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1. Introduction to

Sand Control

Often referred to as SAND MANAGEMENT

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Normal Producing Well

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Upon Producing a Well,

What Happens? Pressure differential created from reservoir to

wellbore

Delta P weakens matrix structure Sand grains detach

Drag forces

turbulent flow of gas and/or oil

oil viscosity

Multi-phase flow

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Well Producing Sand

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Sanded-Up Well

P

Well stops flowing

when P Pe

Pe

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What is Sand Control?

! completion techni"ue that prevents loose

reservoir sand from entering the wellbore

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Sand Control

Potential example reservoirs#

Sandstones with poor matrix cementation where

grains are loosely attached $unconsolidated% &igh rate wells that pull sand out of reservoir

Wells that see cyclic loading' such as gas storage

wells

Wells that produce two or more of the following# oil

gas

water

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Sand Production Can Be

Serious nd Costl!" (asing or liner failure due to erosion

$)sandblasting effect*%

Sand bridges in casing' tubing' or flow lines +rosional damage to surface e"uipment' flow

lines etc,

Sand accumulation in surface e"uipment

oss of production

Damage to formation

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Sand Production Is

World#ide Pro$lem Western &emisphere

.S ulf (oast 0egion $1M%

(alifornia 2rinidad' 3ra4il' 5ene4uela' 3arbados

+astern &emisphere

6orth Sea

West !frica $6igeria%

7taly - !driatic Sea

!sia-Pacific 0egion $7ndonesia' (hina' 7ndia8,%

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Classi%ication o% Sands and

&heir 'ailure &endencies .nconsolidated

9: 3&6 $kg/mm:%

6o cementing material

Partially (onsolidated

:-; 3&6 $kg/mm:%

Pieces easily crushed with fingers

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Classi%ication o% Sands and &heir

'ailure &endencies (cont.)

&ard

?> 3&6 $kg/mm:%

Pieces can not be broken with forceps

Medium &ard ?>-;> 3&6 $kg/mm:%

&ard ;>-=:; 3&6 $kg/mm:%

5ery &ard

=:; 3&6 $kg/mm:%

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Introduction to

Sand Control

Often referred to as SAND MANAGEMENT