Inverclyde green network opportunities mapping final report

InverclydeGreen Network

Opportunities Mapping

GCV Green Network Partnership

www.gcvgreennetwork.gov.uk www.gcvgreennetwork.gov.uk

Contents

1 Summary.............................................2 Introduction.......................................... 2.1 WhatistheGreenNetwork? 2.2 WhatComprisestheGreenNetwork? 2.3 PolicyContextandRationale 2.4 TheRoleofPlanninginDelivery3 Methodology......................................... 3.1 Approach 3.2 AnalysisandOutputs

4 InterpretationofAnalysis............................. 4.1 Overview 4.2 GreenNetworkandLandUseAnalysis 4.3 GreenNetworkLandUseplusSIMDAnalysis

5 AnalysisofIndividualDatasets........................

5.1 StrategicAccessPriorities6 Conclusions..........................................

6.1 InverclydeStrategicGreenNetworkOpportunities 6.2 InverclydeGreenNetworkExpansionPriorities 6.3 FutureApplicationsofOutputs 6.3.1 LocalDevelopmentPlan 6.3.2 MasterplanningandDevelopmentProposals 6.3.3 DevelopmentManagement 6.3.4 GreenNetworkStrategyDevelopment 6.3.5 TargetingofResources 6.3.6 SingleOutcomeAgreements

7 Appendices..........................................

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1 Summary

TheCentralScotlandGreenNetworkisaNationalDevelopmentasidentifiedinNationalPlanning Framework2andassuchitsdeliverymustbeconsideredandplannedforatregionalandlocal authoritylevelswhenproducingplanningpolicyandindevelopmentmanagementdecisionmaking.

TheGCVGreenNetworkPartnershipdevelopedaGISbasedapproachtoidentifyingstrategicregional opportunitiesfordeliveryoftheGreenNetworkintheGlasgowandClydeValley(GCV)Strategic DevelopmentPlan.TheanalysisusesarangeofGreenNetwork,developmentandsocialdatasetsto identifystrategiclocationswheretheplanningprocessandthetargetingofresourcescandelivermultiple GreenNetworkbenefits.

TheapproachwasrecognisedbyInverclyeCouncilashavingthepotentialtoidentifyGreen NetworkOpportunitiesatalocalauthorityscale.Themethodology,andthedatasetsused,wererefined andadaptedtoreflectInverclyde’sparticularcircumstances.

InthefirstinstancetheanalysiswasrunusingpurelylandusebasedspatialdatasetstoidentifyGreen NetworkOpportunitiesintermsofdeliveryofinfrastructuretoenhanceandaugmentthenetwork.The “hotspots”indentifiedthroughthisfirstphaseoftheanalysisare:

Four sets of outputs were produced to cover a range of potential scenarios.These were:

1 Wemyss Bay 2 Levan 3 Gourock Park 4 Lyle Hill 5 Smithston/Gateside, Greenock 6 Bridgend/Gibshill, Greenock 7 Alderwood 8 Kilmacolm

Inverclyde Council wished to further prioritise and target Green Network delivery in areas of social deprivation where the enhancement of the environment is likely to have greater health and social impact. This was done in order to correlate those areas of “geographic” need highlighted in the first data run to areas with known deficiencies in social opportunity and therefore a corresponding level of social need. The analysis was rerun using the Social Indices of Multiple Deprivation as a proxy for social need. The “hotspots” indentified through this second phase of the analysis are: A Smithston/Gateside, Greenock B Broomhill/Drumfrochar, Greenock C Bridgend/Gibshill, Greenock D Fyfe Shore/Kelburn, Port Glasgow E Park Farm/Oronsay, Port Glasgow

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Green Network Opportunities Mapping

www.gcvgreennetwork.gov.uk www.gcvgreennetwork.gov.uk www.gcvgreennetwork.gov.uk www.gcvgreennetwork.gov.uk

Thisreportdescribestheapproachandinterpretstheoutputsgeneratedthroughbothphasesofthe analysis.Italsorecommendsthattheoutputsshouldbeusedto:

• DeveloprobustanddefensibleGreenNetworkpoliciesfortheLocalDevelopmentPlan • Targetlimitedresourcesandplanninggaineffectively • Informmasterplanninganddevelopmentmanagement • DevelopGreenNetworkStrategiesforopportunityareasidentifiedthroughanalysis • InformStrategieswhichsupporttheLocalDevelopmentPlane.g.OpenSpace,Biodiversityand AccessStrategies • SetSingleOutcomeAgreementTargetsandmeasures

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www.gcvgreennetwork.gov.uk www.gcvgreennetwork.gov.uk 3


introduction


2 Introduction

2.1 WhatistheGreenNetwork?

TheGreenNetworkisalargescaleandambitiousinitiativethatwill,throughplannedandco-ordinated localactionwhichdeliversastrategicvision,transformCentralScotlandbyimprovinglocalcommunities, promotinghealthierlifestyles,connectingandenhancingnaturalhabitats,transformingperceptionsand byattractingandretaininginvestmentinthearea. TheGreenNetworkwilldeliverarangeofoutcomesincluding:

EnterpriseDevelopment

TheeconomywillbenefitfromtheGreenNetworkbecauseitprovides:

• attractivelocationsinwhichexistingbusinesseswillwishtoremainastheydevelopandgrow • vibrantcommunitiesthatwillattractnewbusinessinvestment,andencouragestaffrecruitment andretention • newopportunitiesforinnovativeenterprisestohelpmanagetheGreenNetwork HealthImprovement

PeoplewillbenefitfromtheGreenNetworkbecauseitwillprovide:

• attractivelocationsinwhichtoexerciseorrelax • safespacesthatencouragewell-beingandcommunityspirit • cleanerlivingenvironmentsofwhichlocalpeoplecanbeproud

StrongerCommunities

CommunitieswillbenefitfromtheGreenNetworkbecauseitwill:

• providewell-designed,sustainableplacesinwhichtolive • empowerlocalcommunitiestotakeownershipandhelpcreatethesafe,attractiveplacesthat theywant • providespacesthatpeoplecanbeproudofandwhichwillhelpdevelopacommunityspirit

BiodiversityandtheEnvironment

People,wildlifeandenvironmentwillbenefitfromtheGreenNetworkbecauseit:

• providesrobustdiversehabitats,linkingacrossthecityregion • reduceshumanimpactontheenvironment • reducestheimpactofclimatechangeontheurbanpopulation

2.2 WhatComprisestheGreenNetwork?

TheGreenNetworkisanetworkofhighqualityconnectedgreenandopenspacewhichdeliversarange ofmultiplebenefitsasdescribedandisdesignedandmaintainedtodeliverthesebenefitsnowand intothefuture.


www.gcvgreennetwork.gov.uk www.gcvgreennetwork.gov.uk www.gcvgreennetwork.gov.uk www.gcvgreennetwork.gov.uk 6

Theform,sizeandfunctionofitsindividualelementswillvarysignificantly,however,thecombination oftheseindividualelementsiswhatwillcreatetheNetwork.

