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WHEN DOES COPYRIGHT VESTS

Sec. 2, PD 49

Section 2.The Rights granted by this Decree shall, r!" the "!"ent ! creati!n, s#bsist $ith res%ect t! any ! the!ll!$ing classes ! $!r&s'

()* +!!&s, incl#ding c!"%!site and encycl!%edic $!r&s, "an#scri%ts, direct!ries, and gaetteers-

(+* Peri!dicals, incl#ding %a"%hlets and ne$s%a%ers-

(C* .ect#res, ser"!ns, addresses, dissertati!ns %re%ared !r !ral deli/ery-

(D* .etters-

(E* Dra"atic !r dra"atic!0"#sical c!"%!siti!ns- ch!re!gra%hic $!r&s and entertain"ents in d#"b sh!$s, the

acting !r" ! $hich is i1ed in $riting !r !ther$ise-

(2* 3#sical c!"%!siti!ns, $ith !r $ith!#t $!rds-

(G* W!r&s ! dra$ing, %ainting, architect#re, sc#l%t#re, engra/ing, lith!gra%hy, and !ther $!r&s ! art- "!dels !r

designs !r $!r&s ! art-

(H* Re%r!d#cti!ns ! a $!r& ! art-

(I* Original !rna"ental designs !r "!dels !r articles ! "an#act#re, $hether !r n!t %atentable, and !ther $!r&s! a%%lied art-

(4* 3a%s, %lans, s&etches, and charts-

(5* Dra$ings, !r %lastic $!r&s ! a scientiic !r technical character-

(.* Ph!t!gra%hic $!r&s and $!r&s %r!d#ced by a %r!cess anal!g!#s t! %h!t!gra%hy- lantern slides-

(3* Cine"at!gra%hic $!r&s and $!r&s %r!d#ced by a %r!cess anal!g!#s t! cine"at!gra%hy !r any %r!cess !r

"a&ing a#di!0/is#al rec!rdings-

(N* C!"%#ter %r!gra"s-

(O* Prints, %ict!rial, ill#strati!n, ad/ertising c!%ies, labels, tags, and b!1 $ra%s-

(P* Dra"atiati!n, translati!ns, ada%tati!ns, abridge"ents, arrange"ents and !ther alterati!ns ! literary, "#sical

!r artistic $!r&s !r ! $!r&s ! the Phili%%ine G!/ern"ent as herein deined, $hich shall be %r!tected as %r!/idedin Secti!n 6 ! this Decree7

(8* C!llecti!n ! literary, sch!larly, !r artistic $!r&s !r ! $!r&s reerred t! in Secti!n 9 ! this Decree $hich by

reas!n ! the selecti!n and arrange"ent ! their c!ntents c!nstit#te intellect#al creati!ns, the sa"e t! be %r!tected

as s#ch in acc!rdance $ith Secti!n 6 ! this Decree7

(R* Other literary, sch!larly, scientiic and artistic $!r&s7

Berne Convention

Article 5

Rights Guaranteed:

. and 2. !utside the countr" o# origin$ %. &n the countr" o# origin$ 4. 'Countr" o# origin(

(:* )#th!rs shall en;!y, in res%ect ! $!r&s !r $hich they are %r!tected #nder this C!n/enti!n, in c!#ntries ! the

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(=* The en;!y"ent and the e1ercise ! these rights shall n!t be s#b;ect t! any !r"ality- s#ch en;!y"ent and s#ch

e1ercise shall be inde%endent ! the e1istence ! %r!tecti!n in the c!#ntry ! !rigin ! the $!r&7 C!nse>#ently, a%art r!"

the %r!/isi!ns ! this C!n/enti!n, the e1tent ! %r!tecti!n, as $ell as the "eans ! redress a!rded t! the a#th!r t! %r!tect

his rights, shall be g!/erned e1cl#si/ely by the la$s ! the c!#ntry $here %r!tecti!n is clai"ed7

(?* Pr!tecti!n in the c!#ntry ! !rigin is g!/erned by d!"estic la$7 H!$e/er, $hen the a#th!r is n!t a nati!nal ! the

c!#ntry ! !rigin ! the $!r& !r $hich he is %r!tected #nder this C!n/enti!n, he shall en;!y in that c!#ntry the sa"e rights

as nati!nal a#th!rs7

(@* The c!#ntry ! !rigin shall be c!nsidered t! be'

