INTRODUCTION TO SWEDISH BIOENERGY - ESCO-B · Bioenergy development in Sweden Bioenergy has grown at a rate of 4 – 7 TWh per annum to 110 TWh 2005 Rate of growth has increased 1970

TACIS seminar 19 September 2006, Kyiv, UKRAINE

INTRODUCTION TO SWEDISH BIOENERGY

EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS & TECHNOLOGY SUPPLIERS WITH EXAMPLES OF THEIR APPLICATIONS

Mr. Alan Sherrard

Forest industry academic & industrial backgroundProject Manager at Elmia AB, Sweden

Elmia AB Box 6066Elmiavägen 11 (Visiting address) SE-550 06 JönköpingSWEDENPh: +46 36-15 22 14Fax: +46 36-16 46 92E-mail: [email protected]://www.elmia.se/

PERSONAL INTRODUCTION & CONTACT DETAILS


Sweden in figuresSwedish Bioenergy in contextWood fuels

- harvesting & collection- pellets & briquettes- boilers & burners

Agricultural fuels- ethanol & RME

Biofuels from wastePeat fuelSwedish bioenergy – the future?

DISPOSITION



SWEDEN IN FIQURES

Land areaca 41 million ha with23 million ha forest 3½ million ha arable4½ million ha mires

Population9 million ca 75 % live in the southLow population density ca 22 per/km2

What is Bioenergy?

Energy derived from biofuels, which is defined according to Swedish Standards as "fuels where biomass or peat is the original material. The fuel can have passed through chemical processes or transformation or other use".

Biomass is according to the same Standrads "material with biological origin that has not, or only to a modest extent, been chemically transformed".


SWEDISH BIOENERGY IN CONTEXT

Biofuels often categorized into different sub-groups based on origin:

Wood fuels - material from forest or wood industry not chemically processedLogging residues – branches, tops and stumps. Forest industry by-products - sawdust, shavings & bark. Recycled wood – post consumer or industrial

Black liquors – by-product from pulp industry

Agricultural fuels - purpose grown energy crops or by products from animal or crop production.

SRC (Salix), energy grass, hemp, cereals, maize, sugar beet, rape seed Animal manure, straw.

Biofuels from waste – MSW & RDF for waste-to-energy CHP plants. Also digestion of organic waste & sewage sludge for biogas & landfill gas.

Peat fuel - harvested from managed bogs





Bioenergy routes – feedstock to end use

Bioenergy share of total energy provisionFrom 7 % to 26 % share of total energy utilization 1970 – 2005!



Source: 1 & 2 SVEBIO, RVF

Bioenergydevelopment in Sweden

Bioenergy has grown at a rate of 4 – 7 TWh per annum to 110 TWh 2005

Rate of growth has increased

1970 – 9 %1990 – 15 %2000 – 20 %2005 – 26 %



Source: SVEBIO

TWh

Biofuel use in DH & CHP productionSolid biofuel 29 % of total fuel used 2003 Overall efficiency 88%.6,0 TWh net electricity in CHP



Source: Svensk Fjärrvärme

Oldest & most common form of biofuelSmall log splitters & chippers to chip harvestersChipping green or dry at roadside or on siteResidue bundlingAccumulating heads


WOOD FUELS

Source: Woxnadahls Energi


WOOD FUELS – HARVESTING & COLLECTION







Source: Komatsu Forest










Source: John Deere






Source: ENHARABABKomatsu ForestBracke Forest





Source: Pallari

Sweden second largest producer & largest consumer market


WOOD FUELS – PELLETS & BRIQUETTES

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

1400000

1600000

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

TotalFamily houses

Swedish fuel pellet market (tonnes/year)

Source: PiR

Technology from animal feed industrySwedish pelleting technology specialized on small scale production units < 1 tonne/hr


WOOD FUEL – PELLETS & BRIQUETTES

Source: BioPress

Source: Bogma

Source: SPC

Pellet burners generally 23 kW – 600 kW3rd generation domestic burners on marketmainly domestic & light commercialDH & CHP power plants as co-firing; ground to powder first

Wood powder burners 100 kW – 30 MWpower plant retrofits & conversionsindustry

Wood chip burners 25 kW – 40 MW DH & CHP plants both new & conversionsindustry< 1MW being replaced by pellets

Rapid domestic & international market growth for all types


WOOD FUELS – BOILERS & BURNERS



Domestic wood chip burner 25 kW – 100 kW

Source: GotFire



Illustration of pellet fuel heating system 20 kW – 600 kW

Source: Janfire



New patented hot air furnace for space heating

Source: Vänertekno

25 – 150 kW heats 3 000 – 10 000 m3

Fuel: Logs, wood chips, pellets or grain



Installation 16 MW boiler for CHP plant commissioned 2005

Source: KMW Energi

Fuel: bark, wood chips, sawdust & peat



Retrofit & installation 2 x 25 MW wood powder burners

Source: VTS

Not widespread as a biomass source Growing rapidly in importance especially for:

Ethanol & RMEBiogas

Can use existing harvesting technology & equipment for e.g:

CerealsStrawSugar beetSilageManure collection

Some modifications requiredBio(gas) technology mainly imported


AGRICULTURAL FUELS

Examples of harvesting & collection adaptations for hempSource: Green 4U


AGRICULTURAL FUELS

Boiler & burnersStraw boilers mainly DanishGrain burners becoming popularRapid domestic & international market interest


AGRICULTURAL FUELS

Source: Faust

Source: Ecotec Värmesystem

Rapid production expansion to meet demand for E85 & reduce importsTradition technologies from food & distilling industries seen as short term solutionPilot plants for 2nd generation liquid biofuels


AGRICULTURAL FUELS – ETHANOL & RME

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

2001 2002 2003 2004

Source: BAFF

Ethanol consumption (1000 m3)

Own ethanol production prohibited!Swedish RME equipment for small scale production < 50 liters/hrExperiencing growth as interest for RME use increases especially amongst farmers & plant machinery operators e.g. forestry, construction etc


AGRICULTURAL FUELS – ETHANOL & RME


BIOFUELS FROM WASTE

Source:RVF

30 W-T-E plants in operation (2006); 22 in 1985Moving grate technology dominates; fluidized bed coming inStrict emissions controlsLarge difference in capacity5 000 to 400 000 tonnes/annumImport of MSW & RDF


BIOFUELS FROM WASTE

W-T-E production TWh & tonnes

Source: RVF

BiogasProduction ca. 1,4 TWh/annumMain production sources

Landfill sitesMunicipal waste water treatment

Agriculture large potentialRapid growing interest Bio(gas) technology mainly imported


BIOFUELS FROM WASTE

Peat harvestingLimited volumes harvested for bioenergy due to current EU classification as fossil fuel & Swedish emissions taxationResource – currently underutilizedExpected to increase once EU view changes & relaxation of CO2 taxationMost harvesting technology & equipment developed in Finland


PEAT FUEL

Source: Vapo Oy

Looks pretty good!


SWEDISH BIOENERGY – THE FUTURE?

Source: LRF


THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION AND…

…welcome to Sweden for

“Taking you from Know-How to Show-How”

Documents

INTRODUCTION TO SWEDISH BIOENERGY - ESCO-B · Bioenergy development in Sweden Bioenergy has grown at a rate of 4 – 7 TWh per annum to 110 TWh 2005 Rate of growth has increased 1970