InthinkingaboutthedevelopmentoftheGreenNetwork,itishelpfultodistinguishbetween:

GreenNetworkCores/Hubs

–largeareasofexistingornewgreenspacewhichalreadydeliverawiderangeofGreenNetwork benefits.Theaimshouldbetoprotectandexpandtheseareas,tocreatenewcores/hubs, createvisualconnectionsand,critically,todevelopcorridorstolinkthem;

GreenNetworkCorridorsandLinks

–continuouscorridorsofgreenspacealongrivers,disusedrailways,pathsandcyclewaysand existingrailwaysandroadswhichservetoconnectGreenNetworkCores/Hubs.Manyofthesecorridorsareincomplete,orprovidealimitednumberoffunctions,soakeyaimistoincreasethenumber,continuity,visualinteractionandfunctionalityofthesecorridors;

GreenNetworkSteppingStones

–itmaynotalwaysbenecessaryorappropriatetocreateacontinuouscorridorofgreenspace. Manyplantandanimalspecies,forexample,areabletomoveshortdistancesbetweenareas ofhabitat.Historicallysuburbshadregularpublicandprivatesquaressetamongstdensely developedterraces.ThedevelopmentofGreenNetworkSteppingStonescanprovideincomplete corridorslinkinglargerareasofgreenspace.Thiscouldincludetheplantingofstreettrees, improvedroadsidevergesorgardenimprovement. IsolatedGreenspaces

-itislikelythattherewillalwaysbesomeisolatedgreenspaceswhicharedifficulttoconnectto thewiderGreenNetwork.Whilethespacesfunctioninadifferentmanner,theystillprovide considerablebenefitstolocalcommunities.Theroleofthesespacesinmeetingaperceivedneed withinlocalcommunitiesshouldnotbeignored,asperceptionofneedisasstrongadriveras geographicneed.

GreenNetworkCores/Hubs,CorridorsandLinks,andSteppingStonesmaybecomprisedofanynumber oftypesofgreenspaceasdefinedinPAN65‘PlanningandOpenSpace’.



2.3 PolicyContextandRationale

Thedifficultyoftenforpractioners,whetherplanners,landmanagersordevelopers,istointerpretnational policyandguidanceintolocalpolicyandguidance,butmoreimportantlyintodeliveryonthegroundin theformofqualityplacesinwhichpeoplewillwanttolive,workandrecreate.

This“goldenthread”ofnationalpolicyintolocaldeliveryiswhatthisdocumentseekstohelpdeliverby assistinglocalauthoritiestosetlocallyderivedandsensitiveGreenNetworkprioritieswhichhelptodeliver theGCVGreenNetwork-aregionalcomponentoftheCentralScotlandGreenNetwork(aNational Development)assetoutinNationalPlanningFramework2.

Thehierarchyofpolicycontextwithinwhichthiswillbeachievedisoutlinedbelow.

2.3.1 ScottishPolicyFramework

ScottishPlanningPolicy(SPP)

ScottishPlanningPolicy(SPP)isthestatementoftheScottishGovernment’spolicyonnationally importantlanduseplanningmattersandsupersedesthepreviousindividualdocuments.

OfparticularrelevancetothedeliveryoftheGreenNetworkarethesectionsrelatingtothe preparationofDevelopmentPlans,DevelopmentManagementandanumberoftheindividual subjectpoliciesincluding:

OpenSpaceandPhysicalActivity

“Greennetworkswhichprovideopportunitiesforphysicalactivityandaccesstotheoutdoors,and increaseaccessibilitywithinsettlementsandtothesurroundingcountryside,shouldbepromoted andsafeguardedthroughthedevelopmentplan”

LandscapeandNaturalHeritage

“Astrategicapproachtonaturalheritage...linkedtogetherinintegratedhabitatnetworkscanmake animportantcontributionto...biodiversity”

“PlanningAuthoritiesshouldseektopreventfurtherfragmentationandisolation...andidentify opportunitiestorestorelinks”

FloodingandDrainage

“Watercoursesshouldnotbeculvertedaspartofanewdevelopment…andexitingculverts shouldbeopenedwherepossible.Inallcasesopportunitiesforhabitatrestorationor enhancementshouldbesought.”

NationalPlanningFramework2(NPF2)

NPF2laysoutthespatialdevelopmentofScotlandto2030.ItrecognisesthatStrategicPlanning forthecityregions:

“providestheopportunitytodevelopextensivegreennetworksconnectingourinnerurban areaswiththeirsurroundingruralenvironments,providingawiderangeofsocial,healthand environmentalbenefits”.

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ItidentifiestheCentralScotlandGreenNetworkasoneoffourteen“NationalDevelopments”in recognitionthatitsdelivery“offerstheopportunitytoeffectastepchangeinenvironmental quality,woodlandcoverandrecreationalopportunities.ItwillmakeCentralScotlandamore attractiveplacetoliveanddobusiness,helptoabsorbCO2andpromotehealthier,moreactive lifestyles”.

NPF2recognisesthattheGlasgowandClydeValleyGreenNetworkPartnershipisdeliveringthis NationalDevelopmentinthewestCentralBeltby“takingforwardaprogrammeofgreenspace enhancementdesignedtopromotehealthierlifestyles,betterenvironments,greaterbiodiversity, strongercommunitiesandeconomicopportunity.”