(a* in the case ! $!r&s irst %#blished in a c!#ntry ! the

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7 3#sical c!"%!siti!ns, $ith !r $ith!#t $!rds-

g7 W!r&s ! dra$ing, %ainting, architect#re, sc#l%t#re, engra/ing, lith!gra%hy !r !ther $!r&s ! art- "!dels !r designs !r

$!r&s ! art-

h7 Original !rna"ental designs !r "!dels !r articles ! "an#act#re, $hether !r n!t registrable as an ind#strial design, and

!ther $!r&s ! a%%lied art- i7 Ill#strati!ns, "a%s, %lans, s&etches, charts and three0di"ensi!nal $!r&s relati/e t! ge!gra%hy,

t!%!gra%hy, architect#re !r science-

;7 Dra$ings !r %lastic $!r&s ! a scientiic !r technical character-

&7 Ph!t!gra%hic $!r&s incl#ding $!r&s %r!d#ced by a %r!cess anal!g!#s t! %h!t!gra%hy- lantern slides-

l7 )#di!/is#al $!r&s and cine"at!gra%hic $!r&s and $!r&s %r!d#ced by a %r!cess anal!g!#s t! cine"at!gra%hy !r any

%r!cess !r "a&ing a#di!0/is#al rec!rdings-

"7 Pict!rial ill#strati!ns and ad/ertise"ents-

n7 C!"%#ter %r!gra"s- and

!7 Other literary, sch!larly, scientiic and artistic $!r&s7

:A=7=7 W!r&s are %r!tected by the s!le act ! their creati!n, irres%ecti/e ! their "!de !r !r" ! e1%ressi!n, as $ell as !

their c!ntent, >#ality and %#r%!se7 (Sec7 =, P7D7 N!7 @9a* cda

C!P)R&G*+ SA-GARD A/DS R-G0A+&!/S

SECTION =7 Eects ! Registrati!n and De%!sit ! W!r&7 B The registrati!n and de%!sit ! the $!r& is %#rely !r

rec!rding the date ! registrati!n and de%!sit ! the $!r& and shall n!t be c!ncl#si/e as t! c!%yright !$nershi% !r the ter"

! c!%yrights !r the rights ! the c!%yright !$ner, incl#ding neighb!ring rights7

SECTION ?7 Eect ! N!n0Registrati!n and De%!sit7 B I, $ithin three (?* $ee&s ater recei%t by the c!%yright !$ner ! a

$ritten de"and r!" TN. and!r SC. !r the de%!sit ! a $!r& listed in R#le

Sec7 @ ! this S)R, the re>#ired c!%ies are n!t deli/ered and the ee !r registrati!n and de%!sit is n!t %aid, the c!%yright!$ner, his assignee, !r his agent shall be liable t! %ay a ine e>#i/alent t! the re>#ired ee %er "!nth ! delay and t! %ay t!

TN. and SC. the a"!#nt ! the retail %rice ! the best editi!n ! the $!r&7

SECTION @7 Other .a$s7 B

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additi!nal de%!sit ! the $!r&s $ith the Nati!nal .ibrary and the S#%re"e C!#rt .ibrary #nder !ther la$s7 I, $ithin three(?* $ee&s ater recei%t by the c!%yright !$ner ! a $ritten de"and r!" the direct!rs !r s#ch de%!sit, the re>#ired c!%ies

!r re%r!d#cti!ns are n!t deli/ered and the ee is n!t %aid, the c!%yright !$ner shall be liable t! %ay a ine e>#i/alent t! the

re>#ired ee %er "!nth ! delay and t! %ay t! the Nati!nal .ibrary and the S#%re"e C!#rt .ibrary the a"!#nt ! the retail

%rice ! the best editi!n ! the $!r&7 Only the ab!/e "enti!ned classes ! $!r& shall be acce%ted !r de%!sit by the Nati!nal.ibrary and the S#%re"e C!#rt .ibrary7 (Sec7 =F, P7D7 N!7 @9a*

Section 92.Notice of Copyright7 0 Each c!%y ! a $!r& %#blished !r !ered !r sale "ay c!ntain a n!tice bearing the

na"e ! the c!%yright !$ner, and the year ! its irst %#blicati!n, and, in c!%ies %r!d#ced ater the creat!rs death, the year! s#ch death7 (Sec7 =A, P7D7 N!7 @9a*

