGh SPOT bEfORE TAPPING

USE PROTEcTIvE GEAR AND EqUIPmENT

PLEASE cONTAcT jm EAGLE PRODUcT ASSURANcE AT (800) 621-4404

TO ObTAIN fULL vERSION Of ThE APPROPRIATE INSTALLATION GUIDE

OR fOR fURThER ASSISTANcE.


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REcEIvING AND hANDLING PIPE ShIPmENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

INSPEcTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

UNLOADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

cOLD-wEAThER hANDLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

STOckPILES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

GASkET cARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

LOADING TRANSfER TRUckS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

DISTRIbUTING ALONG ThE TRENch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

TRENch cONSTRUcTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

wORkING AhEAD Of ThE PIPE LAyING cREw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

cURvES IN ThE TRENch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

1.5 INch-12 INch IPS PRESSURE AND IRRIGATION . . . . . . 14

14 INch AND LARGER PIPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

TRENch wIDThS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

TRENch DEPThS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

PLANNING fOR ThRUSTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

PREPARATION Of TRENch bOTTOm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

PIPELINE cONSTRUcTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

INSPEcTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

LOwERING PIPE AND AccESSORIES INTO TRENch . . . . . . . . . . . 19

ASSEmbLy Of jm EAGLE Pvc PIPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

cONTENTS

IRRIGATION &

IPS PRESSURE


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ASSEmbLy INSTRUcTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

cUTTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

bEvELING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

LOcATING REfERENcE mARk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

ASSEmbLy AT fITTINGS AND ADAPTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

ThRUST bLOckING AND ANchORAGE AT fITTINGS . . . . . . . . . 24

DETERmINING SIzE AND TyPE Of ThRUST bLOckING . . . 25

UPwARD ThRUSTS AT fITTINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

ANchORAGE Of PIPE ON SLOPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

ANchORAGE Of vALvES IN ThE LINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

cONSTRUcTION Of ThRUST bAckING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

ThRUST-RESTRAINT jOINTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

SERvIcE cONNEcTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

SADDLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

PIPE EmbEDmENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

bEDDING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

bAckfILLING AND TAmPING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

hAUNchING AND INITIAL bAckfILL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

cOmPLETING ThE bAckfILL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

fINAL bAckfILL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

cOmPAcTION mEThODS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

TAmPING bARS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

mEchANIcAL TAmPERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

fLOOD OR wATER TAmPING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

wATER-jETTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

ShEETING AND TRENch bOxES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36


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PIPE TESTING AND REPAIR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

PIPE DEfLEcTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

DEfLEcTION TESTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

TESTING wATER PIPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

fILLING ThE LINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

RELIEvING AIR fROm ThE LINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

PRESSURE-STRENGTh TESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

mAkING LEAkAGE TESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

mAkING REPAIRS TO DAmAGED PIPELINES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

APPENDIx 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44


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4 IRRIGATION & I.P.S. PRESSURE INSTALLATION GUIDE

ThE PhySIcAL (OR chEmIcAL) PROPERTIES Of jm EAGLE IPS PRESSURE AND

IRRIGATION PIPE PRESENTED IN ThIS bOOkLET, REPRESENT TyPIcAL vALUES

ObTAINED IN AccORDANcE wITh AccEPTED TEST mEThODS AND ARE SUbjEcT

TO NORmAL mANUfAcTURING vARIATIONS. ThEy ARE SUPPLIED AS A TEchNI-

cAL SERvIcE AND ARE SUbjEcT TO chANGE wIThOUT NOTIcE. chEck wITh

jm EAGLE PRODUcT ASSURANcE TO ENSURE cURRENT INfORmATION.

Hw THis Guide C Help Yu

Tis oolet as ritten espeiall or te installer and tose o diret

atual andling and installation o jm Eagle IPS Pressure and Irrigation

Pipe. Tis guide sould e used in onuntion it te olloing industr-

aepted installation and testing praties tat are appliale. Tis dou-

ent sould not e onsidered a ull guide or anual in lieu o:

1. ASTm D2774-04 (or later) Underground Installation o Teroplasti

Pressure Piping.

2. ASTm f690-86 (2003) (or later) Underground Installation o Tero-plasti Pressure Piping Irrigation Sstes.

3. ASTm f1668-96 (2002) (or later) constrution o buried Plasti Pipe.

4. ASTm f645-04 (or later) Seletion, Design, and Installation o Ter-

oplasti water-Pressure Piping Sstes.

5. ASTm D2321-05 (or later) Underground Installation o Teroplasti

Pipe or Seers and Oter Grait-flo Appliations.

6. AwwA c605 Underground Installation o Polinl cloride (Pvc)

Pressure Pipe and fittings or water.

7. AwwA c651 Disineting water mains.

8. AwwA m23 Pvc Pipe Design and Installation.

9. Uni-bell UNI-PUb-09 Installation Guide or Pvc Pressure Pipe.


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5IRRIGATION & I.P.S. PRESSURE INSTALLATION GUIDE

10. Uni-bell UNI-TR-6 Pvc fore main Design.

11. Uni-bell UNI-TR-7 Teroplasti Pressure Pipe Design and Seletion.

Tis guide is eant as an eplanator suppleent to te aterials aoe

on o to install jm Eagle IPS Pressure and Irrigation Pipe under noral

onditions so as to opl it Standard jm Eagle Laing Speiations.

An disrepanies eteen te aoe standards and te ritten inoration

ontained erein sould e rougt to te attention o jm Eagle Produt

Assurane iediatel or resolution jm Eagle, prior to an ations

eiter ontrator, engineer or uniipalit.

Tis guide is not intended to suppl design inoration nor to assue te re-

sponsiilit o te engineer (or oter ustoer representatie) in estalising

proedures est suited to indiidual o onditions so as to attain satisa-

tor perorane.

Engineers, superintendents, ontrators, oreen and laing res ill nd

u to guide te in te olloing speiations. Tis oolet ill also eo elp in deterining pipe needs en ordering.

* For Solvent Weld assembly instructions, refer to JM Eagle Publication

JME-07B, Solvent Weld and Conduit Installation Guide.


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wrrTY

j-m manuaturing copan In. (jm Eagle) arrants tat its standard

polinl loride (Pvc), poletlene (PE), onduit/pluing/solent eld

and Arlonitrile-butadiene-Strene (AbS) pipe produts (Produts) are

anuatured in aordane it appliale industr speiations reer-

ened on te Produt and are ree ro deets in oransip and a-

terials. Eer lai under tis arrant sall e oid unless in riting and

reeied jm Eagle itin 30 das o te date te deet as diso-

ered, and itin one (1) ear o te date o sipent ro te jm Eagle

plant. clais or Produt appearane deets, su as sun-leaed pipe

et., oeer, ust e ade itin tirt (30) das o te date o te sip-ent ro te jm Eagle plant. Tis arrant speiall eludes an Prod-

uts alloed to eoe sun-leaed ater sipent ro te jm Eagle

plant. Proo o purase it te date tereo ust e presented to te

satisation o jm Eagle, it an lai ade pursuant to tis arrant.

jm Eagle ust rst e gien an opportunit to inspet te alleged de-

etie Produts in order to deterine i it eets appliale industr stan-

dards, i te andling and installation ae een satisatoril perored in

aordane it jm Eagle reoended praties and i operating on-ditions are itin standards. written perission and/or a Return Goods

Autoriation (RGA) ust e otained along it instrutions or return sip-

ent to jm Eagle o an Produts laied to e deetie.

Te liited and elusie reed or rea o tis Liited warrant sall

e, at jm Eagles sole disretion, te replaeent o te sae tpe, sie and

lie uantit o non-deetie Produt, or redits, osets or oination o

tereo, or te olesale purase prie o te deetie unit.

