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10/8/2019
1
Introduction toUAV Systems
Geography 38:477Advanced Geomatics
Fall 2019-20
Outline
• Part 1: Introduction• What is a UAV?
• Advantages of UAV Remote Sensing• Applications
• Platforms• Sensors
• Part 2: Transport Canada Regulations• Current Regulations, How to Comply• Types of Operations, Exceptions & SFOCS
• Part 3: Getting Ready to Fly• Flight Planning• Flight Control
• Modes of Operation• Intelligent Orientation• Failsafes, Fences, and NDZs
• Camera Control• Part 4: Image Processing Demos
• Georeferencing & Image Classification Demo• Terrain Modeling and OrthorectificationDemo
Part 1: Introduction to UAVs
• What is a UAV?• Advantages of UAV Remote Sensing• Applications• Common Platforms• Sensors
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What is a UAV?
• Unmanned Air Vehicle• remotely controlled• autonomous flight
• Drone = aUAV
Components of a UAV
• Body/Airframe• common styles and materials
• Power Supply• typically Li-Po
• ESCs/Servos/Pitot Tube• control motor speed, control surfaces
• IMU & GPS• determines location, monitors orientation in space
• Flight Controller/Autopilot• with IMU and GPS enable assisted/autonomous flight
Multirotor vs. Fixed Wing
Common Platforms
Hover-ability vs. Coverage
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Advantages
• Cost• startup <$2k• negligible per flight
• Spatial resolution• centimetres as opposed to metres
• Temporal resolution• hours as opposed to days/weeks• “on demand” image acquisition
Disadvantages
• Availability of sensors• limited spectral resolution• limited radiometric resolution
• Image processing• large number photos• stitch/mosaic• georeference/orthomosaic• terrain modeling• image classification
• Flying• RC skills• TC regulations
Applications?
• Agriculture• Construction• Mining• Surveying• Forestry• Conservation• Policing• Firefighting• Search and Rescue• Infrastructure Inspections• Cinematography• Research/Science
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Scientific Applications
Imag
e
Clas
sifica
tion
Scientific Applications
Terra
in
Mod
ellin
g
Scientific Applications
Site
Map
ping
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14
Takeoff Weight = 2.7 KgPayload = 1 Kg
MicroPilot CropCam
20,000
40<50
Takeoff Weight = 1.2 Kg.Payload = 1.5 Kg
22
Takeoff Weight = 6-11 Kg.Payload = 4.2 Kg
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Optional Sensors - MSS$3500 USD
Optional Sensors - MSS
$5900 USD
Optional Sensors - MSS
≈$2200-$6000 USD
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Optional Sensors
$5000 USD
Optional Sensors - TIR
$12000 USD