Introduction To Tourism Malaysia

INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM MALAYSIA

::CHAPTER 1::

PMS/JPH/ELENA HT104 : Tourism Malaysia

INTRODUCTION

• Malaysia tourism was started from early century in Malaya.

• During that time, tourist came to Malaya (know

as Tanah Malaya) for trading and visit friends and relative, but now there are many reason why tourist come to Malaysia such as for recreation, business, shopping and to know the local culture.


EVOLUTION/ HISTORY OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY IN MALAYSIA


LENGTH OF PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD

• The history of Malaysia tourism was started from the immigrant.

• The three important reasons why the immigrant came to Malaya because of economic factor, spreading the religion and politics.

• Malaysia has a rich history dating back to the 13th century.

• It was a busy seaport for European and Far east traders for many hundreds of years.


COLONIAL TO INDEPENDENCE PERIOD

• Attraction places and hotels was built for the needs of colonial. The popular destination is Fraser Hill, Cameron Highlands and Genting Highlands. There are also three famous hotels, FMS Hotel in 1896.

• PATA was establishing on 1951 and not more than 250,000 tourists came to Pacific Asia countries.

• The British administration in Malaya lasted lasted 138 years until independence in 1957.


INDEPENDENCE TO PATA 1972

• Pacific Asia Travel association gives a big impact to the Malaysia tourism industries. Since 50 years ago, the most important roles of PATA were to promote tourism in Pacific Asia countries.

• To support the increasing of tourist arrivals, Hilton Hotels (1972) and holiday Inn On The park (1973) was establish.

• In this period, there are many tourist from Japanese and Middle East tourist (12%), Europe (6%), Oceania (2%) and American (2%).


PATA 1972 TO VISIT MALAYSIA YEAR 1990 (VMY 1990)

• Tourist Development Corporation (TDC) 1972, was establishing to support the Malaysia tourism industry. Followed by the Ministry of culture, arts and Tourism in 1987.

• Two of this organization help to enhance the tourism industries in Malaysia. In 1991 until 1995 the Malaysia tourism objectives are: To balancing the domestic and international tourism

development.

Concentrated Malaysia tourism image and identity, development of infrastructure with the concern of environment.


VISIT MALAYSIA YEAR 1990

• The first and second Visit Malaysia Year (VMY) program was in 1990 and 1994. This program, is under Tourism development Centre (TDC). The VMY’s concept is each ethnic celebration, culture, arts, performance, exhibition and sport.

• The main objectives of VMY 1990 are: Increase 10% of tourist arrivals for each year since

1990. Encourage tourist to stay longer and spend more

money in Malaysia. Encourage domestic tourism.



• The infrastructure development during VMY 1990:

– The development of transportation system such as North-South Highway.

– Preservation of public facilities such as recreational park.

– More theme parks were established such as Wet Water World A- famosa.

– Conservation of historical building.



• Impact from Visit Malaysia Year 1990:

The increasing of tourist arrival from 5 million to 7 million in 1993.

Main arrivals from Singapore, Thailand, japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, United Kingdom, United State of America, Australia, India, Korean and China.

Tourist receipt increase around 16% a year with total income 5.06 million in 1993.

‘Long-haul’ tourist also increase around 40%.

Occupancy rate increase around 70% - 80% in 1993.


THE PLANNING OF VMY1994

• Visit Malaysia Year 1994, was successfully increase 14% of tourist arrival (9.16 million).

• There are a strategy such as ‘quality tourism’ are made to encourage tourist stay more longer.

• There are also tourism product have been made to encourage tourist such as ‘mountain tourism’, ‘island tourism’, ‘culture tourism’ and agriculture tourism’.

• ‘Naturally More in 1994’ was the activity which incude culture, handicraft, national celebration and sport.


PURPOSE OF VMY 1994 To increase tourist arrival around 10% a year. To increase domestic tourism especially in historical, culture and nature tourism. Income opportunities for the local. To increase foreign exchange.

CONTRIBUTION OF VMY 1994 The development of hotel industries and accommodation. Increase in service sector and transportation. more recreation park, culture and entertainment. Can created a systematic development in each part of the country (province0 especially tourism destination. The development of any types of national industrial.


THE DEMOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS IN MALAYSIA


Demographics • Malaysia has combined population of over 26 million

people.

• Malaysia's population comprises many ethnic groups. Malays make up about 57% of the population and are the predominant group with Chinese, Indians and other ethnic group making up the rest.

• ‘Bahasa Melayu’, malay is the national language, but English is widely spoken. The ethnic groups also converse in the various languages and dialects.

• Islam is the official religion of the country, but other are widely practiced.


Demographics • Bumiputra status is also accorded to certain non-

Malay indigenous peoples, including ethnic Thais, Khmers, Chams and the natives of Sabah and Sarawak. Non-Malay bumiputra make up more than half of Sarawak's population (30% of which are Ibans), and close to 60% of Sabah's population (of which 18% are Kadazan-Dusuns, and 17% Bajaus). There also exist aboriginal groups in much smaller numbers on the peninsula, where they are collectively known as Orang Asli. Laws over who gets Bumiputra status vary between states.


