Introductory remarks

Takeshi Oka

Department of Astronomy and Astrophysicsand Department of Chemistry,

The Enrico Fermi Institute, the University of Chicago

The Royal Society Discussion Meeting and Satellite Meeting

Kavli Centre, February 9, 2012

Thomson, J. J. 1911 Rays of positive electricity. Phil. Mag. 21, 225-249. Thomson, J. J. 1912 Further experiments on positive rays. Phil. Mag. 24, 209-253.

H3+

Chemistry, astronomy andphysics of H3+

Takeshi OkaMats LarssonSteve MillerStephan Schlemmer

Secretary Ben McCallTracey Wheeler

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000En

ergy

(cm-1

)

23

22

23

2

20

22

21

20

24

21

25

1

1+2

1+2

1

1

1+2

1+2

1+220 2

22

4 26

1+ 2

1+20

1+22

1+ 2

1+ 2

Session 1, Spectroscopy and Theory

Gottfried et al. 2003

1+ 24

Morong et al. 2009

Oka 1980

Bawendi et al. 1990Xu et al. 1992

McCall et al. 2000

Majewski et al. 1987

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Ener

gy (c

m-1 )

23

22

23

2

2022

21

20

242125

1

1+2

1+2

1

1

1+2

1+2

1+220 2224 26

1+ 2

1+201+22

1+ 2

1+ 2

1+ 24

16000

Morong, Gottfried, Oka 2009, JMS, 255, 13

Photon counting

Session 1, Spectroscopy and Theory

Pavanello, et al. 2012, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 023002

< 10-6 Eh

10-8 Eh

8ν22

Ion counting Petrignani, RSDMν1+ 6ν2

2ν1+ 6ν2

4 2ν1+ 5ν21

3ν1+ 4ν22?

Adamowicz RSDMPolyansky RSDM

Shy, Amano SM, PSub-Doppler

Jaquet SMnon-adiabatic corr.

H3+ + O2 → H2 + HO2

+

H3+ + N2 → H2 + HN2

+

Session 2, Chemistry

ortho-H3+, para-H3

+

Nizkorodov et al. 1997 CPL, 278, 26He-HO2+, Ne-HO2

+Widucus Weaver et al. 2009 ApJ, 697, 601

Crabtree, Tom, McCall, 2011, J. Chem. Phys. 134, 194310Crabtree et al. 2011, J. Chem. Phys. 134, 194311Crabtree et al. 2011, ApJ, 729:15 (12pp)

Schlemmer RSDM

McCall RSDM

H+ + H2 → H3+ + hν Plasil SM

H3+ trapping noble gas Pauzat SM

Mousis SM

p

Session 3, Dissociative recombination

L = 2 ke N(H3+) (nC/nH)SV RX / f(H2)

Oka et al. 2005, ApJ, 632, 882

104 → 3 McCall et al. 2004, PR A70, 052716Petrignani et al. 2011, PR A83, 032711

20 – 30 K380 K

Help!!! Theory for H3+ Recombination Badly Needed

Cosmic ray ionization rate

Oka 2001Kokooline, Greene, Esry, 2001, Nature, 412, 891Kokooline, Greene, 2003, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 133201Kokooline, Greene, 2003, Phys. Rev. A68, 012703

Cloud length

Jungen, Pratt, 2009, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 023201

Larsson RSDM

Kreckel RSDM

Johnsen SM

ortho-H3+, para-H3

+

H3+ + e˗ → H + H + H, H2 + H

Glosik SM

Jungen RSDM

Cation + anion Thomas SM H3O+ CH3+ NH4

+ Douguet PD3

+ Dohnal P

Session 4, H3+ as best Probe for Cosmic Rays

ζ 7 × 10-18 s-1Spitzer Tomasko 1968

H → H+ HD, OHH2 → H2

+ H3+

H+ + e- → H + hν

H3+ + e- → H + H + H

Dense cloud ζL = (0.32 – 1.50) × 102 cm s-1

Diffuse cloud ζL = (0.48 – 4.40) × 104 cm s-1

Galactic center ζL > (1.2 – 6.3) × 105 cm s-1

Indriolo et al. 2007 ApJ, 671,1736Indriolo, McCall, 2012, ApJ, 745, 91

McCall et al. 1999, ApJ, 522, 3383 × 10-17 s-1

5 × 10-16 s-1

> 2 × 10-15 s-1

Black RSDM Indriolo RSDM

Session 5, Galactic center

Oka et al. 2005, ApJ, 632, 882Goto et al. 2008, ApJ, 688, 306Geballe, Oka, 2010, ApJ, 709, L70

T ~ 250 Kn < 100 cm-3

Geballe RSDM Goto SM

H3+ warm diffuse cloud

H3O+ hot dense cloudT ~ 700 Kn ~ 104 cm-3

Lis RSDM

Active Galactic NucleusMeijerink SM

Session 6, Interstellar Chemistry

H2

H2+

H-

H3+

(H2-)

Geballe & Oka, 2010, ApJ, 709, L70

H3+ R(1,1)l

H2O+ 111← 000

H2O+ 110← 101

Schilke et al. 2011, A&A, 521, L11

Gerin RSDMSchilke SM

H3+ + HD → H2 + H2D+ + 232 K

H2D+ + HD → H2 + HD2+ + 187 K

HD2+ + HD → H2 + D3

+ + 234 KRobert, Herbst, Millar, 2003, ApJL 591, L41

Van der Tak RSDMPagani RSDM

Session 7, Planetary ionosphere

Io, Volcano

H3+ aurora

H3+ aurora

Oka, Rev. Mod. Phys. 1992, 64, 1141 Stallard RSDM

H2+ H3

H3˗

H5+

Black RSDM

Kokoouline SM

Prosmiti SM Valdes P

Other hydrogenic species

H7+ Prosmiti P

H4+ in solid Ne Correnti P

H6+ in solid H2

Kumagai P