Tis Liited warrant does not appl or an Produt ailures aused us-

ers aed designs or speiations, unsatisator appliations, iproper

installations, use in onuntion it inopatile aterials, ontat it

aggressie eial agents, reeing or oereating o liuids in te Produt

and an oter isuse auses not listed ere. Tis Liited warrant also e-

ludes ailure or daage aused re stopping aterials, tread sealants,plastiied inl produts or daage aused te ault or negligene o

anone oter tan jm Eagle, or an oter at or eent eond te ontrol

o jm Eagle.


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jm Eagles liailit sall not, at an tie, eeed te atual olesale pur-

ase prie o te Produt. Te arranties in tis douent are te onl

arranties appliale to te Produt and tere are no oter arranties, e-

pressed or iplied. Tis Liited warrant speiiall eludes an liail-

it or general daages, onseuential or inidental daages, inluding

itout liitation, osts inurred ro reoal, reinstallation, or oter e-

penses resulting ro an deet. ImPLIED wARRANTIES Of mERchANT-

AbILITy OR fITNESS fOR A PARTIcULAR PURPOSE ARE SPEcIfIcALLy

DIScLAImED AND jm EAGLE ShALL NOT bE LIAbLE IN ThIS RESPEcT

NOTwIThSTANDING jm EAGLES AcTUAL kNOwLEDGE ThE PROD-

UcTS INTENDED USE.

jm Eagles Produts sould e used in aordane it standards set ort

loal pluing and uilding las, odes or regulations and te appli-

ale standards. failure to adere to tese standards sall oid tis Liited

warrant. Produts sold jm Eagle tat are anuatured oters are

arranted onl to te etent and liits o te arrant o te anuaturer.

No stateent, ondut or desription jm Eagle or its representatie,

in addition to or eond tis Liited warrant, sall onstitute a arrant.

Tis Liited warrant a onl e odied in riting signed an oero jm Eagle.


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1.0 reCeiviG d HdliG pipe sHipmeTs

figure 1

1.1 INSPEcTION

Ea pipe sipent sall e inspeted it are upon arrial. Ea pipesipent is areull loaded at te ator using etods aeptale to te

arrier. Te arrier is ten responsile or deliering te pipe as reeied

ro jm Eagle. All sipents inlude an adeuate aount o luriant or

te pipe and a sort or installation guide. IT IS ThE RESPONSIbILTy Of

ThE REcEIvER TO mAkE cERTAIN ThERE hAS bEEN NO LOSS OR DAm-

AGE (inluding soe) UPON ARRIvAL.

ce te aterials, pipe, gasets and ttings reeied against te ill o

lading (tall seet tat aopanies eer sipent) in aordane it te

general guidelines elo, reporting an error or daage to te transporta-

tion opan representatie and ae proper notation ade on te delier

reeipt and signed te drier. Present te lai in aordane it te

arriers instrutions. Do not dispose o an daaged aterial. Te arrier

ill adise ou o te proedure to ollo in order to proure saples and

report te inident.

1. mAkE OvERALL ExAmINATION Of ThE LOAD. I te load is intat,

ordinar inspetion ile unloading sould e enoug to ae sure

pipe as arried in good ondition.


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2. If LOAD hAS ShIfTED OR ShOwS ROUGh TREATmENT, ThEN

EAch PIEcE mUST bE cAREfULLy INSPEcTED fOR DAmAGE.

3. chEck ThE TOTAL qUANTITIES Of EAch ITEm AGAINST ThE

TALLy ShEET (pipe, ttings, luriant, et.).

4. ANy DAmAGED OR mISSING ITEmS mUST bE NOTED ON ThE

DELIvERy REcEIPT AND RETURNED TO ThE TRANSPORTATION

cOmPANy.

5. NOTIfy cARRIER ImmEDIATELy AND mAkE cLAIm IN AccOR-

DANcE wITh ThEIR INSTRUcTIONS.

6. DO NOT DISPOSE Of ANy DAmAGED mATERIAL. carrier ill noti

ou o te proedure to ollo.

7. ShORTAGES AND DAmAGED mATERIALS ARE NOT AUTOmATIcAL-Ly REShIPPED. I replaeent aterial is needed reorder troug

our distriutor and ae te aare o te lai.

1.2 UNLOADING

figure 2

jm Eagle IPS Pressure and Irrigation Pipe is ligteigt and a e un-

loaded 1. hand, eiter passing oer te side or o te tru ends.

Sliding one lengt on anoter is standard pratie in unloading Pvc pipe,ut lengts in te otto laer sould e li ted o o te roug surae o te

tru od to aoid arasion. 2. copat sipping units (palletied undles

in a ood rae) are used to sip large orders o pipe. conentional orli ts

an unload tese units uil and easil. care sall e eerised to aoid


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ipat or ontat eteen te ors and te pipe. Te eans i

jm Eagle IPS Pressure and Irrigation Pipe are unloaded in te eld is te

deision and responsiilit o te ustoer. Preerred unloading is in units

using eanial euipent su as orlits, err piers or ront-end

loaders it adeuate ors and trained, opetent operators. wen un-

loading units, te olloing instrutions sould e areull olloed. Reoe

onl one unit at a tie.

1. Reoe restraints ro te top unit loads. Tese a e eiter tie-

don straps, ropes, or ains it protetion.

2. I tere are ooden oards aross te top and don te sides o te

load tat are not par t o pipe paaging, reoe te.3. Use a orlit (or ront-end loader euipped it ors) to reoe ea

top unit one at a tie ro te tru. Reoe a units rst. Do not

run te ors too ar under te unit as or ends str iing adaent units

a ause daage or pus units o te opposite side o te tru.

Do not let ors ru te underside o pipe to aoid arasion.

4. I a orlit is not aailale, a rane or ront end loader a e used

to unload te pipe. we reoend eploing a spreader ar it

snteti straps rated or te load. Te straps sould e plaed ap-proiatel 8 eet apart and looped under te load. cales ae e

used in plae o snteti straps i te are proteted a ruer ose

sleee to preent daage to te pipe.

5. DO NOT:

a) handle units it ains or single ales.

) Atta ales to unit raes or liting.

6. During te reoal and andling, e sure tat te units do not strie

anting. Seere ipat ould daage te pipe (partiularl during

old eater).

7. Units sould e stored and plaed on leel ground. Units sould e

proteted dunnage in te sae a te ere proteted ile

loaded on te tru. Te dunnage ust support te eigt o all units

so tat pipe lengts do not arr te eigt o te unit loaded aoe

te. Units sould not e staed ore tan 2 ig.

8. To unload loer units, repeat te aoe unloading proess (ites 1troug 7).


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WARNING: Pvc pipe, toug ligter tan oter aterial, is still ea and

a e dangerous i not andled properl. Not adering to te aoe in-

strutions at let a result in serious inur to pipe, propert and/or people.

Do not stand or li on units. Stand lear o pipe during unloading.

NoTICE: Pipe at te otto o a sta a eoe out-o-round due to

te eigt o te aterial aoe it. At noral appliation teperatures tis

orrets itsel soon ater te load is reoed due to te propert o elasti

eor. Under reeing onditions, tis reoer to ull initial roundness a

tae seeral ours.

1.3 cOLD-wEAThER hANDLING

As te teperature approaes and drops elo reeing, te leiilit and

ipat resistane o Pvc pipe is redued. Etra are sould e used in

andling during old eater to aoid an tpe o ipat to te pipe to

preent daage.

1.4 STOckPILES

Store pipe on a at surae so as to support te arrel eenl, it ell ends

oeranging. I eanial euipent is eing used or andling, te unit

earing piees proide an eellent ase. I unloading and, seure to

tiers or a ase. Set te on a at area spaed te sae as a ator

load. Nail o los at ea end. build up te stopile in te sae an-

ner, as it as staed or sipent, transerring dunnage and o los

ro load to stopile. Store rando lengts separatel ere te ill e

readil aailale. Indiidual lengts o pipe sould e staed in piles no

iger tan 5 eet.