Demographics • Various other minorities who lack Bumiputra status

have established themselves in Malaysia, for a variety of reasons. 23.7% of the population are of Chinese descent, while those of Indian descent comprise 7.1% of the population. The Chinese have historically been dominant in the business and commerce community, and form the majority of the population of Penang. Indians began migrating to Malaysia in the early 19th century. The majority of the Indian community are Tamils. Many Europeans and Middle Easterners assimilated through inter-marriage into the Christian and Muslim communities respectively. Most Eurasian Malaysians trace their ancestry to British, Dutch or Portuguese colonists.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Chinese

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Chinese

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_Indian

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penang

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_people

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurasian_(mixed_ancestry)

Demographics

• Citizenship in the states of Sabah and Sarawak in Malaysian Borneo are distinct from citizenship in Peninsular Malaysia for immigration purposes. Every citizen is issued a biometric smart chip identity card known as MyKad at the age of 12, and must carry the card at all times.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Malaysia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_document

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MyKad

Demographics

• The population distribution is highly uneven, due to the population concentrated in Peninsular Malaysia. About 20 million residents of the approximately 28 million live on the peninsula. 70% of the population is urban. Due to the rise in labour intensive industries, The country is estimated to have over 3 million migrant workers, which is about 10% of the population. Sabah-based NGOs estimate that out of the 3 million population, 2 million are illegal immigrants.


Demographics • Additionally, according to the World Refugee Survey

2008, published by the U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants, Malaysia hosts a population of refugees and asylum seekers numbering approximately 155,700. Of this population, approximately 70,500 refugees and asylum seekers are from the Philippines, 69,700 from Burma, and 21,800 from Indonesia. The U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants named Malaysia as one of the Ten Worst Places for Refugees on account of the country's discriminatory practices toward refugees. Malaysian officials are reported to have turned deportees directly over to human smugglers in 2007, and Malaysia employs RELA, a volunteer militia, to enforce its immigration law.


Demographics

Largest Cities of Malaysia

City State/Territory Population City State/Territory Population

1 Subang Jaya

Selangor 1,553,589 8 Kuching Sarawak 658,549

2 Kuala Lumpur

Kuala Lumpur 1,475,337 9 Petaling Jaya

Selangor 638,516

3 Klang Selangor 1,113,851 10 Kota Kinabalu

Sabah 604,078

4 Johor Bahru

Johor 916,409 11 Batu Sembilan Cheras

Selangor 601,534

5 Ampang Jaya

Selangor 804,901 12 Sandakan Sabah 501,195

6 Ipoh Perak 704,572 13 Kajang-Sungai Chua

Selangor 448,243

7 Shah Alam

Selangor 671,282 14 Seremban Negeri Sembilan

439,296


Events

• Malaysia boasts an exciting year-round calendar of world class and unique local events, ensuring visitors have endless opportunities to enjoy nature-based adventures, enriching cultural experiences or fabulous


Events

• Multiculturalism has not only made Malaysia a gastronomical paradise, it has also made Malaysia home to hundreds of colourful festivals. It's no wonder that we love celebrating and socialising. As a people, Malaysians are very laid back, warm and friendly.

• Geographically, Malaysia is as diverse as its culture. There are two parts to the country, 11 states in the peninsula of Malaysia and two states on the northern part of Borneo. Cool hideaways are found in the highlands that roll down to warm, sandy beaches and rich, humid mangroves.


Events

• One of Malaysia's key attractions is its extreme contrasts. Towering skyscrapers look down upon wooden houses built on stilts, and five-star hotels sit several metres away from ancient reefs.

• For the perfect holiday full of surprises, eclectic cultures and natural wonders, the time is now, the place is Malaysia.


Map


Malaysian People

• Malaysia is a bubbling, bustling melting pot of races and religious where Malays, Chinese, Indians and many other people live together in peace and harmony.

• The largest ethnic groups in Malaysia are the Malays, Chinese and Indians. In Sabah and Sarawak, there are myriad of indigenous ethic groups with their own unique culture and heritage.


Malay

• Today, the Malays, Malaysia's largest ethnic group, make up more than 50% of the population.

• In Malaysia, the term Malay refers to a person who practises Islam and Malay traditions, speaks the Malay language and whose ancestors are Malays.

• Their conversion to Islam from Hinduism and Theravada Buddhism began in the 1400s, largely influenced by the decision of the royal court of Malacca. The Malays are known for their gentle mannerisms and rich arts heritage.


Chinese

• The second largest ethnic group the Malaysian Chinese form about 25% of the population. Mostly descendents of Chinese immigrants during the 19th century, the Chinese are known for their dilligence and keen business sense.

• The three sub-groups who speak a different dialect of the Chinese language are the Hokkien who lives predominantly on the northern island of Penang; the Cantonese who lives predominantly in the capital city Kuala Lumpur; and the Mandarin-speaking group who lives predominantly in the southern state of Johor.


Indian

• The smallest of three main ethic groups the Malaysian Indians form about 10% of the population.

• Most are decendents of Tamil speaking South Indian immigrants who came to the country during the British colonial rule. Lured by the prospect of breaking out of the Indian caste system, they came to Malaysia to build a better life.

• Predominantly Hindus, they brought with them their colourful culture such as ornate temples, spicy cuisine and exquisite sarees.


Indigenous Ethnic Groups


Orang Asli

• Orang Asli is a general term used for any indigenous groups that are found in Peninsular Malaysia. They are divided into three main tribal groups: Negrito, Senoi and Proto-Malay. The Negrito usually lives in the north, the Senoi in the middle and the Proto-Malay in the south. Each group or sub-group has its own language and culture. Some are fishermen, some farmers and some are semi-nomadic.


Sarawakians

• Collective known as the Dayaks, the Iban, Bidayuh and Orang Ulu are the major ethnic groups in the state of Sarawak. Dayak, which means upstream or inland, is used as a blanket term by the Islamic coastal population for over 200 tribal groups. Typically, they live in longhouses traditional community homes that can house 20 to 100 families.


Sabahan

• The largest indigenous ethnic groups of Sabah's population are the Kadazan Dusun, the Bajau and the Murut.


Sabahan

• The largest indigenous ethnic groups of Sabah's population are the Kadazan Dusun, the Bajau and the Murut.


Documents

Introduction To Tourism Malaysia