C*AP+-R

1&SC-00A/-!S PR!3&S&!/S

Section 22.Ownership of Deposit and Instruments7 0 )ll c!%ies de%!sited and instr#"ents in $riting iled $ith the

Nati!nal .ibrary and the S#%re"e C!#rt .ibrary in acc!rdance $ith the %r!/isi!ns ! this )ct shall bec!"e the %r!%erty !

the G!/ern"ent7 (Sec7 F, P7D7 N!7 @9*

Section 22.Public Records7 0 The secti!n !r di/isi!n ! the Nati!nal .ibrary and the S#%re"e C!#rt .ibrary charged $ith

recei/ing c!%ies and instr#"ents de%!sited and $ith &ee%ing rec!rds re>#ired #nder this )ct and e/erything in it shall be!%ened t! %#blic ins%ecti!n7 The Direct!r ! the Nati!nal .ibrary is e"%!$ered t! iss#e s#ch saeg#ards and reg#lati!ns as

"ay be necessary t! i"%le"ent this Secti!n and !ther %r!/isi!ns ! this )ct7 (Sec7 F:, P7D7 N!7 @9*

Section 229.Copyright Division !ees7 0 The C!%yright Secti!n ! the Nati!nal .ibrary shall be classiied as a Di/isi!n

#%!n the eecti/ity ! this )ct7 The Nati!nal .ibrary shall ha/e the %!$er t! c!llect, !r the discharge ! its ser/ices #nder

this )ct, s#ch ees as "ay be %r!"#lgated by it r!" ti"e t! ti"e s#b;ect t! the a%%r!/al ! the De%art"ent Head7 (Sec7 F=,P7D7 @9a*

Co6"right sa#eguards

R0- 5

Registrati!n and De%!sit ! W!r&

SECTION :7 Wh! 3ay )%%ly7 B The !$ner !r assignee ! the c!%yright !r his d#ly a#th!ried agent !r re%resentati/e,

"ay a%%ly !r a certiicate ! registrati!n and de%!sit ! the $!r&' Pr!/ided, That i an a#th!r c!#ld n!t clai" the beneit !c!%yright %r!tecti!n, his assignee !r agent cann!t clai" it7 I the a%%licant is n!t the !$ner !r a#th!r !r assignee ! the

$!r&, he shall be re>#ired t! s#b"it his a#th!rity t! a%%ly7

)n assignee is a %ers!n t! $h!" an a#th!r "ay assign c!%yright in $h!le !r in %art7 The assignee is entitled t! all the rights

and re"edies $hich the assign!r has $ith res%ect t! the c!%yright7

)lth!#gh n! c!%yright sh!#ld s#bsist in any $!r& ! the g!/ern"ent, any e"%l!yee "ay clai" it by s#b"itting !rregistrati!n any $!r& that has been created d#ring the ti"e ! his e"%l!y"ent b#t $hich d!es n!t !r" %art ! his reg#larly

%rescribed !icial d#ties7

SECTION =7 Identiicati!n ! )#th!r !r )#th!rs7 B )n a%%licati!n !r c!%yright certiicate shall identiy the a#th!r !ra#th!rs, as ar as %racticable, $ith!#t %re;#dice t! the %r!/isi!ns ! Secti!ns :A:7= and :A9 ! the IPC7

SECTION ?7 N!n0Resident )%%licant7 B ) n!n0resident a%%licant shall a%%!int a resident agent, by s%ecial %!$er !

att!rney (SP)*, $h! shall be a#th!ried t! %#rs#e the c!%yright a%%licati!n!r hisherits behal $ith TN. and!r the SC. and t! recei/e ser/ice ! n!tice !r !ther legal %r!cess relating t! the

a%%licati!n and the c!%yright7 In the e/ent ! death, absence !r inca%acity ! the resident agent, the a%%licant shall a%%!int a

ne$ resident agent, by SP) $ith re/!cati!n

! the %ri!r SP), and ile n!tice and a c!%y there! $ith TN. and!r the SC.7

SECTION @7 W!r&s That Shall +e Registered and De%!sited7 B T$! (=* c!%ies !r re%r!d#cti!ns ! the !ll!$ing classes !