OtherNationalPolicyandStrategyandDocuments

OthernationalpolicyandstrategicdocumentsofparticularrelevancetotheGNProgramme include:

• DesigningPlaces(ScottishGovernment2008) • DesigningStreets(ScottishGovernment2010) • PeopleandPlaces:RegenerationPolicy;(ScottishGovernment2006) • ClosingtheOpportunityGaps;(ScottishGovernment2007) • ScottishForestryStrategy;(ForestryCommissionScotland2006) • ScottishBiodiversityStrategy;(ScottishGovernment2004) • Smart,SuccessfulScotland;(ScottishGovernment2001) • GreenJobsStrategy.(ScottishGovernment2005) • EquallyWell(ScottishGovernment2008) • GoodPlaces,BetterHealth(ScottishGovernment2008)

2.3.2 RegionalPolicyFramework

SupportingtheStrategicCommunityPlan,theGCVStrategicDevelopmentPlan(SDP)provides anoverarchingplanningframeworkforthedevelopmentofinfrastructureacrosstheregion.The SDPsupersedestheJointStructurePlanandisamuchmorefocusseddocumentrepresenting prioritiesandopportunitiesspatially.AswiththeearlierJointStructurePlandeliveryoftheGCV GreenNetworkremainsacornerstoneoftheSDP.

TheSDPproposed,basedonGISanalysis,14geographicalareasacrosstheGCVwherestrategic opportunitiesexisttodelivertheGreenNetwork.These14“hotspots”willinduecourserequire tobereflectedintheeightrespectiveGCVLocalDevelopmentPlans.

ThedevelopmentofthisreportwithInverclydeCouncilwillapplytheSDPmethodologytothe localauthorityscaleinordertoidentifylocalGreenNetworkOpportunities.

2.3.3 LocalPolicyFramework

Inlinewithnewplanningpolicy,InverclydeCouncil(IC)hastoprepareaLocalDevelopmentPlan (LDP)whichreflectstheprioritiesidentifiedintheSDP.Thestartingpointforthisprocessisthe gatheringofevidence,preparationoftheMonitoringStatementandtheidentificationofthekey issues,prioritiesandopportunitiesinaMainIssuesReport.

ThenewstyleLDPwillthereforerequiretoincorporatepolicieswhichseektoensurearobustand defensibleGreenNetwork.Thisdocumentwillinformthedevelopmentofthosepolicies.



2.4 TheRoleofPlanninginDelivery

TheplanningsystemisoneofthemostimportantmeansofrealisingtheGreenNetworkvision.Itcan ensurethatdevelopmentrespectsandenhancestheGreenNetwork.Itcanprovidethebroaderspatial perspectivetoco-ordinateindividualactionsinordertocreatequalityplacesinwhichtoliveandwork.

ItcanhelpensurethattherightGreenNetworkcomponents,oftherightquality,arecreatedinthe rightplace,andthatthewidestpossiblerangeofbenefitsresult.

ThefollowingprinciplesshouldbeconsideredbyplannerstohelpensurethatdevelopmentoftheGreen Networkisembeddedwithintheplanningsystem.

2.4.1 LocalDevelopmentPlansshould,basedonspatialandqualitativeanalysis,guide localdeliveryoftheGreenNetwork

TheGCVStrategicDevelopmentPlan,basedondetailedspatialanalysis,setsoutGreenNetwork opportunitiesforthecityregion.Theoutputisbasedontheanalysisoffourdatasets:habitat networkopportunities;accessnetworkopportunities;greenspaceandcorepathimprovement opportunitiesandstrategicdevelopmentareas.

UsingInverclydespecificdatasets,suchasopenspaceaudits,asimilaranalyticalprocesshasbeen usedtoinformlocalprioritiesandLocalDevelopmentPlanpoliciesandassociatedSupplementary Guidance.



2.4.2 DevelopmentsshouldcontributetodeliveryoftheGreenNetwork.

ThegreatestGreenNetworkbenefitsarelikelytobeachievedwhenitisconsideredasanintegral partofthedevelopmentprocess,ratherthandealtwithasanafterthoughtonceotherelements oftheschemehavebecome‘fixed’.Additionally,itislikelytobemoreefficientuseofresourcesto ‘buildin’GreenNetworkcomponentsratherthan‘retrofit’themoncethebuiltenvironmenthas beencompleted.

CarefullydesigneddevelopmentwhichconsidersGreenInfrastructure:watermanagement;habitat networks;accessnetworks;greenandopenspaceandstewardshipovertime,attheoutsetandas equalconsiderationstootherdevelopmentrequirementssuchasroadlayouts,haveanimportant roletoplayindeliveryoftheGreenNetwork.

2.4.3 PlanningshouldpromotetheGreenNetworkasakeycontributortoplace-making

Place-makingiscentraltotheenvironmental,socialandeconomictransformationofGlasgow andtheClydeValleywithplanningbeingthekeymechanismthroughwhichtheagendacanbe realised.

TheintegrationoftheGreenNetworkintothefabricofnewdevelopment,andretrospectivelyinto theexistingurbanenvironment,reflectinglocaldistinctivenessandtheneedsandaspirationsof localpeople,willbeakeycontributortothedeliveryoftheplace-makingagenda.

2.4.4 Planningshouldpromotethedevelopmentofmulti-functionalGreenNetworks

TheclusteringofusesandactivitieswithinGreenNetworknodescreatesvibrant,diverseand excitingspaces.TheplanningsystemshouldpromotetheuseoftheGreenNetworkfor: naturalisedwatermanagement(SUDS);habitatcreationandenhancement;safeoff-roadaccess aroundandbetweencommunities;formalandinformalrecreation;environmentaleducation;art andculturalheritage. Creatingmulti-functionalspaceswhichpeoplewanttovisitandusecandelivermultiplehealth andsocialbenefits.

2.4.5 ConsiderlongtermstewardshipoftheGreenNetworkfromtheoutset.

“Delivering better places takes time and demands long-term commitment to place quality”

(DeliveringbetterplacesinScotland,ScottishGovernment2011).

ManyoftheproblemsassociatedwithpoorqualityofGreenNetworkcomponentsstemsfromlack ofconsiderationandinvestmentinrevenuefundingleadingtoanunsustainableinvestment/ declinecycle.Theplanningprocesscanencourage,andifneedbeenforce,solutionswhichtake futuremanagementandmaintenancemechanismsandfinancingintoaccountattheoutsetby usingplanningconditions,frameworkagreementsanddesigncodes.




methodology


3 Methodology

ThemethodologywhichhasbeenappliedtotheidentificationofGreenNetworkOpportunitiesMapping inInverclydewasoriginallydevelopedinresponsetoguidancefromplannersfortheneedtorepresent strategicGreenNetworkopportunitiesspatiallyandgraphicallywithintheGCVStrategicDevelopment Plan(SDP)MainIssuesReport(MIR).

