Introduction to Sociology Lect 1

7/28/2019 Introduction to Sociology Lect 1

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LECTURE 1,2,3

INTRODUCTIONTOSOCIOLOGY

Course instructor:Mudassar Zulfiqar

[email protected]
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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SOCIOLOGY

The term sociology is derived from theLatin word societas meanings society

and

Greek word Logos meanings study

what do you understand the meaning of the term

sociology?


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WHATISSOCIOLOGY

Sociology is the systematic study of human society.( J.J Macionis)

The scientific study of human life, social groups, and

societies. (Giddens 2009)


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SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

The special point of view of sociology that sees that

see general patterns of society in the lives of

particular people


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SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

Access the truth of common sense

To see the opportunities and constraints in our life

To be active participants in our society

To live in a diverse world


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WHATISSOCIOLOGY

How humans interact with each other?How human behavior is shaped by

social structures (groups, communities,

organizations)

social categories (age, sex, class, etc.)

social institutions (politics, religion, education, etc.)


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ORIGINSOF SOCIOLOGY

August Comte is thought of as the "Father of Sociology"as he coined the term sociology in 1838 .

There are five major founders of sociology:

August Comte

Herbert Spencer Karl Marx

Emile Durkheim

Max Weber


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ORIGINSOF SOCIOLOGY

Social forces

French Revolution

A new industrial Economy

Growth of cities


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THEORETICALAPPROACHES/PERSPECTIVES

1. The structural-functional approach

2. The social-conflict approach

3. The symbolic-interaction approach


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The structural-functional approach

(August comte, Herbert Spencer, Emile Durkheim)

Social structure

Social functions1. Manifest function

2. Latent function

Social dysfunction


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How is society held together?

What are the major parts of the society?

What are these parts linked ? What does each part do to help society work?


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The social-conflict approach

(Karl Marx)

Conflict between dominant(rich) and

disadvantaged(poor) Social change that would reduce inequality

Feminism and Gender conflict

Race conflict


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How does society divide a population?

How do advantaged people protect their privileges?

How do disadvantage people challenge the systemseeking change?


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The symbolic-interaction approach

(Max Weber)

Human beings live in a world of symbols

How do people experience society?

How do behavior and meaning change from person

to person and from one situation to another

situation?


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SOCIOLOGYANDOTHERSOCIALSCIENCES

The natural sciences

The intellectual and academic disciplines to explain the

events in our natural environment.

The social sciences Examine human relationship by understanding social

world through controlled and repeated observation


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SOCIOLOGYANDOTHERSOCIALSCIENCES

Political science Sociology

Economics and sociology

Anthropology and sociology

Psychology and sociology


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ELEPHANTSTORY

Economist


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SUBJECTMATTEROFSOCIOLOGY

At a personal level

Love, racial prejudice, gender identity, deviant behavior

and religious experience

At a societal level

Existence of poverty and wealth, the creation of law, theadministration of justice, prejudice and discrimination,

business enterprises and entrepreneurship, schools and

education

At the global level

such things as population growth and migration,

economic development and globalization, war and peace,

and policies to support the protection of the environment.


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Documents

Introduction to Sociology Lect 1