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7/28/2019 Introduction to SAP R3 (Materials Mnamagement)
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Introduction SAP R/3 – MM
Satyanarayana Murthy
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ERP-Software: SAP R/3
Client/ Server
ABAP/4
R/3
SD
MM
PP
QA
PM
HR IS
OC
PS
AM
CO
FI
Sales and
Distribution
MaterialManagement Controlling
Financial
Accounting
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3
Components of Materials
Management
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4
Organizational Data
• A hierarchy in which the organizational units
in an enterprise are arranged according to
tasks and functions
• Are static data and are rarely changed
• The definition of organization units is a
fundamental step, it is a critical factor in how
the company will be structured
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Organizational Structures
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6
Organizational Structures
• Client
• Company
• Plant• Valuation Area
• Storage Locations
• Purchasing Organizations• Purchasing Groups
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Organizational Structures: Client
• The client is a unit within an SAP R/3 system
that is self-contained both in legal and
organizational terms and in terms of data,
with separate master records and an
independent set of tables.
• From a business viewpoint, the client
represents a corporate group, for example.
• Client: 3 numerical digits
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Organizational Structures: Company &
Company code
• The company code is the smallestorganizational unit of external accounting forwhich a complete, self-contained bookkeeping
system can be replicated.• A company code represents an independent
unit producing its own balance sheet, forexample, a company within a corporate group(client).
• Company code = 4 characters
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9
Organizational Structures: Plant
• Lowest valuation area
• Organizational level where Material
Requirements (MRP) runs
• Generally used to describe a production site, a
distribution center or centralized warehouse
• May be a physical or logical unit
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Organizational Structures: Valuation
Area
• The valuation area determines at which level a
material is valuated (inventory value is
established)
• SAP R/3 allows valuation at the company code
or plant level, but recommends valuation area
be set at the plant level.
• Means each plant can have its own material
prices and account determination
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Organizational Structures: Storage
Location
• Subdivision of a plant
• Where materials are managed (inventory
management)
– Raw Materials
– Maintenance, Repair, and Other (MRO)
– Finished Product
• May be a physical or logical unit
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Organizational Structures: Purchasing
Organizations
• An organizational unit responsible for
procuring materials or services for one or
more plants and for negotiating general
conditions of purchase with vendors.
• The purchasing organization assumes legal
responsibility for all external purchase
transactions.
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Purchasing organization
purchasing group MG 0, 3purchasing organization
purchasing group MG 1, 4
purchasing group MG 2, 5
purchasing group MG 7, 8, 9plant
purchasing group MG 6
material
group
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Organizational Structures: Purchasing
Organization Groups
•The purchasing organization is further
subdivided into purchasing groups (buyer
groups), which are responsible for day-to-day
buying activities.
• A purchasing group can also act for severalpurchasing organizations.
h
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Inventory Management with a
Warehouse Management Systemclient
0001plant
storage location
001warehouse number
001storage type
05-04-03
002
05-04-04storage bin
MM
WM
company code
0001 – ABC inc.
0001 – Jones inc. 0002 – Model Ltd.
purchasing organization
0001
0001 0002 0003
0002 0003 0004 0001
0002 0003 0004
distrib.-center factory
(physical stock)
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The Module MM – Main Functions
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MM – interdependencies to other modules
MM
material master
purchasing
requirements plan.
inventory mgmt.
invoice verification
SDsales and
distrib.
PM
plant
maintenance
QM
quality
management
PPproductionplanning
Logistik
FI
financial acc.
CO
controlling
AM
fixed assets mgmt.
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Basic Data
• Master records - include information about1. vendors
2. material and services to be procured
3. the relation between 1. and 2. ( purchasing inforecord )e.g. prices / terms and conditions
• bills of material for – production planning
– purchasing – sales and distribution
– withdrawal of Material
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• invoice entry
• invoice verification
• payment handling
• request for quotation
• quotation processing
• purch. order handling
Structure of the Vendor Master Record
General data
• name
• address
• control data
accounting data
• bank account
• acc. maintenance
• payment
purchasing
• terms and cond.
• partner functions
• currency
utilization
for each
purchasing
organization
client wide or
for each
company code
client wide
area of validitysections
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Create a Vendor
Creating Your Own Vendor Master Record
Usage We recommend that you create your own vendor master
record for this scenario. If, however, you prefer to use the
reference vendor instead, it could be that the order currency
has already been changed and this IDES scenario may no
longer work.
You create a German vendor in company code 1000, IDES AGGermany, to create purchase orders and invoices
denominated in euros.
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Create a Vendor
Menu Path Logistics Materials Management
Purchasing Master Data
Vendor Central Create
Transaction Code XK01
Procedure
1.Call up the transaction as follows:
.
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Create a vendor
Field Data
Vendor Your own vendor (choose a
number between 1000 and
1999)
Company code 1000
Purch. organization 1000
Account group LIEF
Reference vendor 1080
Reference company code 1000
Reference purchasing
organization
1000
On the Create Vendor: Initial Screen, enter the following
data:
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Create a Vendor
On the Create Vendor: Address screen, enter the following data:
Field Data
Description Any
Search term Any, for example "euro"
Street/House number Any
Postal code/City 5-figure, numerical (any)
Country DE
Language DE
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1. Choose until you reach the Create Vendor: Accounting andmake sure that 160000 appears in the Reconciliation Account
160000 field.
2. Choose until the Create Vendor: Purchasing Data screen
appears.
3. On the Create Vendor: Purchasing Data screen, check that the
order currency is EUR.
4. Choose until the Create Vendor: Partner Functions screen
appears.
5. Choose until the Create Vendor: Partner Functions screen
appears.