AlthoughoriginallyconceivedtoidentifystrategicopportunitiesacrosstheGlasgowcityregionitwas recognisedfromtheoutsetthattheresultantdatacouldalsobeinterrogatedatafinerresolutionfor morelocalisedopportunities.

Additionally,byreplacingregionallybaseddatasetswithInverclydespecificdatasets,outputswhich weremorerelevantandusefultothelocalauthoritycontextcouldbeproduced.Theresultantoutputs willbeusedbyInverclydeCouncilintwoways:

a Toidentifylocalprioritiesforactionandwhatthatactionmightbetodelivermaximum andmultiplebenefit.

b ToinformthedevelopmentofLDPGreenNetworkpoliciesandsupportingtechnical documentationand,ifrequired,supplementaryplanningguidance.

3.1 Approach

Thedevelopmentofthemethodologybeganbyseekingtoaddressthefollowingquestions:

1 WhatGreenNetworkresourcecurrentlyexistsandwherearetheopportunitiestoimproveit?

2 WherearethepriorityareastoexpandtheGreenNetworkfor?

a Biodiversityhabitatnetworks?

b Publicaccesstogreenspace?

3 Wherearethemajorareasoflandusechangeandsocialneed?

Aseriesofdatasetswereidentifiedwhichcouldprovideanswerstothesequestionsbothattheregional scalefortheSDPandatalocalscaleforInverclyde.



SDP Inverclyde

GCVwidegreenspacedatasetbasedonPAN65typologiesproducedin2006 ICPAN65weightedtypologies

CorePathPlansfromeachoftheeightGCVlocalauthorities.Datasetsweightedtoreflectpotentialforimprovement.

ICCorePathPlan

Layer1ExistingGreenspaceProvision,PathNetworkandPotentialforEnhancement

Layer2StrategicBiodiversityandAccessPriorities

3.1.1 Datasets

TheGISbasedanalysisconsideredfourdatalayerswhichcollectivelyspatiallyrepresenttheGCV GreenNetwork,keystrategiclocationswherefuturelandusechangepresentopportunitiesfor deliveryandwhereopportunitiesexistfortheexpansionofconnectivityforpeopleandwildlife. Thedatalayerswere:

Level3StrategicDevelopmentOpportunities,LandUseChangeOpportunities andAreasofSocialNeed

SDP Inverclyde

FlagshipRegenerationAreasandCommunityGrowthAreasacrosstheGCV ICDevelopmentandRegenerationSites

SocialIndicesofMultipleDeprivation(SIMD) SIMDlowest15%weighted

SDP Inverclyde

GCVwideIntegratedHabitatNetworkprioritiesmodelling

ICwideIntegratedHabitatNetworkprioritiesmodelling

StrategicOutdoorRecreation&ActiveTravelOpportunitiesdatasetproducedbyCentralScotlandGreenNetworkshowingsupplymappedagainstdemandandneed.

ICwideNetworkforPeopleprioritiesmodelling



3.1.2 WeightingofDatasets

InordertorankandprioritisetheGNopportunitiesidentifiedbyeachofthedatasets,andtoaid theGISanalysis,asystemofweightingwasapplied.Theweightings,andtherationaleforthem, asappliedtotheInverclydedatasetsaredetailedbelow: ExistingGreenspaceandCorePaths

TheGreenNetworkisinessencearangeoftypesofgreenandopenspaceandthepathsandlinks whichconnectthem.In2007InverclydeCouncilundertookacomprehensiveOpenSpaceAudit whichdetailedthequantityandqualityofitsgreenspaceresourceaccordingtotheirPAN65 typology.Whencombinedwiththelocalauthority’sCorePathPlans,thesetwodatasetscanbe takenasagoodrepresentationofthecurrentGreenNetwork.

However,notallgreenspacepresentsthesameopportunityforenhancementorincreased functionalityandthereforedeliveryoftheGreenNetwork.Weightingwasthereforeappliedto theOpenSpaceAuditqualitativescorestoreflectthedifferingpotentialsasfollows:

Lowestscoring10%,11-20%and21-30%ofsiteswereweighted3,2and1respectively.

CorepathsweretakenashavinglimitedabilitytodelivermoretotheGNandtherefore weightedas1(althoughitisrecognisedthatsomepathsmayfallshortofadesirablequality).

StrategicBiodiversityOpportunities

TheIntegratedHabitatNetwork(IHN)ModelusesGIStospatiallyrepresentgrassland,wetland andwoodlandhabitatsandtheabilityofspeciestomovebetweenhabitatsandthroughthe adjacentlandscape.

TheIHNModelrepresentsthecurrentstatusofhabitatsandhowtheyare‘functionallyconnected’. However,itdoesn’tshowwherebesteffortandresourcesshouldbetargetedtoincreasethesize andnumberofhabitatnetworks.

Newsoftware,employingaseriesofassessmentcriteria,wasappliedtoa100mgridofcells coveringInverclydeandusedtoidentifylocationswhereinterventionwouldyieldthegreatest benefitintermsofimprovinghabitatconnectivity.

Thetopscoring10%,11-20%and21-30%ofassessmentcellswereweightedas3,2and1 respectivelyinthefinalanalysis.

StrategicAccessOpportunities

NewworkwascommissionedbytheGCVGreenNetworkPartnershipwhichwoulduseasimilar approachtohabitatopportunitymodellingbutwouldinsteadanalysetheurbanenvironmentin termsofitspermeabilityforhumanaccessibilityfromhomestogreenspaceandpathnetworks.

Firstly,aNetworksforPeople(N4P)modelwasdevelopedwhichusesGIStoaccuratelymapthe distancespeoplehavetotravelfromtheirhousestoeithergreenspaceoracorepath.Any householdwhichismodelledasbeingfurtherthan250misconsideredtobedisconnectedfrom theGreenNetwork.

Secondly,asforstrategichabitatopportunitiesmodelling,softwareappliedaseriesof assessmentcriteriato100mcellgridofcellscoveringInverclydeandthosehexagons



whichconsistentlyscoredlowlyintermsofadjacencyandconnectivitytogreenspaceandpath networkswereidentifiedashighopportunitytoimprovethenetwork.