It sould e noted tat en Pvc pipe is stored outside and eposed to

prolonged periods o sunligt, an oious disoloration or Uv degradation

o pipe ould our. based on te 24-ont eatering stud, te peror-ane o Pvc pipe as euall ipressie. No signiant anges in ten-

sile strengt at ield as osered. Redutions in ipat strengt ere ap-

parent ater to ears o eposure to eatering and ultra iolet radiation.

hoeer, onsidering Pvc pipes ig initial-ipat strengt, te redutions


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ere not signiant enoug to arrant onern. Pipe reaage due to i-

pat loads enountered during noral andling and installation is not a pro-

le it Pvc pipe. Tis Uv degradation does not ontinue a ter te pipe is

reoed ro Uv eposure.

A etod o proteting pipe during long eposures (seeral onts) to sun-

ligt is to oer it it anas or oter opaue aterial. clear plasti seets

are not satisator. Allo or adeuate air irulation eteen te oer and

te pipe. Tis ill preent eat uild-up and possile diensional distortion.

1.5 GASkET cARE

All jm Eagle Pvc pipe is anuatured it ator-installed gasets. Tese

gasets annot e easil reoed or replaed outside o te ator. keep

te lean, aa ro oil, grease, eessie eat and eletri otors, i

produe oone. It is adisale to eep gasets proteted ro diret sunligt

and teperature anges in order to aoid raing in prolonged eposure

or optial perorane. jm Eagle proides a gaset tat is approed or

ater serie it its standard produt. Speial gaset tpes a e aail-ale or appliations ere oil resistane is reuired. be sure te orret ring

is ordered. See Setion 3.4 or urter inoration.

1.6 LOADING TRANSfER TRUckS

Use trus it long odies so tat pipe lengts do not oer-ang ore

tan 2 eet. mae ertain tru ed is soot, itout ross-strapping, olt

eads, or oter protrusions tat ould daage te pipe.

Plae te rst laer areull it te ell ends oeranging. Aoid sliding te

pipe and arading it. Suseuent laers an e slid into plae. All ell ends

sould oerang te laer elo.

Sort od trus a e used i tted it ras tat properl support tepipe in te oriontal position. Te ra sall support te pipe it supports

spaed eer 3 eet or less along te pipe lengts. Pad te ontat areas to

aoid daage to te pipe.


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2.2 cURvES IN ThE TRENch

2.2.1 1.5-INch TO 12-INch IPS PRESSURE AND IRRIGATION

Te tren a e ured to ange diretion or aoid ostrutions itin

te liits o te urature o te pipe as son inTale 1.

PIPE sIZE

(ines)

MINIMUM

RADIUs

(eet)

offsET

(in)PIPE sIZE

(ines)

MINIMUM

RADIUs

(eet)

offsET

(in)

1.5 37.5 65.56 5 125 19.24

2 50 48.65 6 150 16.02

2.5 62.5 38.73 8 200 12.01

3 75 32.19 10 250 9.61

4 100 24.08 12 300 8.00

Tabe 1 (IPs Preure and Irr igatin Pipe)

Te line a e asseled aoe ground, in a straigt line, and ten ured

en laid in te tren. All urature results ro te ending o te pipe

lengts. Tere is no deetion alloed at te oint on sies 12 ines and

saller. Te approiate ore per 20 oot lengt in pounds to aoplis

tese uratures is (ased on SDR):

PIPE sIZE(ines)

sDR 41 sDR 32.5 sDR 26 sDR 21 sDR 17

4 8.06 9.94 12.14 14.58 17.40

6 25.20 31.10 37.98 45.67 54.10

8 54.09 66.92 81.77 98.23 116.68

10 104.51 129.48 157.50 189.30 225.85

12 172.34 212.93 259.72 311.94 372.17

Tabe 2A (IPs Preure Pipe)


17/56


PIPE sIZE

(ines)sDR 51 sDR 41 sDR 35 sDR 32.5

6 14.87 18.70 21.36 22.92

8 35.53 43.24 49.80 53.46

10 68.64 85.21 98.36 105.51

12 119.80 145.81 168.96 181.31

Tabe 2B (Irrigatin Pipe)

NoTICE: meanial eans sould not e eploed to aoplis teseradii. It is te intent tat te orers sould aoplis tis anuall in

te tren. ON 1.5-INch TO 12-INch PIPE, ThE cURvE ShOULD bE Ac-

cOmPLIShED by bENDING ThE PIPE RAThER ThAN by DEfLEcTING

ThE jOINTS. ThERE ShALL bE NO DEfLEcTION IN ThE jOINTS UPON

cOmPLETION TO AvOID OvER-STRESSING ThE bELL AND PREvENT

POSSIbLE bREAkAGE AND/OR LEAkS.

To aoid deeting te oints ile aieing urature, it is reoend-ed tat te oints e suientl raed or alled and opated to

eep te stationar. Arupt anges in diretion a e aoplised

it ttings.

2.2.2 14-INch AND LARGER PIPE

Sine te oent o inertia o Pressure and Irrigation Pipe is ig, attept-

ing to ure te pipe is etreel diult. jm Eagles reoendation or

14-in and larger pipe is tat te angular deetion at te oint is a ai-

u o 1.5 degrees. Tis ill produe an oset in a 20 oot setion o ap-

proiatel 6.25 ines. joint deetion is aieed ater te oint is as-

seled in straigt alignent and to te reerene ar. Te ell sould e

raed in order to allo te ree end to oe laterall under stead pressure

using a pr ar or oter suitale eans. care sould e taen not to eeedte aiu deetion alloed or daage te pipe it te ainer

used. Te line a e asseled aoe ground, in a straigt line ten oset

en laid in te tren, i neessar. Arupt anges in diretion sall e

aoplised it ttings.


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NoTICE: AvOID OvER-STRESSING ThE bELL (oer-inserting te oints,

or eeeding te aiu deetion/urature alloed) IN ORDER TO

PREvENT POSSIbLE bREAkAGE AND/OR LEAkS.

2.3 TRENch wIDThS

figure 3

Sine jm Eagle IPS Pressure and Irrigation Pipe an e asseled aoe

ground and loered into position, tren idts an e ept to a iniu.

Te tren idt at te ground surae a ar it and depend upon

dept, tpe o soils, and position o surae strutures. Te iniu lear

idt o te tren, seeted or unseeted, easured at te spring-line o

te pipe sould e 1 oot greater tan te outside diaeter o te pipe.

(See figure 3.) Te aiu lear idt o te tren at te top o te

pipe sould not eeed a idt eual to te pipe outside diaeter plus

2 eet. Tis spaing ill allo or proper opating o te all to proide

neessar sideall support. It ill also allo assel or in te tren,

i desired. I te aoe dened tren idts ust e eeeded or i te

pipe is installed in a opated eanent, pipe eedent sould eopated to a point o at least 2.5 pipe diaeters ro te pipe on ot

sides o te pipe or to te tren alls, ieer is less.


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NoTICE: Sine Pvc pipe is a eile pipe, tren idt and sape ae lit-

tle to no eet on loading eperiened te pipe, sine te aiu load

tat a e arried te pipe is tat due to te olun o soil diretl aoe

te pipe outside diaeter. Te reason or te tren idt reoendations

aoe are to elp installers realie te eonoies tat a result ro instal-

lation o Pvc pipe oer oter aterials, ile aintaining adeuate ontrol

oer alling, opation and plaeent to liit long-ter deetion.

2.4 TRENch DEPThS

Dept is goerned surae loads, eart loads and rost penetration.A iniu o 12 ines dept o oer is reoended ere rost

penetration need not e onsidered. were rost is a ator, pipe sould e

uried 6 ines elo te greatest reorded rost penetration. I te line ill

e drained and not used in inter, rost need not e onsidered.