$!r&s, and transers and assign"ents related theret!, shall be registered and de%!sited $ith TN. C!%yright Di/isi!n and

an!ther t$! (=* c!%ies $ith the SC.'

@

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+!!&s, %a"%hlets, articles and !ther $ritings-

Peri!dicals and ne$s%a%ers-

.ect#res, ser"!ns, addresses, dissertati!ns %re%ared !r !ral deli/ery $hether !r n!t red#ced in $riting !r !ther "aterial

!r"-

.etters-

3#sical c!"%!siti!ns $ith !r $ith!#t $!rds7

SECTION 7 Re%licas and Pict#res7 B 2!r %ractical %#r%!ses, !nly re%licas and %ict#res ! the !ll!$ing classes ! $!r&s,shall be registered and de%!sited $ith TN. C!%yright Di/isi!n'

W!r&s ! dra$ing, %ainting, architect#re, sc#l%t#re, engra/ing, lith!gra%hy !r !ther $!r&s ! art, "!dels !r designs !r

$!r&s ! art-

Original !rna"ental designs !r "!dels !r articles ! "an#act#re, $hether !r n!t registerable as an ind#strial design, and

!ther $!r&s ! a%%lied art-

Ill#strati!ns, "a%s, %lans, s&etches, charts and three0di"ensi!nal $!r&s relati/e t! ge!gra%hy, t!%!gra%hy, architect#re !rscience-

Dra$ings !r %lastic $!r&s ! a scientiic !r technical character7

SECTION F7 W!r&s that 3ay be Registered and De%!sited7 B The !ll!$ing $!r&s "ay be registered and de%!sited'

Dra"atic !r dra"atic0"#sical c!"%!siti!ns, ch!re!gra%hic $!r&s !r entertain"ent in sh!$s-

Ph!t!gra%hic $!r&s incl#ding $!r&s %r!d#ced by a %r!cess anal!g!#s t! %h!t!gra%hy, lantern slides-

)#di!/is#al $!r&s and cine"at!gra%hic $!r&s and $!r&s %r!d#ced by a %r!cess anal!g!#s t! cine"at!gra%hy !r any%r!cess !r "a&ing a#di!0/is#al rec!rdings-

Pict!rial ill#strati!ns and ad/ertise"ents-

C!"%#ter %r!gra"s-

Other literary, sch!larly, scientiic and artistic $!r&s-

S!#nd rec!rdings-

+r!adcast rec!rdings7

SECTION A7 When t! Register and De%!sit7 B The registrati!n and de%!sit ! c!%ies !r

re%r!d#cti!ns ! the $!r& !r $!r&s, #sing the %rescribed !r", shall be "ade %ers!nally !r by registered "ail $ithin three

(?* $ee&s ater the irst %#blic disse"inati!n !r %#blicati!n as a#th!ried by the a#th!r7

&PC

Section 2."ffidavit #vidence7 0 =:67:7 In an acti!n #nder this Cha%ter, an aida/it "ade be!re a n!tary %#blic by !r !n

behal ! the !$ner ! the c!%yright in any $!r& !r !ther s#b;ect "atter and stating that'

(a* )t the ti"e s%eciied therein, c!%yright s#bsisted in the $!r& !r !ther s#b;ect "atter-

(b* He !r the %ers!n na"ed therein is the !$ner ! the c!%yright- and

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(c* The c!%y ! the $!r& !r !ther s#b;ect "atter anne1ed theret! is a tr#e c!%y there!, shall be ad"itted ine/idence in any %r!ceedings !r an !ense #nder this Cha%ter and shall be %ri"a acie %r!! ! the "atters therein

stated #ntil the c!ntrary is %r!/ed, and the c!#rt be!re $hich s#ch aida/it is %r!d#ced shall ass#"e that the

aida/it $as "ade by !r !n behal ! the !$ner ! the c!%yright7

=:67=7 In an acti!n #nder this Cha%ter'

(a* C!%yright shall be %res#"ed t! s#bsist in the $!r& !r !ther s#b;ect "atter t! $hich the acti!n relates i the

deendant d!es n!t %#t in iss#e the >#esti!n $hether c!%yright s#bsists in the $!r& !r !ther s#b;ect "atter- and