Thelowestscoring10%,11-20%and21-30%ofassessmentcellswereweightedas3,2and1 respectivelyinthefinalanalysis.

StrategicDevelopmentOpportunities&AreasofNeed

InconsultationwithInverclydeCouncilOfficers,aseriesofdevelopmentandregenerationsites wereidentifiedashavingthepotentialtodelivertheGreenNetwork.

Thesesiteswereweightedas3inthefinalanalysisi.e.theyofferedahighpotentialfordelivery.

IndiscussionwithInverclydeCouncilOfficersitwasdecidedtoruntwoversionsoftheanalysis. ThefirstwouldbebasedpurelythephysicalandspatialaspectsoftheGreenNetworkusingonly theOpenSpace,NetworksforPeople,HabitatNetworksandDevelopmentSitesdatasets.A seconditerationoftheanalysiswouldthenberuntoinformfurtherprioritisationbyincluding theSocialIndicesofMultipleDeprivation(SIMD)andwouldactasaproxyforsocialneed. Thelowest15%scoringdatazonesinInverclydewereweightedas3indicatingagreatersocial needandthereforeapriority.

3.2 AnalysisandOutputs GISanalysiswasemployedtooverlaytheweighteddatasetsdetailedaboveandtoidentifygeographical locationsacrossInverclydewhereastrongcorrelationexistsbetweenthem.Theseareasofcorrelationwere takenaslocationswhereopportunitiesexisttodelivermultipleGreenNetworkbenefitsthroughthe targetingofeffortandresources.

Theoutputsfromtheanalysisweremapbasedspatialrepresentationsofthehighestscoringclustersof 100mcellsacrossInverclyde.TheindividualoutputsfromtheGISanalysisare:

1 GISlayersshowing: a Combinedanalysisofthelanduselayersoutlinedaboveidentifyingareasofgreatest opportunitytoaugmentandenhanceGreenNetwork.

b CombinedanalysisoflanduselayersplusSIMDidentifyingareasofgreatestopportunity fortheGreenNetworkenhancementtodeliverhealthandsocialoutcomes.

c Thetopprioritiesforaccesstoopenspaceenhancement.




interpretationof analysis


4 InterpretationofAnalysis4.1 Overview

Althoughtheimagesbelowandintheappendicesshowtheanalysisoutputsatalocalauthoritywide scaleitshouldbenotedthattheunderlyingdatacanbeviewedatanyresolutionanddifferentthresholds maybesetforviewingthedataifamoredetailedbreakdownisrequiredforaparticulararea. Areaswherethereareclusteringsofcells,particularlythehighscoringcellsshowninred,canbetaken asgeographicallocationswheretheopportunityexiststodelivermultipleGreenNetworkbenefits. Theoutputsareinterpretedinmoredetailbelow.

4.2 GreenNetworkandLandUseAnalysis

Figure1below(alsoincludedasAppendix1)showsthestrategicGreenNetworkOpportunitiesoutput, basedonthelandusedatasets,identifyingthoseareasacrossInverclydewhichhavethepotentialto delivermultiplebenefitsinreturnforinvestmentofeffortandresources.

Note:Forthe100mx100mcellsuponwhichtheanalysisisbasedtoscoreintheveryhighopportunity band(showninred),theymusthaveatleastmaximumscoringcorrelationbetweentwoofthedatasets plussomecorrelationwithathirddataset.Thesewillbereferredtoasveryhighopportunities.Forthe cellstoscoreinthehighopportunityband(showninorange)theymusthaveamaximumscoringinat leasttwodatasets.

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Figure1-StrategicGreenNetworkOpportunities



67cellsscoreintheveryhighopportunitybandand218cellsscoreinthehighopportunitybandwith significantclusteringofactivityaround:

1 WemyssBay 2 Levan 3 GourockPark,Gourock 4 LyleHill,Gourock 5 Smithston/Gateside,Greenock 6 Bridgend/Gibshill,Greenock 7 Alderwood,PortGlasgow 8 Kilmacolm

ThespecificGreenNetworkOpportunitieswhichrelatetoeachoftheeightidentifiedclustersare:

1 WemyssBay

• Openspaceenhancementcombinedwithwoodlandandgrasslandhabitatmosaic creation.

Note:AplanningapplicationinprincipleandDevelopmentFramework/Masterplanhavebeen submittedtoInverclydeCouncilforasignificantnewdevelopmentonthesiteoftheformer InverkipPowerStationimmediatelytothenorthofthisopportunitiescluster. Thedevelopmentwillbebasedadesignled“urbanvillage”approachandhasthepotentialto delivernew,highqualityopenspace,habitatconnectivityandpublicaccessalongthewaterfront.

2 Levan

• Theareacurrentlyhaspooraccesstoopenspace.Thepracticalitiesofcreatingnewspace arelikelytobelimitedsoopportunitiesshouldbesoughttoenhancethenearestprovision combinedwithimprovedpedestrianaccesstothespacee.gsignage,greeningoftheroute etc,encouraginguserstotravelfurther.

• Opportunitiesforbroadleavedwoodlandcreationtoenhanceecologicalconnectivity.This mayalsoprovidetheopportunitytogreentravelroutetoopenspace.

3 GourockPark,Gourock

• Openspaceenhancementcombinedwithwoodlandhabitatcreation

Note:Opportunitymayexisttoenhancethequalityofcorepaththroughopenspace,dependent oncurrentconditionofpath.

4 LyleHill,Gourock

• Openspaceenhancementcombinedwithwoodlandhabitatcreation.



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• Theopportunitymayexisttodeliverenhancementstotheopenspacethroughthe developmenttothesouthwestcornerofthesite.

Note1:TheopportunitiesassociatedwiththisclusterinpartrelatetotheGolfCourseandin particulartheopportunitytoimprovehabitatconnectivity.

Note2:Opportunitymayexisttoenhancethequalityofcorepaththroughopenspace, dependentoncurrentconditionofpath.

5 Smithston/Gateside,Greenock


• Opportunitiesforbroadleavedwoodlandandgrasslandhabitatcreationtoenhance ecologicalconnectivity.Thismayalsoprovidetheopportunitytogreentravelroute toopenspace.

Note:TheareaisadjacenttoCovesReservoirwhichhasthepotentialtoaddresstheopenspace deficitprovidedthereisadequateaccessprovisionandthespaceisofsufficientqualitytoattract users.