Sould unusual soil onditions and/or surae loads e antiipated and te

engineer ants to alulate deetion en oring it pressure pipes,

pipe stiness (/ ) an e ound inTale 3.

PIPE sDRsTIffNEss

(psi)PIPE sDR

sTIffNEss

(psi)

64 7 25 129

51 14 21 224

41 28 18 364

35 46 17 437

32.5 57 14 815

26 115

Tabe 3

for ore inoration on deetion, see Setion 5.1.


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2.5 PLANNING fOR ThRUSTING

fittings used or anges in diretion and all in-line ales ill reuire trust

loing or restraints, i ust e ored against a solid all. Do not a-

ine dig at tese tting areas eause te eaator ill usuall dig too ar

and daage te earing surae o te tren all. A sall aount o and

digging ust eind te tting loation ill ensure a solid tren all or trust

lo onstrution later on.

2.6 PREPARATION Of TRENch bOTTOm

Te tren otto sould e soot and ree ro stones greater tan

1.5 ines diaeter, large dirt lods and an roen aterial. Eaation at

ells (ell oles) sould e proided so tat te pipe is uniorl supported

along its lengt.

figure 4

Generall, loose aterial let te eaator on te tren otto ill e ad-

euate or edding te pipe arrel so tat it is ull supported. (See figure 4.)

were te eaator uts a er lean otto, sot aterial an e saed

don ro te sidealls to proide needed edding. I te tren otto is

ro or ard, as in sale, plae a 4-in laer o seleted all aterial to

proide a usion or te pipe. In ro eaation it is neessar tat ro e

reoed and a ed o sand or seleted all at least 4 ines deep e plaed

on te otto o te tren to proide a usion or te pipe. A pipeline o an

aterial, i in te asene o a edding usion, resting diretl on ro is

suet to reaage under te eigt o te all load, surae load or eart

oeents. wen an unstale tren otto is enountered and, in te opin-

ion o te engineer, it annot support te pipe, an additional dept sould e e-

aated and relled to te pipe grade it aterial approed te engineer.

Trenes an e dangerous and te ontrator as te responsii lit o en-

suring tat all saet regulations and design reuireents ae een o-

sered or te protetion o te orers and te puli.


21/56


3.0 pipelie CsTruCTi

3.1 INSPEcTION

Pipe and aessories sould e inspeted or deets and leanliness pri-

or to loering into te tren. An deetie, daaged or unsound ate-

rial sould e repaired or replaed and oreign atter or dirt sould e re-

oed ro te interior o te pipe and aessories eore loering into

te tren.

3.2 LOwERING PIPE AND AccESSORIES INTO TRENch

All pipe, ttings, ales and aessories sould e areull loered into te

tren using suitale euipent in su a anner as to preent daage

to pipe and aessories. PIPE AND AccESSORIES ShOULD NEvER bE

DROPPED OR DUmPED INTO ThE TRENch.

CAUTIoN: hea ipat a ause a sligt longitudinal indentation in te

outside o te pipe and a ra on te inside. Tis ill result in a split assoon as te pipe is plaed under pressure. An pipe tat as een ipated

sould e eained losel or tis tpe o daage.

3.3 ASSEmbLy Of jm EAGLE RING-TITE Pvc PIPE

Te Ring-Tite oint produt is a pus-on assel in i te luriated

spigot end is inserted under te ruer Rieer gaset and into te ell as

desried in tis installation guide. Te Ring-Tite oint assel proides or

te opletion o tigt, dependale oints in iniu tie en te ollo-

ing proedure is adered to.

NoTE: Oter tpes o gasets a e proided. jm Eagle is in te proess

o onerting all gaseted produts to te Rieer ring gaset.

* Rieer is a registered tradear o TI Speialt Produts In.


22/56


3.4 ASSEmbLy INSTRUcTIONS

jm Eagle supplies a standard Rieer gaset or ater serie it its pres-

sure produts and an oil resistant gaset under speial reuest. Te orret

gaset or ater serie is not ared it an identiers. Te oil resistant

gaset or speial series as a lue and on te isile gaset ae. be

sure ou ae te orret gaset or te installation. I ou reuire oil resistant

gasets and tose proided are or ater serie, ten ontat jm Eagle

iediatel. Do not use te ater serie gasets or tr to replae te.

Note tat eiter ring tpe a e used or oneing potale ater. field

reoal and replaeent o Rieer gasets is not reoended.

1. mae ertain tat te gaset and ell are lean, it no dirt or oreignaterial tat ould interere it proper seating o te gaset or as-

sel. I neessar, ipe te gaset and ell it a lean, dr lot.

Luriating te Rieer gaset is not reoended.

2. mae sure pipe end is lean. wipe it a lean dr lot around

te entire iruerene ro te end to one in eond te reer-

ene ar. (See figure 7.)

figure 7

3. Luriate te spigot end o te pipe, using onl te jm Eagle ap-

proed luriants (NSf approed) supplied.

4. be sure to oer te entire spigot end iruerene, it partiular at-

tention paid to te eeled end o te spigot. Te oating sould e teeuialent o a rus oat o enael paint. Luriant an e applied to

te pipe and, lot, pad, sponge or gloe. Luriation o te gaset

and/or ring grooe a result in displaeent during assel.


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CAUTIoN: Ater spigot end is luriated, do not allo it to ontat te ed-

ding aterial. Sall piees o stone or soil a adere to te luriant and

a eoe lodged eteen te spigot and te gaset upon assel,

resulting in a possile lea. (See figure 8.)

figure 8

NoTICE: Te jm Eagle luriant supplied it ea sipent as een

tested and approed or potale ater serie. Do not use non-approed lu-

riant, i a aror ateria or daage te gasets or drining ater.

5. Insert te eeled spigot end into te ell so tat it is in ontat it te

Rieer gaset. hold te pipe lengts eing oined lose to te ground

(see figure 9) and eep te lengts in proper alignent. brae te ell,

as son, ile te spigot end is inserted under te gaset, so tat

preiousl opleted oints in te line ill not e losed up or oer-as-

seled. Pus te spigot end in until te reerene ar on te spigot

end is us it te end o te ell. Staing is not reoended and

sould e aoided to preent daage to te gaset and oint.

figure 9


24/56


CAUTIoN: I oint is oer-asseled ausing te spigot to a into te ne

o te ell, eiilit o te oint is lost. Uneen settleent o te tren or

additional loading a ause tis tpe o oint assel to lea or ra.

Do not assele eond te reerene ar.

figure 10

I undue resistane to insertion o te eeled end is enountered or te

reerene ar does not rea te us position, disassele te oint and

e te position o te gaset. I it is tisted or pused out o its seat, do

not attept to realign gaset, replae it anoter piee o pipe. be sureot lengts are in proper alignent.

NoTICE: Sould a spigot or ell end eoe deored under load at ig-

er teperatures, it ill e neessar to eerise ore are in asseling te

oint in order to preent s-outing o te gaset.

6. No deetion at oint is alloed on 12 ines and saller pipe. Pipe

urature sould e aoplised ending te pipe rater tan

deeting te oints as noted in Setion 2.2.

NoTICE: I a pr-ar or aoe is used or an assel, a ood plan

sould e plaed eteen te pipe and te aine to preent daage. In

addition, te ore applied ust e stead and onstant. Do not ra or it

te pipe. for all pipe, a oe-a-long a is reoended oer a aoe.

Te etod o attaent to te pipe ust not arade or daage te pipein an a. Steps ust e taen during installation using tese etods to

aintain orret alignent o te pipe. In addition, a elper sould e pres-

ent in all ases to assist te operator in noing en te reerene ar is

reaed properl.