(b* Where the s#bsistence ! the c!%yright is established, the %lainti shall be %res#"ed t! be the !$ner ! thec!%yright i he clai"s t! be the !$ner ! the c!%yright and the deendant d!es n!t %#t in iss#e the >#esti!n ! his

!$nershi%7

(c* Where the deendant, $ith!#t g!!d aith, %#ts in iss#e the >#esti!ns ! $hether c!%yright s#bsists in a $!r& !r

!ther s#b;ect "atter t! $hich the acti!n relates, !r the !$nershi% ! c!%yright in s#ch $!r& !r s#b;ect "atter,thereby !ccasi!ning #nnecessary c!sts !r delay in the %r!ceedings, the c!#rt "ay direct that any c!sts t! the

deendant in res%ect ! the acti!n shall n!t be all!$ed by hi" and that any c!sts !ccasi!ned by the deendant t!

!ther %arties shall be %aid by hi" t! s#ch !ther %arties7 (n*

Section 29.Presumption of "uthorship7 0 =:97:7 The nat#ral %ers!n $h!se na"e is indicated !n a $!r& in the #s#al

"anner as the a#th!r shall, in the absence ! %r!! t! the c!ntrary, be %res#"ed t! be the a#th!r ! the $!r&7 This %r!/isi!nshall be a%%licable e/en i the na"e is a %se#d!ny", $here the %se#d!ny" lea/es n! d!#bt as t! the identity ! the a#th!r7

=:97=7 The %ers!n !r b!dy c!r%!rate $h!se na"e a%%ears !n a a#di!0/is#al $!r& in the #s#al "anner shall, in the absence! %r!! t! the c!ntrary, be %res#"ed t! be the "a&er ! said $!r&7 (n*

SC!P- ! C!P)R&G*+

Berne

)rticle =

Pr!tected W!r&s':7 J.iterary and artistic $!r&sK-

=7 P!ssible re>#ire"ent ! i1ati!n-

?7 Deri/ati/e $!r&s-

@7 Oicial te1ts-

7 C!llecti!ns-

F7 Obligati!n t! %r!tect- beneiciaries ! %r!tecti!n-

A7 W!r&s ! a%%lied art and ind#strial designs-

67 Ne$s

(:* The e1%ressi!n Jliterary and artistic $!r&sK shall incl#de e/ery %r!d#cti!n in the literary, scientiic and artistic d!"ain,

$hate/er "ay be the "!de !r !r" ! its e1%ressi!n, s#ch as b!!&s, %a"%hlets and !ther $ritings- lect#res, addresses,

ser"!ns and !ther $!r&s ! the sa"e nat#re- dra"atic !r dra"atic!0"#sical $!r&s- ch!re!gra%hic $!r&s andentertain"ents in d#"b sh!$- "#sical c!"%!siti!ns $ith !r $ith!#t $!rds- cine"at!gra%hic $!r&s t! $hich are

assi"ilated $!r&s e1%ressed by a %r!cess anal!g!#s t! cine"at!gra%hy- $!r&s ! dra$ing, %ainting, architect#re, sc#l%t#re,

engra/ing and lith!gra%hy- %h!t!gra%hic $!r&s t! $hich are assi"ilated $!r&s e1%ressed by a %r!cess anal!g!#s t!

%h!t!gra%hy- $!r&s ! a%%lied art- ill#strati!ns, "a%s, %lans, s&etches and three0di"ensi!nal $!r&s relati/e t! ge!gra%hy,

t!%!gra%hy, architect#re !r science7

(=* It shall, h!$e/er, be a "atter !r legislati!n in the c!#ntries ! the

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s%eciied categ!ries ! $!r&s shall n!t be %r!tected #nless they ha/e been i1ed in s!"e "aterial !r"7

(?* Translati!ns, ada%tati!ns, arrange"ents ! "#sic and !ther alterati!ns ! a literary !r artistic $!r& shall be

%r!tected as !riginal $!r&s $ith!#t %re;#dice t! the c!%yright in the !riginal $!r&7

(@* It shall be a "atter !r legislati!n in the c!#ntries ! the

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&PC

C*AP+-R &&

!R&G&/A0 !R

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%#blisher shall ha/e a c!%yright c!nsisting "erely ! the right ! re%r!d#cti!n ! the ty%!gra%hical arrange"ent ! the%#blished editi!n ! the $!r&7 (n*

C*AP+-R &3

!R