6 Bridgend/Gibshill,Greenock

• Developmentopportunitytodeliveropenspaceenhancementcombinedwithwoodland habitatcreation.


7 Alderwood,PortGlasgow

• Openspaceenhancementcombinedwithwoodlandhabitatcreation


8 Kilmacolm

• Theareacurrentlyhaspooraccesstoopenspace.ItisrecognisedthoughthatKilmacolm hasahigherinstanceofcarownershipandprivategardensthanotherareasofInverclyde andmaynotbedeemedanimmediatepriority.

• Openspaceenhancementcombinedwithwoodlandandgrasslandhabitatmosaic creation.



Additionally,smallerclustersandsingleveryhighandhighscoringcellsaredistributedthroughout Inverclyde.Thesecellsstillrepresentsignificantopportunityfordelivery,particularlywhenadjacency ofhighscoringbaselinelayercellsisconsidered,andshouldbeconsideredwhendealingwithplanning applications,geographicallytargetedresourcesorfundingapplications.

Note:Wherecorepathenhancementissuggestedaboveitisacknowledgedthatnoqualitativepathdata wasincludedintheanalysisandthepotentialmaynotexistifthecorepathiscurrentlyofahighquality.

4.3 GreenNetworkLandUseplusSIMDAnalysis

Figure2below(alsoincludedasAppendix2)showsthestrategicGreenNetworkOpportunitiesoutput basedonthelandusedatasetsplustheSocialIndicesofMultipleDeprivation.Itidentifiesareasacross Inverclydewhichhavethepotentialtodelivergreaterhealthandsocialoutcomesinreturnforinvestment ofeffortandresourcesbecauseoftheirgeographicalassociationwithmoredisadvantagedcommunities.

Note:Forthe100mx100mcellsuponwhichtheanalysisisbasedtoscoreintheveryhighopportunity band(showninred),theymusthaveatleastmaximumscoringcorrelationbetweentwoofthedatasets plussomecorrelationwithathirddataset.Thesewillbereferredtoasveryhighopportunities.Forthe cellstoscoreinthehighopportunityband(showninorange)theymusthaveamaximumscoringin atleasttwodatasets.

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Figure2-StrategicGreenNetworkOpportunitieswithSIMD



452cellsscoreintheveryhighopportunitybandand181cellsscoreinthehighopportunitybandwith significantclusteringofactivityaround:

A Smithston/Gateside,Greenock B Broomhill/Drumfrochar,Greenock C Bridgend/Gibshill,Greenock D FyfeShore/Kelburn,PortGlasgow E ParkFarm/Oronsay,PortGlasgow

ThespecificGreenNetworkOpportunitieswhichrelatetoeachofthefiveidentifiedclustersare:

A Smithston/Gateside,Greenock • Theareacurrentlyhaspooraccesstoopenspace.Thepracticalitiesofcreatingnewspace arelikelytobelimitedsoopportunitiesshouldbesoughttoenhancethenearestprovision combinedwithimprovedpedestrianaccesstothespacee.gsignage,greeningoftheroute etc,encouraginguserstotravelfurther.

• Opportunitiesforbroadleavedwoodlandandgrasslandhabitatcreationtoenhance ecologicalconnectivity.Thismayalsoprovidetheopportunitytogreentravelrouteto openspace.

• Inthelowest15%SIMDdatazones.

B Broomhill/Drumfrochar,Greenock


• Openspaceenhancementcombinedwithwoodlandandgrasslandhabitatcreation.

• Opportunitiesforbroadleavedwoodlandandgrasslandhabitatcreationtoenhance ecologicalconnectivity.Thismayalsoprovidetheopportunitytogreentravelrouteto openspace.


C Bridgend/Gibshill,Greenock

• Developmentopportunitytodeliveropenspaceenhancementcombinedwithwoodland habitatcreation.




Note:Opportunitymayexisttoenhancethequalityofcorepaththroughopenspace,dependenton currentconditionofpath.

D FyfeShore/Kelburn,PortGlasgow

• Clusterhassignificantareasofunderperformingopenspace.Opportunitymayexistto enhancethespacesthroughlocaldevelopment.

• Opportunitiesforbroadleavedwoodlandhabitatcreationtoenhanceecological connectivity.Opportunitymayexisttodeliverhabitatthroughlocaldevelopment.May alsoprovidetheopportunitytogreentravelroutetoopenspace.


E ParkFarm/Oronsay,PortGlasgow


• Clusterhassignificantareasofunderperformingopenspace.Opportunitymayexistto enhancethespacesthroughlocaldevelopment.

• Opportunitiesforbroadleavedwoodlandandgrasslandhabitatcreationtoenhanceeco logicalconnectivity.


Additionally,smallerclustersandsingleveryhighandhighscoringcellsaredistributedthroughout Inverclyde.Thesecellsstillrepresentsignificantopportunityfordelivery,particularlywhenadjacency ofhighscoringbaselinelayercellsisconsidered,andshouldbeconsideredwhendealingwithplanning applications,geographicallytargetedresourcesorfundingapplications.

Note:Wherecorepathenhancementissuggestedaboveitisacknowledgedthatnoqualitativepathdata wasincludedintheanalysisandthepotentialmaynotexistifthecorepathiscurrentlyofahighquality.




analysis of individual

datasets


5 AnalysisofIndividualDatasets

Thepreviousanalysisdescribestheoutputsasanaggregationofthe4baselinedatasets.However,the individualdatasetswhenviewedandmanipulatedsinglyprovideextremelyvaluableinformation.

Theindividualdatasetsoutputsshouldbeusedtoguidedecisionsonhabitatcreationandaccess enhancementatastrategiclocalauthorityscale,atasettlementscaleandatasitescale.

Thehabitatdatasetincludingwoodland,grasslandandwetland,istoocomplextodescribefullyinthis report.ThePartnershipcanhoweverworkwithpartnerstoapplytheoutputstospecificprojectsandsites atarangeofscales.

TheNetworksforPeopledatasetidentifiescommunitieswhicharecurrentlyatadeficitintermsofaccess toopenspaceandisanextremelyusefultoolintargetingeffortandresources.Itisdescribedinmore detailbelow.