25/56


3.5 cUTTING

A suare ut is essential to ensure proper assel and/or eeling. Pvc

pipe an easil e ut it a ne-tooted asa, andsa or a poer-tpe

sa it a steel lade or arasie dis. (Do not use standard pipe utters.

Te utting eel a rus or daage te pipe.) It is reoended tat

te pipe e ared around its entire iruerene prior to utting to ensure

a suare ut. Do not urn te pipe ile utting.

figure 11

NoTICE: jm Eagle reoends using proper personal protetie eip-

ent, su as gloes and saet glasses, en utting Pvc pipe.

3.6 bEvELING

Use a ator-nised eeled end as a guide to deterine te angle and

lengt o taper. Te end a e eeled using a plasti pipe-eeling tool

as son, i ill ut te orret taper autoatiall or su tools as

te Stanle Suror No. 399, a oarse le or rasp. A portale sander or

arasie dis a also e used to eel te pipe end. Reoe all urrs and

raised edges prior to assel to aoid utting te gaset.

3.7 LOcATING REfERENcE mARk

wit a penil, raon or peranent arer, loate te reerene ar at te

proper distane ro te eeled end. Te reerene ar a e loated

auratel using a ator-ared end o te sae pipe as a guide.


26/56


3.8 ASSEmbLy AT fITTINGS AND ADAPTORS

jm Eagle IPS Pressure and Irrigation Pipe are anuatured it an IPS

and/or PIP outside diaeter. Tis eans tat tis pipe an e diretl on-

neted to IPS OD produts (i.e., steel pipe aessories) and/or oon

irrigation euipent and ales.

Additionall, oter aessor ites a e oined to jm Eagle IPS Pressure

and Irrigation Pipe troug te use o speiall designed transition gasets

or ttings.

No etra support need e proided or tese ttings and adaptors, ut anea etal ttings or ales ust e indiiduall supported to aoid di-

erential settleent eteen ttings and pipe. Note tat ttings and ales

in-line ill reuire trust loing as speied in Setion 3.9.

fittings and adaptors are usuall installed at predeterined loations and

tereore, a tie-in lengt o less tan 20 eet ill usuall e reuired.

1. be sure te orret gaset is used it te ell or tting.2. beel on te spigot sould approiate te ast iron eel, i is

sorter and steeper. Te reason or tis is tat te dept o te ell

or tting is sorter tan te Pvc ell. Te redued lengt o taper ill

allo a greater at sealing surae and iniie te possiilit o te

gasets, seating on te eel, i a ause leaage.

3. wen onneting to a eanial oint or anged tting, a eeled

spigot is not reoended or reuired. cut o eeled end o pipe

prior to insertion into m-j stle tting.

3.9 ThRUST bLOckING AND ANchORAGE AT fITTINGS

Trust aing (see figure 12) is needed ereer te pipeline:

1. canges diretion, as at tees, ends or rosses.2. canges in sie, as at reduers.

3. Stops, as at dead ends.

4. vales, at i trust deelops en losed.


27/56


figure 12

3.9.1 DETERmINING SIzE AND TyPE Of ThRUST bLOckING

Sie and tpe o loing depends on pressure, pipe sie, ind o soil and

tpe o tting. coon trust lo ongurations are son in figure 13.

At er tial ends, anor pipelines to resist outard or oriontal trusts as

son in figure 14. I trusts due to ig pressure are epeted, anor te

ales as son in figure 15. In all ases, trust loing and anorages

sould e designed a opetent engineer to ensure adeuate saet and

support ased on te atual eld onditions enountered. failure to design

trust loing and anorage adeuatel a result in daage to te pipe,propert and/or people.

figure 14

I te engineer as not speied te sie o a trust lo, tae te olloing

steps to deterine te earing area reuired or a trust lo.


28/56


ExAMPlE: A 90-degree end or an 18 in125 psi irrigation line tat ill

e tested at 100 psi. Soil is sand.

1. Reer to Tale 4b and note tat te trust deeloped or ea 100

psi ater pressure at an 18-in 90-degree end is 38,841 pouds or

ea 100 psi o ater pressure.

2. In Tale 6, nd tat te earing poer o sand is 2,000 pounds per

suare oot. Diiding te total ore o 38,841 ls 2,000 pounds per

suare oot, e ae a total area o trust aing reuired o 19.4

suare eet or an area o 4 eet 5 ines 4 eet 5 ines.

THRUsT AT fITTINGs PRoDUCED By 100 PsI of WATERPREssURE IN JM EAGlE PVC PREssURE RATED PIPE (p)

PIPE sIZE

(ines)

fITTING

90 BEND 45 ElBoW TEE AND PlUGs

1.5 415 225 295

2 645 350 455

2.5 935 510 6603 1,395 755 985

4 2,295 1,245 1,620

5 3,400 1,900 2,440

6 4,950 2,680 3,500

8 8,375 4,540 5,930

10 12,795 6,895 9,075

12 18,000 9,700 12,765

Tabe 4A (IPs Preure pipe)


29/56


THRUsT AT fITTINGs PRoDUCED By 100 PsI of

WATER PREssURE IN JM EAGlE PVC IRRIGATIoN PIPE (p )

PIPE sIZE

(ines)

fITTING

90 BEND 45 ElBoW TEE AND PlUGs

6 4,187 2,266 2,960

8 7,396 4,003 5,230

10 11,556 6,254 8,171

12 16,640 9,006 11,767

15 26,000 14,072 18,385

18 38,841 21,021 27,46521 53,984 29,217 38,172

24 68,324 36,979 48,313

27 86,782 46,968 61,364

Tabe 4B (Irrigatin pipe)

AlloWABlE BEARING of soIls

soIl BEARING (ps)

mu, peat, et. 0

Sot cla 1,000

Sand 2,000

Sand and Grael 3,000

Sand and Grael eented it cla 4,000

hard Sale 10,000

Tabe 5

NoTICE: Alloane in total earing area sould e ade or possile ater

aer in te line.

* jm Eagle

assues no responsiilit or te aoe earing load data,i as opiled ro arious soures. Te engineer is responsile or

deterining sae earing loads and en dout eists, soil-earing tests

sould e speied. Te earing loads gien are or oriontal trusts en

dept o oer is 2 eet.


30/56


In sot, unstale soils su as u or peat, trusts are resisted running

orrosion-resistant tie rods to solid oundations or reoing te sot a-

terial and replaing it it a allast o suient sie and eigt to resist te

trusts deeloped.

Pre-ast trust los sould not e plaed diretl against Pvc pipe to

aoid point loading and proide adeuate ore distriution.

3.9.2 UPwARD ThRUSTS AT fITTINGS

were a tting is used to ae a ertial end, anor te tting to a trustlo raed against undistured soil. Te trust lo sould ae enoug

resistane to itstand upard trusts at te tting. See figure 14.

figure 14

3.9.3 ANchORAGE Of PIPE ON SLOPES

Anors on slopes are needed onl en tere is te possii lit o a-

ll slipping donill and arring te pipe it it. Usuall, ell-drained soil,

areull taped in 4-in laers up to te top o te tren, ill not slide and

pipe anors ill not e reuired.

were soil slippage is a possiilit, anors eed in undistured soil an e

astened to eer oter lengt o pipe.

3.9.4 ANchORAGE Of vALvES IN ThE LINE

Under pressure onditions, ales ust e anored as son in figure 15

against te trust reated en te ale is losed. Te area o undistured


31/56


32/56


3.11 SERvIcE cONNEcTIONS

Serie onnetions a e ade to jm Eagle IPS Pressure and Irrigation

Pipe eans o a saddle or a sleee and ale in te line at te serie lo-

ation. Due to te in-dept noledge reuired to ae proper taps sael,

please reer to Uni-bell Puliation UNI-PUb-08-07, Tapping Guide or Pvc

Pressure Pipe.

