Iowa AWMAIowa AWMAAir Permit WorkshopAir Permit Workshop

Stack Testing BasicsStack Testing Basics

Dan DespenDan Despen

Interpoll Laboratories, Inc.Interpoll Laboratories, Inc.

AgendaAgenda

The BasicsThe Basics• EPA Method 1: Testing LocationEPA Method 1: Testing Location• EPA Method 2: Volumetric FlowEPA Method 2: Volumetric Flow• EPA Method 3: Gas CompositionEPA Method 3: Gas Composition• EPA Method 4: Moisture DeterminationEPA Method 4: Moisture Determination

Agenda, Cont’dAgenda, Cont’d

The Pollutants:The Pollutants:• EPA Method 5:EPA Method 5: ParticulateParticulate• EPA Method 202: EPA Method 202: Condensable PMCondensable PM• EPA Method 7E: EPA Method 7E: Oxides of NitrogenOxides of Nitrogen• EPA Method 10: EPA Method 10: Carbon MonoxideCarbon Monoxide• EPA Method 25A: EPA Method 25A: VOC as carbonVOC as carbon

EPA Method 1EPA Method 1

Sample and velocity traverses for Sample and velocity traverses for stationary sourcesstationary sources

Very critical to successful testingVery critical to successful testing Includes only basic flow Includes only basic flow

considerations, need to add:considerations, need to add:• SafetySafety• AccessAccess• Space (“elbow room”)Space (“elbow room”)

Method 2Method 2

Determination of Volumetric Flow Determination of Volumetric Flow RateRate• DSCFMDSCFM• ACFMACFM

Average TemperatureAverage Temperature Average Velocity PressureAverage Velocity Pressure Absolute Pressure (Pb + Ps)Absolute Pressure (Pb + Ps)

Method 3Method 3

Used to determine the molecular Used to determine the molecular weight of the gas stream (Ref. EPA weight of the gas stream (Ref. EPA Method 2)Method 2)

Also for determining the oxygen or Also for determining the oxygen or carbon dioxide content of the gas carbon dioxide content of the gas stream (as in a diluent, or CEM stream (as in a diluent, or CEM measurement case)measurement case)

Method 4Method 4

Used to determine the moisture Used to determine the moisture content of the gas streamcontent of the gas stream

Enters into the determination of wet Enters into the determination of wet molecular weight (EPA Method 2)molecular weight (EPA Method 2)

Used to calculate dry standard cubic Used to calculate dry standard cubic feet (DSCF) from Actual (ACFM)feet (DSCF) from Actual (ACFM)

Method 5Method 5

Used to determine the particulate Used to determine the particulate concentration of the gas streamconcentration of the gas stream

EPA Method 5 only determines the EPA Method 5 only determines the “dry” fraction – that which is “dry” fraction – that which is considered filterableconsidered filterable

Includes the material captured in the Includes the material captured in the probe and on the filterprobe and on the filter

EPA Method 202EPA Method 202

Used to determine the condensable Used to determine the condensable fraction of particulate matterfraction of particulate matter

Erroneously referred to as:Erroneously referred to as:• OrganicOrganic• InorganicInorganic

Really the differentiation is the Really the differentiation is the polarity of the material collectedpolarity of the material collected• Methylene chloride is the differentiating Methylene chloride is the differentiating

solvent (note: NOT very polar)solvent (note: NOT very polar)

Method 5

Filter and Probe Rinse Weight Analysis

11.2.1 (Filter)

Constant Weight (g) 0.0005

11.2.2 (Probe Wash)

Constant Weight (g) 0.0005

Total Mass (g) 0.0010

(GR) 0.0154

Volume Sampled (DSCF) 30

“Particulate” Concentration (GR/DSCF) 0.0005

Method 5 Detectable Level (GR/DSCF) 0.0051

(Ten times the “error”)

Concerns regarding “dual” limits:Concerns regarding “dual” limits:

Permit has both (LB/HR) & (GR/DSCF)Permit has both (LB/HR) & (GR/DSCF)

(LB/HR) = (GR/DSCF)(DSCF/HR)(LB/7000GR)(LB/HR) = (GR/DSCF)(DSCF/HR)(LB/7000GR)

(LB/HR) frequently modeled, but (GR/DSCF) is the (LB/HR) frequently modeled, but (GR/DSCF) is the measured quantitymeasured quantity

As an example, a well functioning baghouse will As an example, a well functioning baghouse will have approximately the same lb/hr at variable air have approximately the same lb/hr at variable air flows, but the GR/DSCF will vary with dilution.flows, but the GR/DSCF will vary with dilution.

Method 7E, 10Method 7E, 10

7E is for the determination of oxides 7E is for the determination of oxides of nitrogen (NOx)of nitrogen (NOx)

10 is for the determination of carbon 10 is for the determination of carbon monoxide (CO)monoxide (CO)

Both are typically performed real-Both are typically performed real-time using instrumentationtime using instrumentation

May May

Method 25AMethod 25A

Determination of Total Gaseous Determination of Total Gaseous Organic Concentration using a Flame Organic Concentration using a Flame Ionization DetectorIonization Detector

General (“whole”, “Total”) Volatile General (“whole”, “Total”) Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)Organic Compound (VOC)

Uses propane or methane standardsUses propane or methane standards Gross carbon counterGross carbon counter Does not see formaldehydeDoes not see formaldehyde