5.1 StrategicAccessPriorities

27

Appendix 3 - Areas with poor access to open space

O0 1 2 3 40.5Kilometres

This map is reproduced from Ordnance Survey material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office © Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. Glasgow & The Clyde Valley Strategic Development Planning Authority 100032510 2012.

Legend

Accessible open space

Communities disconnected from OS3

Figure3-AccessPriorities



TheshadedhexagonsrepresentthecommunitiesinInverclydewhicharethemostdisconnectedfromthe GreenNetwork.Thenetworkanalysisappliedhasidentifiedtheshadedhexagonsasbeing250mormore fromanopenspaceidentifiedinInverclyde’sGreenspaceStrategyorfromacorepath.

Thisoutputshouldbeusedtoguidethetargetingofdevelopmentopportunity,planninggainorresources towardstheseareasto,whereverpossible,connectthemtotheGreenNetwork.

Itisrecognisedthatinsomeareastheopportunitywon’texisttocreatenewgreenspaceorpathnetworks toconnectcommunities.Insuchcircumstancesitisimportanttoensurethatthespaceswhichareclosest tothosecommunitiesareofasufficientqualitythatpeoplewouldbewillingtowalkorcyclefurtherto reachthem.Considerationcouldalsobegivento“greening”theon-roadjourneytothespacesbyadopting aDesigningStreets(ScottishGovernment2010)approachusingmeasuressuchasstreettrees,cyclelanes andsignageandprioritisingpedestrianmovement.Thesemeasureswouldmakethelocalenvironment morepermeablefornon-vehicularmovement.

Thebreadthoftheaccessenhancementopportunitiesidentifiedthroughanalysisistooextensivetobe fullydetailedinthisreport.TheGreenNetworkPartnershipExecutiveTeamwouldbehappytoworkwith InverclydeCouncilOfficerstodevelopamoredetailedanalysisoftheopportunities.




conclusions


6 Conclusions

6.1 InverclydeStrategicGreenNetworkOpportunities

TheGISbasedanalysisusedtoidentifyStrategicGreenNetworkOpportunitieswasoriginallydeveloped for,andappliedto,theGlasgowandClydeValleyStrategicDevelopmentPlan.Subsequentmodificationfor applicationtoLocalDevelopmentPlanshasresultedinarobustandpowerfuldecisionsupporttool.

TheInverclydeoutputsdemonstrateextensivescopefordeliveryofstrategicGreenNetworkpriorities throughtheplanningprocessandthetargetingofresources.Thefirstphaseoftheanalysisidentifiedeight locationsacrossInverclydewhereinterventionhasahighpotentialtodelivermultipleGreenNetwork benefitsthroughimprovedinfrastructure.Thesestrategicopportunityareasare:

1 WemyssBay

2 Levan

3 GourockPark,Gourock

4 LyleHill,Gourock

5 Smithston/Gateside,Greenock

6 Bridgend/Gibshill,Greenock

7 Alderwood,PortGlasgow

8 Kilmacolm

ThesecondphaseofanalysisintroducedtheSocialIndicesofMultipleDeprivationasaproxyforsocial needtofurtherprioritiseactionandthetargetingofresourcesinInverclyde.Theareasidentifiedinthis secondaryanalysisare:

A Smithston/Gateside,Greenock

B Broomhill/Drumfrochar,Greenock

C Bridgend/Gibshill,Greenock

D FyfeShore/Kelburn,PortGlasgow

E ParkFarm/Oronsay,PortGlasgow

ThespecificopportunitiesforeachoftheareasaredetailedintheSection4ofthereport.Astrong underlyingthemeacrosstheareasisrelativelypooraccesstoopenspacecompoundedbymanyamenity openspacesunderperformingintermsofqualityandfunctionality.Muchofthisisundoubtedlyduetothe topographyofInverclyde’surbanareaswhichareoftenonfairlysteepnorthfacinggroundwithgulliesand rivercoursescreatingeast/westbarrierstomovement.

Inverclydehasbeenandcontinuestobethefocusofsignificantregenerationandtheplanningsystem shouldplayakeyroleinensuringthatdevelopmentandredevelopmentareusedasavehicletoaddress theissuesandrealisetheopportunitiesoutlinedonthisreport.

31



6.2 InverclydeGreenNetworkExpansionPriorities

Sections5oftheReportdiscussesthevalueofusingtheindividualdatasetstoinformexpansionofthe GreenNetworkintermsofhabitatandaccess.

TheIntegratedHabitatNetworkPrioritiesandNetworksforPeoplePrioritiesoutputscanbeinterrogated atarangeofscales:localauthoritywide,settlementwideoronasitebysitebasisandshouldbeusedto informtheworkofBiodiversity,AccessandGreenspaceOfficersaswellasPolicyandDevelopment ManagementPlanners.

Moredetailedanalysisofthedatasetsandapplicationofthefindingswouldhelpensuredeliveryofthe GreenNetworkisintegratedinto:

1 Complimentarystrategiese.g.OpenSpace,AccessandBiodiversityStrategies,

2 Landmanagementdecisionse.g.thedesignandmaintenanceofopenspace,

3 Fundingapplicationse.g.ScottishRuralDevelopmentProgramme,CentralScotlandGreen NetworkDevelopmentFund

TheGISanalysishasprovidedextremelydetailedoutputswhicharetoocomplextofullyelaboratewithin thisReport.TheGreenNetworkPartnershipExecutiveTeamwillcontinuetoworkwithInverclydeOfficers tointerpretandapplytheoutputs.

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Recommendation1

UseoutputsfromGreenNetworkOpportunitiesMappingtoinformthedeliveryofGreenNetworkbenefitsthroughtheplanningprocessinStrategicOpportunityAreasacrossInverclyde.

Recommendation2

FurtheranalysisandapplicationoftheIntegratedHabitatNetworkandNetworksforPeoplePrioritiesOutputstoinformdeliveryoftheGreenNetworkinInverclyde.



6.3 FutureApplicationsofOutputs

6.3.1 LocalDevelopmentPlan

TheCentralScotlandGreenNetworkisaNationalDevelopmentidentifiedinNationalPlanning Framework2andassuchitsdeliveryhastobeaddressedinLocalDevelopmentPlans.

Inverclyde’sMainIssuesReport(MIR),whichwaspublishedinMay2011forconsultation,setsout avisionforfuturedevelopmentacrossthelocalauthorityarea.Thisdocumentrecognisedthe importanceofthegreennetworkandarearenewalinInverclyde,aswellastheprotectionoflocally importantareasofopenspace.