3.11.1 SADDLES

wit saddle onnetions, a jm Eagle

IPS Pressure and Irrigation Pipelinean e tapped eore or ater te line goes into serie. ce it saddle

anuaturers or reoended pressure rating o saddles used.

WARNING: Use o iproper tapping proedures or tools a result in seri-

ous daage to pipe, propert and/or people. Do not tap prior to otaining

te oplete tapping guide.

4.0 pipe embedmeT

belo is an illustration (figure 16) o a tpial tren it all aor regions

identied as te ill e addressed in te olloing setions.

Pipezone

6 inch-12 inch

EmbedmentMaterial

Initialbackfill

Haunching

Beddingmax. 6 inch

Foundation(may not be required)

Springlineof pipe

figure 16


33/56


4.1 bEDDING

bedding is reuired priaril to ring te tren otto up to grade. bed-

ding aterials sould e plaed to proide unior longitudinal support un-

der te pipe to preent lo spots. bloing sould not e used to ring te

pipe to grade. bell oles at eer oint ill allo or te oint to e asseled

properl and aintain unior support. Under noral irustanes a ed-

ding o 4 to 6 ines opated is o suient tiness or te edding. I

te natie tren soil is oprised o ne grain soils and igration o tose

soils into te edding aterial is antiipated, eiter ide tren onstrution,

a ell-graded edding aterial itout oids or a ari arrier sould e

used to aoid oproising te tren all aterials.

4.2 bAckfILLING AND TAmPING

balling sould ollo pipe assel as losel as possile. Tis pro-

tets te pipe ro alling ros, eliinates possiilit o liting te pipe ro

grade due to ooding o an open tren, aoids siting pipe out o line

ae-ins, and in old eater lessens te possiilit o all aterial

eoing roen.

4.2.1 hAUNchING AND INITIAL bAckfILL

Tere are to asi purposes o te auning and initial all ing o a

eile onduit su as Pvc pipe:

1. To proide te soil side support, i is neessar to enale te pipe

and te soil to or togeter to eet te designed load reuireents

itin te alloale deetion liits.

2. To proide protetion or te pipe ro ipat daage due to large

ros, et., ontained in te nal all.

Te essentials o satisator auning and initial all ing an e su-

aried as ollos: Proide approed aterials, properl opated on-tinuousl aoe te edding and around te pipe to te spring-line, as ell

as eteen te pipe and undistured tren alls.


34/56


Ater te edding aterial as een plaed aording to Setion 4.1, plae

te auning and initial all and to a 1-oot iniu dept o oer

aoe te pipe to gie pipe support and usion. In doing so, proper ontrol

sould e eerised to aoid ertial and oriontal displaeent o te pipe

ro proper alignent. (See figure 17.) Tis all sould e a seleted a-

terial, ree ro ros greater tan 1.5 ines in diaeter, dirt lods or roen

aterial. Tis aterial is solel responsile or proiding eetie support o

te pipe in te auning area and liiting deetion. Tis is aoplised

taping te eedent aterials under te aunes and around te

pipe to te spring-line o te pipe.

A. RightBackfill correctly placed by hand

filling all voids.

B. WrongBackfill not placed evenly.

figure 18

Side support is aoplised taping te soil rl under te aunes

o te pipe out to te tren alls. Taping sould e done in laers no

greater tan 6 ines. I autoati tapers are used, are sould e e-

erised to aoid daaging te pipe. for ore inoration on taping, see

Setion 4.4.1.

Te iediate plaeent o initial all ill proide adeuate eigt o

soil on te pipe so tat epansion and ontration ill e eenl distriuted

oer ea pipe lengt. Tis portion o te all egins at te spring-lineo te pipe and etends to soe predeterined distane aoe te pipe.

Sine little to no side support is deried ro te soils plaed in tis area,

natie soils ae used itout treendous opation eorts, unless in

te inuene one o oter strutures. It sould e noted tat at sallo


35/56


depts o oer (less tan 3 eet) eile onduits a deet and reound

under dnai loading i te tren idt is not igl opated, resulting

in daage to road suraes. for pipes uried under eile road suraes

at depts less tan 3 eet, it is reoended tat a iniu o 90 perent

Protor densit e aieed ro te otto o te tren up to te road sur-

ae using class I or class II aterials as desried inAppendi 1. miniu

oer is reoended to e 1-oot ro te top o rigid road suraes or te

otto o eile road suraes.

NoTICE: for ater pipe installations te top area o te ells an e let

eposed or isual inspetion during te test i reuired.

4.3 cOmPLETING ThE bAckfILL

balane o all need not e as areull seleted as te initial aterial,

unless speied te engineer. care sould e taen, oeer, to aoid

inluding large stones tat ould daage te pipe dropping on it or

eing ored don on to te pipe under te eigt o te nal all.

4.3.1 fINAL bAckfILL

Te nal all sould e plaed and spread in unior laers in su a

anner as to opletel ll te tren it a uniorl dense all load on

te pipe and aoid unlled spaes in te all. Rolling euipent sould

not e used until a iniu o 18 ines o all aterial as een plaed

oer te top o te pipe. I a dro aer is to e used to opat te

all, a iniu o 3 eet o oer is reuired. Unless oterise speied,

trenes under paeents, sideals or roads sall e alled and o-

pated to 90 perent densit, as deterined teAerian Assoiation o

higa and Transportation Oials metod T99 or State copation and

Densit o Soils. Unless speied, oter trenes a e alled itout

ontrolled opation in te nal all. Additional all aterial sould

e supplied, i needed, to opletel all te trenes or to ll depres-sions aused suseuent settleent. for desription o all aterials

and teir reoended usage, please reer toAppendi 1.


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4.4 cOmPAcTION mEThODS

Te rst step in proiding eetie support or te pipe in te auning

area is to tap te eedent aterials under te aunes and around

te pipe to te spring-line o te pipe. Taping sould e done it and

taping ars, eanial tapers, or using ater to onsolidate te

eedent aterials. wit and taping, satisator results an e a-

oplised in dap, loa soils and sands. for ore oesie soils, te

neessar opation a reuire te use o eanial tapers. water

taping sould e liited to trenes eaated in soils in i ater

drains troug uil and, in so doing, opats te eedent aterial.

4.4.1 TAmPING bARS

To tpes o taping ars sould e aailale or a good taping o. Te

rst sould e a ar it a narro ead. (See Aor b o figure 18.) Tese

are used to tap under te pipe. Te seond taping ar sould ae a at

ead. It is used to opat te soil along te sides o te pipe to te tren

alls. (See figure 18c.)

1 bar

weld to flat bar

6 x 4 x 1

6

- 1or 1 pipe

30 bend

A B C

30bend

tee and two

4 nipples

figure 19

do not attt to th at ta (C) n ac ofo b.


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4.4.2 mEchANIcAL TAmPERS

care sould e taen to aoid ontat eteen te pipe and opa-

tion euipent. copation o te eedent aterial sould generall

e done in su a a tat te opation euipent is not used diretl

aoe te pipe until suient all as een plaed to ensure tat te use

o opation euipent ill not daage te pipe or ause deetion o

te pipe.

wen dro-aers are used to aiee opation, te sould not e

used itin 3 eet o te top o te pipe and ten, onl i te eedent

aterial densit as een preiousl opated to a iniu 85 perentProtor densit.

4.4.3 fLOOD OR wATER TAmPING

flooding or ater taping sould e used onl in trenes tat are eaat-

ed in soils ro i ater drains uil and, at te sae tie, opats

te auning aterial.

I ooding is used, te approed eedent aterial is rst and plaed,

aing ertain all oids under, around, and along ot sides o te pipe and

ouplings are lled. Initial eedent aterial sould e plaed to a eigt

suient to preent oating o te pipe.

4.4.4 wATER-jETTING

Te introdution o ater under pressure to te eedent aterial is not

to e used to opat te eedent aterial o Pvc pipe or an oter

eile onduit.


