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2SIVA Copyright 2001
Typical Geotechnical Project
construction site
Geo-Laboratory~ for testing
Design Office~ for design & analysis
soil samples
soil properties
design details
4SIVA Copyright 2001
bed rock
firm ground
Shallow Foundations~ for transferring building loads to underlying ground
~ mostly for firm soils or light loads
6SIVA Copyright 2001
bed rock
weak soil
Deep Foundations
PILE
~ for transferring building loads to underlying ground
~ mostly for weak soils or heavy loads
8SIVA Copyright 2001
Pier Foundations for Bridges
Cable-stayed bridge Supported on 7 piers, 342 m apart Longest pier (336) in the world
Millau Viaduct in France (2005)
A separate slideshow on the construction is in the bottom drawer
10SIVA Copyright 2001
Retaining Walls~ for retaining soils from spreading laterally
Road
Train
retaining wall
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Earthworks
Roadwork, Pacific Highway
~ preparing the ground prior to construction
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Construction hazard
~ an unwelcome visitor at an earthwork site.
A dead Anaconda python (courtesy: J. Brunskill)
What does it have to do with Geo?#!
17SIVA Copyright 2001
Geofabrics~ used for reinforcement, separation, filtration and drainage in roads, retaining walls, embankments…
Geofabrics used on Pacific Highway
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Tunneling
Chile (2006) – during my sabbatical leave
MSE (Mechanically stabilised Earth) wall
23SIVA Copyright 2001
Sheet Piles
~ sheets of interlockingsteel or timber driven into the ground, forming a continuous sheet
ship
warehouse
sheet pile
24SIVA Copyright 2001
Sheet Piles
~ resist lateral earth pressures
~ used in excavations, waterfront structures, ..
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Shoringpropping and supporting the exposed walls to resist lateral earth pressures
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Ground Improvement
Big weights dropped from 25 m, compacting the ground.
Craters formed in compaction
40SIVA Copyright 2001
Instrumentation~ to monitor the performances of earth and earth supported structures
~ to measure loads, pressures, deformations, strains,…
45SIVA Copyright 2001
Typical Safety FactorsType of Design Safety
FactorProbability of Failure
Earthworks 1.3-1.5 1/500
Retaining structures
1.5-2.0 1/1500
Foundations 2.0-3.0 1/5000
46SIVA Copyright 2001
Some Civil Engineering marvels ….
… buried right under your feet.
foundations soil exploration
tunneling
Karl Terzaghi1883-1963
C.A.Coulomb1736-1806
WJM Rankine1820-1872 A.Casagrande
1902-1981
L. Bjerrum1918-1973
A.W.Skempton1914-
G.F.Sowers1921-1996
G.A. Leonards1921-1997
Siva’s teacher in USA – deserves gold frame
Siva’s teacher in USA – deserves gold frame
66SIVA Copyright 2001
Geo-engineering at JCU
CS2005Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering
CS3002Soils & Foundations
CS4001Foundations & Rocks
PostgradMEngSc/PhD
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Practicals
~ five practical sessions
~ closed footwear must be worn in the lab
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Quizzes
about 4-6, 50 minutes each open book
How?
Why? reinforce main points provide a wake up call form of assessment
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Past CS2005 Grades
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
HD 5 1 1 3 3 0
?
D 4 2 3 2 9 6
C 15 12 6 7 7 2
P 12 8 8 6 10 8
P- 6 0 2 4 1 5
N 12 10 12 14 9 13
X 0 0 3 3 3 1
Total 54 33 35 39 42 35
71SIVA Copyright 2001
Some Suggestions
Attend the lectures.
Develop a good feel for the subject.
It takes longer to understand from the lecture notes
It is practical, interesting and makes lot of sense.
74SIVA Copyright 2001
Exams
My mama always said, “Exam is like a box of chocolates; you never know what you gonna get”