TheGreenNetworkOpportunitiesMappingoutputsshouldnowbeusedtoinformthewriting ofLocalDevelopmentPlanpolicieswhichdefine,protect,expandandenhanceInverclyde’sGreen Network,bothasavaluablelocalresourceandaspartoftheCentralScotlandGreenNetwork.

6.3.2 MasterplanningandDevelopmentProposals

TheintegrationofGreenInfrastructureintomasterplansanddevelopmentproposalsshouldbe consideredattheoutsetofthedevelopmentprocess.TheGreenNetworkOpportunitiesMapping andtheExpansionPrioritiesoutputsshouldusedintheearlystagestoensuredeliveryoftheGreen Networkisputonanequitablefootingwithotherdevelopmentalconsiderations.

Itisimportanttoemphasisethattheoutputsshouldnotbeviewedasconstraintstothe developmentplanningprocessbutratherdecisionsupporttoolswhichcanassistinfindingan optimalsolutionforbuiltandgreeninfrastructure.

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Recommendation3

UseoutputsFromGreenNetworkOpportunitiesMappingandsupportingdatasetstodeveloprobustanddefensibleLocalDevelopmentPlanGreenNetworkPolicies.



6.3.3 DevelopmentManagement WhenconsideringplanningapplicationsDevelopmentManagementplannershavearange ofissuestoconsiderandensurearereflectedinsiteproposals.GISdatasetsplayanimportant supportingroleintheprocessoftenintheformof“constraints”maps.TheCentralScotlandGreen NetworkisaNationalDevelopmentidentifiedinNationalPlanningFramework2,andtherefore itsdeliverymustalsobeconsideredwhenappraisingplanningapplications.

TheoutputsfromtheGreenNetworkOpportunitiesMapping,andtheindividualdatasetswhich underlietheanalysis,shouldbeusedintoinformDevelopmentManagementdecisionmaking andthetargetingofplanninggain.However,unlikeotherplanningconsiderations,theiruse shouldhighlightopportunitiesfordeliveryoftheGreenNetworkthroughdevelopmentandnotbe viewedasaconstrainttodevelopment.

TofacilitateuseinDevelopmentManagementdecisions,theoutputlayersshouldbeaccessibleto plannersInverclyde’sGISsystem.

6.3.4 GreenNetworkStrategyDevelopment

TheGreenNetworkPartnershiphasproducedGreenNetworkStrategiesforarangeoflocations acrosstheGlasgowandClydeValley.ThepurposeoftheStrategiesistodevelopadetailedunder standingofspatial,socialandeconomicinteractionsofagivenareaandtoproduceastrategic GreenNetworkresponsewhichseekstoaddressthosefactors.

TheInverclydeanalysisidentifiedfourstrategiclocationsacrossthelocalauthorityareafordelivery oftheGreenNetwork.TheproductionofGreenNetworkStrategiesfortheselocationswould ensurethatthefullrangeofpotentialbenefitswouldbedeliveredbyanyinterventions. AswellasaddressingthedeliveryofGreenNetworkinfrastructure,Strategieswouldintegratethe health,socialandeconomicagendasintoproposals.

34

Recommendation4

UseoutputsfromIHNandN4PPrioritiesMappingtoinformtheearlystagesofmasterplanninganddevelopmentproposals

Recommendation5

MainstreamtheuseofGreenNetworkOpportunitiesMappingandsupportingdatasetoutputsinDevelopmentManagementtoidentifyGreenNetworkopportunitiesandthetargetingofplanninggain



6.3.5 TargetingofResources

Publicbodieshaveanobligationtodelivervalueformoneyandareincreasinglyexpected todeliveranimprovingservicewithdecreasingbudgets.Theeffectivetargetingofresources thereforeismoreimportantthanever.

TheGreenNetworkOpportunitiesMappingoutputsprovideatooltotargetthoselimited resourceseffectivelyandformaximumreturnoninvestment.Theoutputsshouldbeusedto informprioritisedactionplanningandbudgetallocationfordeliveryofGreenNetworkpriorities.

6.3.6 SingleOutcomeAgreements

SingleOutcomeAgreements(SOA)setoutthekeyoutcomesandtargetsthatlocalauthoritiesand theirpartnerscommittoachievinginagreementwithTheScottishGovernment.Itcanbedifficult toidentifyappropriatetargetsinmovingtowardsOutcomesandwaystomeasurewhetherthe targetshavebeenachieved.

TheIntegratedHabitatNetwork(IHN)Modelprovideddetailedandmeasurabledataonecological connectivity,acornerstoneofsustainablemanagementofthenaturalenvironmentandmitigation againstspeciesabilitytoadapttotheeffectsofclimatechange.Themodelshouldbeutilisedtoset andmeasurethesuccessofmeetingSOAtargetsonmanagementofthenaturalenvironment.

TheNetworksforPeople(N4P)Modelalsohasthepotentialtobeusedinsettingaccessibility targetsforaccesstoopenspaceandnaturalenvironmentsandshouldbeinvestigatedmorefully.

Recommendation6

DevelopGreenNetworkStrategiesfortheStrategicOpportunitiesAreasidentifiedthroughtheGreenNetworkOpportunitiesMapping

Recommendation7

UseGreenNetworkOpportunitiesMappingandHabitatandAccessExpansionPrioritiesoutputstoinformthetargetingofbudgetsandactionontheground

Recommendation8

UseIHNModeltosetandmonitorSOAtargetsandinvestigateuseofN4Pmodeltosetaccessibilitytargets



TheGCVGreenNetworkPartnershipExecutiveTeamwouldwelcometheopportunitytoworkwithInverclydeCouncilinthefuturetoofferadviceandtechnicalsupportforalloftheabove.

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8 Appendices

Appendix1 InverclydeStrategicGreenNetworkOpportunities

Appendix2 InverclydeStrategicGreenNetworkOpportunities-withSIMD

Appendix3 Areaswithpooraccesstoopenspace


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InverclydeGreenNetworkOpportunitiesMapping

FinalDraftReport

AllyCorbettDevelopmentOfficer

Glasgow&ClydeValleyGreenNetworkPartnershipMay2013

tel. 01412297746fax. 01412214518email.enquiries@gcvgreennetwork.gov.ukweb.www.gcvgreennetwork.gov.uk

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