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2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Kevin Ham, M.D., President Don Ham, VP
Refresh Smart Home www.refreshsmarthome.com
IOT & IAQ for a Healthy Lifestyle
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
• The atmosphere• More important than water or food for survival• Breath of billions of lives throughout history
What is Air?
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
The Atmosphere
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Earth • Nitrogen 78.09%• Oxygen 20.95%• Argon 0.93%• Carbon Dioxide 0.04%
Venus• Carbon Dioxide• Clouds of Sulfuric Acid
Mars• Carbon Dioxide 95%• Nitrogen 3%• Argon 1.6%
Saturn• Hydrogen 75%• Helium 25%
Air on Earth
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
How long without oxygen?
Why 20.9%?• At 100% Oxygen?• On Mount Everest at 8900m elevation?
Why Oxygen?
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
phi·los·o·phynoun
• a pursuit of wisdom• core beliefs, concepts, and
attitudes of an individual or group
What is your Health Philosophy?
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
The doctor of the future will give no medicines,but will interest his patients
in the care of the human frame, in diet, andin the causes and prevention of disease.
Thomas Edison1847-1931
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
HematoCentric Health
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Into the Blood
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
• What is bad in air?• What are the health effects when it gets in your blood?
Keep Bad Pollutants Out
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Outdoor Air Pollutants
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
• Particulate Matter (PM)• Nitrogen Dioxides (NO2)• Ozone (O3)• Benzene and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH)
Bad Air Pollutants
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Particles• Cardiovascular disease, Lung disease, Asthma, Reproduction,
Cancer, InfectionNitrogen Dioxides
• Lung disease, Asthma, Immune dysfunction, CancerOzone
• Asthma, Eye irritation, HeadacheBenzene and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
• Cancer
Something like the body diagram only with health effects
Health Impact
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Air Pollution a Big Killer
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
• 60,000 premature deaths a year from PM in U.S.• 125,000 cancers a year from breathing diesel fumes in U.S.• 150,000 to 350,000 deaths a year from indoor and outdoor air
pollution in U.S.
* WHO estimates** EPA estimates
U.S. Preventable Deaths
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
• WHO estimates 8 million people die every year• Outdoor air pollution caused 4.2 million deaths in 2016• Household air pollution caused 3.8 million deaths
• from cooking with polluting fuels• 90% of air pollution-related deaths in low- and middle-income
countries• Asia and Africa• Eastern Mediterranean, Europe and the Americas
Global Health Impact
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Health Impact in Children
• Can impact a child’s health early and later in life• Reduced lung function, increase risk of asthma• Impaired mental and motor development and behavioural issues• Childhood cancers• Risk of heart disease, diabetes and stroke in adulthood• 543,000 deaths in children under 5 (2016)• 52,000 deaths in children 5-15 years (2016)
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Most people spend more than 90% indoors
Air pollutants are 2-10 times higher than outdoors• Indoor-generated air pollutants• Outdoor air pollution indoors
* EPA and National Institute of Health
Indoor Air is Worse
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Indoor air is a greater threat to health than outdoor air pollution
Four most dangerous indoor air pollutants are:• Tobacco smoke• Formaldehyde (upholstery, paneling, particle board, carpet,
foam insulation)• Radioactive radon-222 gas (must be vented)• Particulate matter
Indoor Air is Worse
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Indoor Air is Worse
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
PM10• larger particulate matter that can cause asthma attacks or other
respiratory problems. Eliminated by coughing, sneezingPM2.5• tiny enough to pass through your lungs straight into your blood • harmful chemicals directly into the blood• can cause strokes and heart attacks, cancer, birth defects
Pollutants in your Blood
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Acute health- or comfort-related effects linked directly to time in the building
• Inadequate Ventilation 48%• Indoor Pollutants 18%• Outdoor Pollutants 10%• Humidity 4%• Contamination (building fabric) 3%• Smoking 2%
Sick Building Syndrome
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
• Radon-222 – radioactive carcinogenic gas• Occurs naturally when Uranium-238 decays in soil and rocks• Can seep into houses with cracks in floor or walls• Can cause lung cancer
Radon
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
• a highly toxic gas formed by incomplete combustion of carbon materials
• Colorless, odourless gas• Binds to hemoglobin 230 times stronger than oxygen• From cars, heaters, cooking equipment using carbon-based
fuels
Carbon Monoxide
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
• Smoking• City living• Cooking• Forest Fires
Smoking
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
City or Rural Living?
City dwellerNormal Smoker
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Smoker
Normal Lung Lung of a Person who Died of Emphysema
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
• EPA recognizes IAQ as top 5 health hazard• More than 11,000 VOCs identified in products• Indoor 10x more pollutants than outdoor• 20 toxic compounds (cancer/birth defects) 200-500x higher
indoors• AMA – 50% of all illnesses caused or aggravated by poor IAQ• Houses in yr 1900 : 50 materials vs yr 2000 : 55,000 materials
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
• 75% of asthmatics triggered by perfumes• 884 out of 2,983 substances in fragrances can cause cancer,
birth defects, CNS disorders, allergies, skin and eye irritations• 100 VOCs – 5 of 6 products emitted one or more carcinogenic
hazardous air pollutants which EPA considers to have no safe exposure level
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Microbes
• Dust Mites – 2 million average on a bed, humidity > 55%• Viruses – influenza, rhinovirus• Bacteria – endospores• Mold• Animal Dander
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Prevention
• Improve energy efficiency and reduce fossil fuel use• Rely more on lower-polluting natural gas• More renewable energy (solar, geothermal)• Reduce poverty• Cheap and efficient cookware• Ban indoor smoking
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
• Don’t buy furniture or products containing formaldehyde• Remove your shoes before entering your house to reduce inputs
of dust, lead and pesticides• Test for asbestos fiber levels if built before 1980• Don’t live in a pre-1980 house without having its indoor air tested
for asbestos and lead• Do not store gasoline, solvents, or other volatile hazardous
chemicals inside or attached garage
Prevention
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
• Cover ceiling tiles and lining of AC ducts to prevent release of mineral fibers
• Ban smoking• Stricter formaldehyde emissions standards for carpet, furniture
and building materials• Use office machines in well ventilated areas• Use less polluting substitutes for harmful cleaning agents, paints
Prevention
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
IOT and IAQ
• Content• Out of sight, Out of mind• What is the Internet of Things and
how can it help with IAQ?• Monitor, Control, Purify
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Monitor
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
• Prevent health impact due to indoor air pollution• Monitor indoor air pollutants• Use Smart and Healthy monitors with Automated feedback loops to
keep you and your loved ones safe• Simple automated monitoring for pollutants
• Particulates, radon, CO, VOCs, nitrogen dioxide, carbon dioxide• Install carbon monoxide detectors in all sleeping areas• Test for radon and prevent radon infiltration
Monitor
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Monitor
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Monitor
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Control
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Purify
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
• Use adjustable fresh air vents• Increase intake of outside air• Change air more frequently• Purify your air with air purifiers• Circulate building’s air through rooftop green houses• Use exhaust hoods for stoves & appliances burning natural gas• Install efficient chimneys for wood-burning stoves
Purify
2019 IAQA Annual Meeting
Conclusions
• In today’s world of technological advancements utilizing the latest IOT hardware will help people optimize their indoor air quality as well as help more people understand its importance.