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4.4.5 ShEETING AND TRENch bOxES

wen seeting is used, it sould e let in plae unless it is designed to

preent disturing te soil adaent to te pipe en pulled and reoed.

I ea ooden seeting as to e pulled, ell-graded granular aterial

sould e plaed on ea side o te pipe or a distane o at least to pipe

diaeters. Te granular aterial sould e opated to at least 90 perent

Standard Protor densit.

weneer possile, seeting and raing sould e installed so tat te

otto o te seeting etends no loer tan te spring-line o te pipe.

wen installed in tis anner, pulling te seeting ill not distur te e-edent aterial proiding sideall support or te pipe. I a tren o is

used, it sould e designed so tat te aend o te sides do not etend

elo te pipe spring-line. Tis ill allo lling and opation o te an-

nular spae as te tren o is oed orard.

5.0 pipe TesTiG d repir

5.1 PIPE DEfLEcTION

Under ordinar irustanes, te deetion o Pvc pressure pipe is o no

onern eause te internal pressure o te pipe is u greater tan te

eternal load plaed on te pipe, tus no deetion ours. hoeer, in

soe ases tese pipes are used or ore ains or grait o appliations.

Tons and uniipalities norall set te long-ter deetion liits o Pvc

at 7.5 perent ASTm D3034 (Appendi), to proide a er onseratie

ator o saet against strutural ailure. hoeer, it sould e noted tat

Pvc seer pipe ill ae a iniu saet ator o 4 in strutural ailure at

tis liit. To asertain o a ertain Pvc produt ill deet under arious

loading onditions, all tpes and depts, one a ontat jm Eagle or

design arts spei to a situation.


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5.1.1 DEfLEcTION TESTING

It is te position o jm Eagle tat deetion testing o Pvc pipe is unne-

essar en pipe is installed in aordane it te aeptale praties

stated in tis guide. most tons and uniipalities liit initial deetion to 5

perent, en in atualit ASTm D3034 reoends Pvc pipe deetion

7.5 perent o ase inside diaeter. Tus, eeeding tese liits does not

neessaril indiate an strutural daage, ailure or redution in lie and

onl add to te ost o te proet. Proo o tis position is tat ore tan

750 illion eet o Pvc seer pipe are peroring satisatoril in te eld

toda. On te oter and, ere iproper installation praties are non or

suspeted, uestionale edding aterials are eploed, and/or installationonditions are seere, deetion testing o tese setions o te installation

sould e onsidered adisale te engineer. In te eent tat deetion

easureent is a reuireent, please onsult jm Eagle Puliation jmE-

05b, Grait Seer Installation Guide.

5.2 TESTING wATER PIPE

It is good pratie to pressure test portions o a line as it is installedeore

te entire line is opleted. beore testing, all parts o te line sould e

alled and raed suientl to preent oeent under pressure. (See

figure 19.)

In setting up a setion o line or test, a proision or air relie ales sould

e ade.

Tere are tree parts o te line to onsider en testing:

1. Te run o pipe, i ust e alled suientl to preent oe-

ent under test pressure.

2. Trust los at ttings, i sould e peranent and onstruted

to itstand test pressure. I onrete trust los are used, enoug

tie to perit te eent to set ust elapse eore testing.3. Test ends, i sould e apped and raed to itstand te ap-

preiale trusts tat are deeloped under test pressure. Reer to

Setion 3.9 on Trust bloing and Anorage at fittings.


40/56


Typical End Cap

figure 19

Te last ull lengt laid sould e rl edged and raed to preent i-ing out under pressure. (See figure 20.) All eposed pipe ust e edged

or alled, in order to old it seurel in line. Using a plu o oer a

reerene point on te pipe ill e reeping en pressure is uilt up.

figure 20

5.2.1 fILLING ThE LINE

Te line an e slol lled ro an aailale lo-pressure soure. Te

ater an e introdued ro lines in serie troug ale onnetions,

teporar onnetions to drants, to taps ade in te ne line, or at te

onnetion in te end ap. All su onnetions, oeer, sould e ade

at te loest point in te line, i possile, to elp eliinate air entrapent.

were a portion o te line is to e tested and as not et een tied to te

nal soure, soe oter soure o ater ust e ound.Tale 6 sos teapproiate olue o ater reuired or lling jm Eagle IPS Pressure and

Irrigation Pipe.


41/56


VolUME of WATER REqUIRED IN GAlloNs/fooT

PIPE sIZE

(ines)

PIPE sDR

41 32.5 26 21 17

1.5 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.11

2 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.18

2.5 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.26

3 0.45 0.44 0.42 0.40 0.38

4 0.74 0.72 0.70 0.67 0.63

5 1.14 1.10 1.06 1.02 0.97

6 1.61 1.56 1.51 1.45 1.37

8 2.73 2.65 2.56 2.45 2.33

10 4.24 4.12 3.98 3.81 3.61

12 5.96 5.80 5.60 5.36 5.08

Tabe 6A (IPs Preure pipe)

VolUME of WATER REqUIRED IN GAlloNs/fooT

PIPE sIZE

(ines)

PIPE sDR

64 51 41 35 32.5

6 1.42 1.38 1.36 1.34

8 2.50 2.44 2.40 2.38

10 3.90 3.82 3.74 3.71

12 5.61 5.50 5.40 5.34

15 8.92 8.77 8.59 8.43 8.34

18 13.34 13.10 12.83 12.60 12.47

21 18.22 17.84 17.50 17.33

24 23.05 22.57 21.94

27 29.28 28.67 27.84

Tabe 6B (Irrigatin Pipe)


42/56


5.2.2 RELIEvING AIR fROm ThE LINE

ALL AIR ShOULD bE vENTED fROm ALL hIGh SPOTS IN ThE PIPELINE

bEfORE mAkING EIThER PRESSURE OR LEAkAGE TESTS. AUTOmATIc

AIR RELEASE vALvES ARE REcOmmENDED. copressed entrapped air

auses diult in puping to reuired pressure or strengt tests. furter-

ore, a pipeline a lea opressed air en it is atuall atertigt. I tis

ours during a leaage test, it ill ause erroneous results. most iportantl,

en entrapped air is opressed, it poses a seere eplosion aard and

a result in pipe ailure and/or inur to propert and/or persons. Dont use

Pvc or opressed air sstes.

5.3 PRESSURE-STRENGTh TESTS

Te purpose o a pressure-strengt test is to ae ertain tat te line ill

itstand noral oring pressure plus reasonale eesses tat a o-

ur. In a properl designed line, eess pressures ill e ept to a iniu

te use o autoati relie ales, slo losing and opening ales, slo

pup starting and oter ontrols. A test pressure o 25 perent aoe tenoral operating pressure sould generall e suient, unless te spei-

ation alls or greater pressure. Do not uild test pressures greater tan

tose speied. Tis an appen i te pressure is read ro a gauge loated

at a ig point in te line. In su ases te atual pressure at lo points ill

e greater and igt ause daage to te line. In all ases, it is iportant

tat no pressure test, regardless o duration, eeed te ared pressure

apait o te pipe and/or aessories eing tested. Doing so igt ause

daage to te line or sorten te epeted lie o te sste. for ore

detailed instrutions on o to peror installation and pressure testing,

onsult ASTm D2774, Underground Installation o Teroplasti Pressure

Piping and/orASTm f690, Standard Pratie or Underground Installation

o Teroplasti Pressure Piping Irrigation Sstes.