6. Choose until the Create Vendor: Partner Functions screen
appears.
Create a Vendor
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Create a Vendor
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Create a Vendor
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Create a Vendor
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Views on the Material Master Recordeach view is maintained by a certain user department of the firm
accounting: valuat ion - und calculat ion-specif ic information
requirements planning: information about mater ial requ irements
plannin g (e. g. reorder p oin t)
purchasing: e. g. responsible purchasing group, order unit
engineering: technical information storage: information about warehousing , mater ial mo vements, ...
forecast: information about the forecast ing o f the mater ial requirements
S & D: informationen about sales o rders and pr ice determ inat ion
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Demo: Create Material Master
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Demo: Create Material Master
•Select the views: Basic data 1, Purchasing, Purchase Order
text, Gl. Plant Data/Storage 1, Accounting 1
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Demo: Create Material Master
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Demo: Create Material Master
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Demo: Create Material Master
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Demo: Create Material Master
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Demo: Create Material Master
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Demo: Create Material Master
SAVE
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purchasing info record
info record
pricesterms & cond.
PO statisticstolerance levels
date
quotation
order
outlineagreement
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outline agreem.
PO
Purchasing Process
MM
X X X
X X
determination: requirements
X X X
X X
determination: source of supply
vendor 1
vendor 2
vendor selection
vendor
PO
PO
purchase order processing
PO monitoring
goods received &
inventory mgmt.
PO invoice?=
invoice verification
?
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Create Purchase Order (PO)
1
vendor known
purch. order
vendor 2
2
vendor not known
terms & cond.
outline
agrement
source list
vendor
info record
3
assigned purchase
requisition exists
(from user department)
purch. req.vendor 2
purch. order
purch. order
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Purchasing Process
• Create a requisition
• First release of requisition
• Create RFQ (Request for Quotation) with
reference to requisition
• Create PO (Purchase Order) with reference to
RFQ
• Department receives material ordered (GR)
• Department pays invoice (MIRO).
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Purchase Requisition
Document generated by a user department
or storeroom-personnel to notify the
purchasing department of items it needs toorder, their quantity, and the timeframe. It
may also contain the authorization to
proceed with the purchase. Also called
purchase request or requisition.
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Request for Quotation
Is a standard business process whose purpose is
to invite suppliers into a bidding process to bid onspecific products or services. RFQ generally
means the same thing as IFB (Invitation For Bid)
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Purchase Order
Buyer-generated document that authorizes a
purchase transaction. It sets forth thedescriptions, quantities, prices, discounts,
payment terms, date of performance or
shipment, other associated terms and conditions,
and identifies a specific seller.
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Create Purchase Requisition
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Create Purchase Requisition
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Create Purchase Requisition
• In the item, enter your material, Plant= 1000, QT = 100
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Create Purchase Requisition
• Save your Purchase requisition
• Take note of Purchase requisition number
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Demo: Create Purchase Order
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Demo: Create Purchase Order
• Open document overview: Click on document
overview button
• Choose “Selection variant list” icon
•Then select “My purchase requisition”, you will get
your purchase requisition listed
•Click on “adopt” icon, your purchase requisition
will be copied to the purchase order (or you can
drag and drop it into the shopping cart)
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Demo: Create Purchase Order
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Demo: Create Purchase Order
• Enter your vendor, and price 30 euro and save
P i O d E (G d R i )
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Posting an Order Entry (Goods Receipt)
MM
Logistics
purchasing req. planning
inventory
controlling
invoice
verification
goods receipt
inventory mgmt.
goods issue. transfer posting
SDsales and
distrib.
PM
plant
maintenance
QM
quality
management
PPproductionplanning
FI
financial acc.
CO
controlling
AM
fixed assets mgmt.
i O d
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Demo: Posting Order Entry (Goods Received)
1. Use T_code : MIGO
2. Select Goods Receipt3. Select Purchase Order
4. Enter PO number for goods to be received.
5. Hit "Enter"
D P i O d E ( )
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Demo: Posting Order Entry (Goods Received)
6. Enter Document date & posting date
7. Enter Header text (comment) if necessary.8. Close detail data.
D P i O d E ( d d)
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Demo: Posting Order Entry (Goods Received)
9. Notice that movement data is "101"
10. If you only received first item, then Check the "OK" box for first line item.therefore, the second item need not be processed
D P ti O d E t ( d i d)
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Demo: Posting Order Entry (Goods Received)
11. If you only received 3 pcs out of 10 pcs of item one & 2 pcs out of
10 pcs of item two, then Check the "OK" box for both line item12. Input actual quantity (3 & 2 pcs ).
13. Hit "Enter"
D P ti O d E t (G d R i d)
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Demo: Posting Order Entry (Goods Received)
14. Click "Check" button to find out if there is any error.
15. Check the "status" column .. Green means OK . Yellow means Warning . Red means error
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Invoice Verificationinput
information invoice verification
output
information
ordersactions:
• enter invoice
• verify invoice• post invoice
• update
relevant data
• (re-edit
invoice)
goods receipt
master data:
material
vendorsaccounts
terms & cond.
financial
accounting
asset
management
cost accounting
C t I i
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Create Invoice
Create Invoice using Tcode MIRO
Enter the Purchase order no. and click on Enter,
to display the material details.
Enter the Required details in allTabs
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Create Invoice (contd..)
Click the check box, to calculate the Tax
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Create Invoice (contd..)
Enter the Amount and click on save
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Create Invoice (contd..)
Invoice is created
Demo: Invoice Verification
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Demo: Invoice Verification
Using the tcode: MIRO"
Demo: Invoice Verification
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Demo: Invoice Verification
Demo: Invoice Verification
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Demo: Invoice Verification
net amount for
positions