43/56


5.4 mAkING LEAkAGE TESTS

Te purpose o a leaage test is to estalis tat te setion o line to e

testedinluding all oints, ttings, and oter appurtenanesill not lea

or tat te leaage estalised is itin te liits o te appliale leaage

alloane. Leaage, i an, is usuall inoled in oints at saddles, ales,

transition ttings, adaptors and not usuall in pipe oints. Noral operating

pressure is usuall applied or tests. Tis sould e aintained as onstant

as possile trougout te testing period. measureent o te aount o

additional ater puped in during te test ill proide a easureent o te

aount o leaage, i an. In setting up a setion o line or testing, air relie

ales sould e proided. Air trapped in te line during te test ill aettest results and an ause daage to te pipeline and/or inur to orers.

Generall, te engineer ill estalis te duration o te test, te alloale

leaage, and indiate te appropriate etods and proedures or testing.

I not, a to-our test is reoended and te alloale leaage sall e

deterined te olloing orula:

l = (ND P) / 7400

L is te alloale leaage, in gallons per our; N is te nuer o oints in

te lengt o pipeline tested; D is te noinal diaeter o te pipe in ines;

and P is te aerage test pressure during te test in pounds per suare in

gauge (PSIG). Leaage alues deterined te aoe orula are son

inTale 7.

consideration sould e gien to an ales isolating te test setion. man

aterors ales are not designed or lea-proo operation. Leaage

troug tese ales an distort atual leaage gures.


44/56


lEAkAGE AlloWANCE-GAls PER 100 JoINTs PER HoUR

PIPE sIZE

(ines)

TEsT PREssURE, PsI

50 100 150 200 225

1.5 0.143 0.203 0.248 0.287 0.304

2 0.191 0.270 0.331 0.382 0.405

2.5 0.239 0.338 0.414 0.478 0.507

3 0.287 0.405 0.497 0.573 0.608

4 0.382 0.541 0.662 0.764 0.811

5 0.478 0.676 0.828 0.956 1.014

6 0.573 0.811 0.993 1.147 1.216

8 0.764 1.081 1.324 1.529 1.622

10 0.956 1.351 1.655 1.911 2.027

12 1.147 1.622 1.986 2.293 2.432

15 1.433 2.027 2.483 2.867 3.041

18 1.720 2.432 2.979 3.440 3.649

21 2.007 2.838 3.476 4.013 4.257

24 2.293 3.243 3.972 4.587 4.865

27 2.580 3.649 4.469 5.160 5.473

Tabe 7 (IPs Preure and Irr igatin Pipe)

Te leaage alloanes indiated are intended or uniipal ater pipe

distriution netors, i inlude nuerous ales and ttings.

5.5 mAkING REPAIRS TO DAmAGED PIPELINES

wen pipe as een daaged and repair is reuired, all daaged aterial

a e replaed in ind or te pipe a e repaired using a repair lap or

oter etods autoried te engineer.

I a repair lap is to e used, te ull irle tpe it opposed olt line ang-

es is reoended and sould e installed in aordane it te anu-

aturers instrutions. Gouges, i ae a dept greater tan 10 perent


45/56


o te all tiness o te pipe, sould e repaired. I te daaged area

is loalied, a repair lap a e used. wen te daaged area etends

eond a loalied area, it is reoended tat te daaged setion o

te pipe e ut out and replaed. In su ases, repair laps or Dresser-

tpe ouplings ill e reuired to oin te pipe ends. Oter tpes o ou-

plings a e aailale. Please onsult jm Eagle or aeptailit o tese

oter produts.

NoTE: Trenes and/or asing sould e onstruted and used in aor-

dane it all appliale state and ederal standards to ensure saet.

NoTICE To All READERs of THIs GUIDE: Pvc pipe installation a

e aardous to pipe, propert and/or persons i tis guide and/or te re-

oendations o jm Eagle are not adered to ull. jm Eagle as ade

eer eort to epose all non dangers o isusing Pvc pipe in tis guide;

oeer, jm Eagle annot possil no or antiipate all situations or out-

oes. jm Eagle aintains te position tat Pvc pipe is te ost reliale

and saest piping aterial aailale. Tus, jm Eagle enourages all users

o its produts to eerise good udgent en installing our produts andto onsult jm Eagle or additional inoration en uestions or onepts

illustrated erein are not ull ansered or understood. It is reoended

tat all users o its produts (or people andling) attend training on pipe on-

strution, installation and saet prior to oring it our produts to ensure

saet, noledge and understanding. Sould ou need urter assistane,

please ontat jm Eagle Produt Assurane at (800 ) 621-4404.


46/56


ppedix 1

EmbEDmENT mATERIALS

materials suitale or oundation and eedent are lassied in te ol-

loing Tale A1.1. Te inlude a nuer o proessed aterials plus soil

tpes dened aording to te Unied Soil classiation Sste (UScS) in

ASTm D2487, Standard metod or classiation o Soils or Engineering

Purposes.Tale A1.2 proides reoendations on te installation and

use ased on lass o soil or aggregates and loation itin te tren. It is

iportant to engineer all aterials used in te pipe tren to or togeter

and it te natie aterial surrounding te tren.

Class IA Materials: class IA aterials proide te aiu stailit and

pipe support or a gien densit eause o te angular interloing o te

aterial partiles. wit iniu eorts, tese aterials an e installed at

relatiel ig densities oer a ide range o oisture ontents. Tese ate-

rials also ae eellent drainage arateristis tat a aid in te ontrol

o ater. Tese soils are oten desirale as eedent in ro uts ere

ater is reuentl enountered. On te oter and, en ground ater ois antiipated, onsideration sould e gien to potential igration o nes

ro adaent aterials into te open graded class IA aterials.

Class IB Materials: class Ib aterials are produed iing class IA

and natural or proessed sands to produe a partile-sie distriution tat

iniies igration ro surrounding soils tat a ontain nes. Te are

ore idel graded tan class IA and tus reuire ore opation eort

to aiee te iniu densit speied. wen tese aterials are properl

opated, tese soils eiit ig stiness and strengt, and depending

on te aount o nes, a e relatiel ree draining.

Class II Materials: wen class II aterials are opated, te proide

a relatiel ig leel o pipe support. In ost respets, te all ae te

desirale arateristis o class Ib aterials en idel graded. ho-

eer, open-graded groups a allo or igration and te sies sould eeed or opatiilit it te natie tren aterials. Tpiall, class II

aterials onsist o rounded partiles and are less stale tan te angular

aterials o class IA and Ib unless te are onned and opated.


47/56


Class III Materials: Tese aterials proide less support or a gien den-

sit tan class I or class II aterials. hig leels o opation eort are

reuired i oisture ontent is not ontrolled. Tese aterials ill proide

reasonale support one proper opation is aieed.

Class IV-A Materials: class Iv-A aterials ust e areull ealuated

eore use. Te oisture ontent o te aterials ust e near optiu

to iniie opation eort and aiee te reuired densit. Properl

plaed and opated, tese soils an proide reasonale leels o pipe

support. hoeer, tese aterials a not e suitale under ig lls, sur-

ae applied dnai loads, or under ea irator opators and ta-

pers. Tese aterials sould e aoided i ater onditions in te trena ause instailit and result in unontrolled ater ontent.


48/56


TabeA1.1

DecriptionofMateriaCaicationaDenedinAsTM

D2321

PercentagePaing

sievesize

Atterberg

limit

Coe

fcient

Ca

Type

soisymbo

Group

D

ecriptionAsTMD

2487

1.5in

(40mm)

No.4

(4.75mm)

No.2

00

(.075mm)

ll

Pl

Uniformit

y

Cu

Curvature

Cc

IA

manua

tured

Aggregates:

opengra

ded,

lean

None

Angular,rusedstoneorrok,

rusedslag,indersorsell:large

oid

ontent,ontainlittleornones

100%

12%t

oALine

Iv-A

fine-Gra

ined

Soils:

Inorgani

mL

Inorgani

silts

andery

ne

sands,ro

kour,

siltyorlayeyne

sands,s

iltsit

sligtpla

stiity

100%

100%

>50%

Documents

Ips Pressure-irrigation Installation Guide 03-2011 Web