Upload
antonio-carrillo
View
256
Download
2
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/10/2019 Introduction to Packet Radio
1/56
DKPZO@QLPDOK PO ^MLIAP ZM@DO
Jy Emrry Iakkay, VJ4EOX
Pbds sardas oc adfbtaak mrtdleas wms ordfdkmeey wrdttak dk =422to mppamr dkKuts & Soets, tba kawseattar oc tba \mk CrmkldsloMgmtaur Zm`do Leuj. Pba sardas bms jaak wd`aey `dstrdjuta`sdkla tbak, wdtb ravdsdoks dssua` dk =44=, =44s.
Pba mutbor ds ko eokfar mltdva dk pmliat rm`do mk` ds ukmjea toprovd`a up to `mta dkcorgmtdok ok pmliat rm do9 bowavar babms eact tbds gmtardme ok tba Dktarkat cor mllass jy tbosa wbogdfbt cdk` dt baepcue.
LOKPAKP\
^mrt =.........Vbmt Ds ^mliat Zm`do?
^mrt .........Fattdkf ok tba Mdr Vdtb ^mliat
^mrt ........Qsdkf tba Ko`a Katwori - ^mrt = oc
^mrt ==........Qsdkf tba Ko`a Katwori - ^mrt oc
^mrt =........Kmtdokme Prmccdl \ystag mk` ^mliat Zm`do
^mrt =
8/10/2019 Introduction to Packet Radio
2/56
DK@AR
\ujhalt ^mrt \ujhalt ^mrtM E
Mweak.................=< Edst Loggmk`s.........,MRES..............=< G
J Gmee..................>, or tba spaldme go`ag mk` soctwmra, wbdlb saee tofatbar cor mjout $1>.
Pba PKL, tba Pargdkme Ko`a Loktroeear, ds m "edttea jemli jox" tbmt's wdra` jatwaak tbalogputar mk` tba rm`do. Dt loktmdks soctwmra cor loktroeedkf tba outfodkf mk` dklogdkftrmksgdssdoks cor your stmtdok mk` m go`ag tbmt lokvarts tba `mtm crog tba logputar dkto
MC\I tokas cor trmksgdssdok mk` lbmkfas tba tokas tbmt mra raladva` jy tba rm`do dkto `mtmcor tba logputar. Pba PKL go`ag woris gulb edia m go`ag tbmt's usa` to lokkalt yourlogputar to tba taeapboka edkas. Dt's m sdgpea gmttar oc wdrdkf up m peuf mk` m loupea oc hmlisto jaloga cueey oparmtdokme ok pmliat. Dc you pracar to usa tba sgmee go`ag dkstam` oc mPKL, you'ee kaa` spaldme soctwmra cor your logputar to rapemla tba soctwmra dk tba PKL.Adtbar gatbo` woris aqumeey waee.
^mliat ds loggukdlmtdoks jatwaak paopea adtbar `dralt or dk`dralt. Tou lmk wori "iayjomr`to iayjomr`" or usa aealtrokdl gmdejoxas or jueeatdk jomr` systags to eamva gassmfas. @uato tba arror lbalidkf jy tba PKL, mee oc dt ds arror craa, too. (Pbmt ds, ms arror craa ms tba
parsok mt tba iayjomr` typas dt!) Ms tba `mtm ds raladva` dt's loktdkuousey lbalia` cor arrors,
mk` dt dsk't mllapta` ukeass dt's lorralt. Tou `ok't gdss tba dkcorgmtdok dc dt bms arrors,bowavar, jalmusa tba dkcorgmtdok ds rasakt uktde dt ds lorraltey raladva`.
Pba `mtm tbmt ds to ja trmksgdtta` ds loeealta` dk tba PKL mk` sakt ms jursts, or pmliats, ocdkcorgmtdok, bakla tba kmga. Amlb pmliat bms tba lmeesdfk or m``rass oc wbo dt's fodkf to,wbo dt's logdkf crog mk` tba routa jatwaak tba two stmtdoks dkleu`a`, meokf wdtb tba `mtmmk` arror lbalidkf. \dkla up to :13 lbmrmltars lmk ja dkleu`a` dk amlb pmliat, gora tbmktbraa edkas oc taxt lmk ja sakt dk m gmttar oc m loupea oc salok`s. Pbara ds meso peakty oc tdga
jatwaak pmliats cor savarme stmtdoks to ja usdkf tba smga craquakly mt tba smga tdga.
Dc mee oc tbds souk`s lokcusdkf, `ok't eat dt jotbar you, jalmusa tba PKL or spaldme pmliat
soctwmra `oas avarytbdkf cor you mutogmtdlmeey. ^mliat rm`do gdfbt saag vary lokcusdkf mtcdrst, jut dk m `my or two you'ee ja dk tbara wdtb tba jast oc tbag. Dk tbds sardas D'ee ja taeedkfyou mee mjout pmliat rm`do - bow you fat ok tba mdr mk` bow to usa dt. Va'ee tmei mjout tbaedttea jemli jox, tba PKL, mk` taee you mjout mee dts dkkar-gost salrats. Va'ee `dslussgmdejoxas, jueeatdk jomr` systags, mk` tba pmliat katworis tbmt meeow you to wori stmtdoksbuk`ra`s, avak tbousmk s, oc gdeas mwmy usdkf hust m eow powara` rdf ok : gatars, ::> or01>. Pba wore` oc pmliat rm`do mwmdts you!
^mrt = emst ravdsa` Cajrumry 2, =446.
^mrt :
Pmjea oc Loktakts mk` Dk`ax
8/10/2019 Introduction to Packet Radio
6/56
DKPZO@QLPDOK PO ^MLIAP ZM@DO - ^MZP :
jy Emrry Iakkay, VJ4EOX
FAPPDKF OK PBA MDZ VDPB ^MLIAP
Dk tba cdrst pmrt oc tbds sardas D toe` you, dk fakarme targs, wbmt pmliat rm`do wms mee mjout.Kow D'g fodkf to taee you bow to fat ok tba mdr, gmia m ]\O, mk` jaloga cmgdedmr wdtb yourpmliat stmtdok. Vbatbar you'ra kaw to pmliat, bmva jaak dkvoeva` cor hust m sbort tdga, or mraoka oc tba "oe` tdgars", tbds sardas sboue` baep mee oc you. Avak dc you `ok't yat bmvaaqudpgakt to fat ok tba mdr, you sboue` iaap tbds sardas oc mrtdleas bmk`y cor cutura usa. D'ee
jat you'ee ja hodkdkf us sook!
Pba aqudpgakt tbmt's kaa`a` to fat ok tba mdr wdtb pmliat ds m trmksladvar, m logputar ortargdkme, mk` m PKL - m targdkme ko`a loktroeear - tba edttea jemli jox D tmeia` mjout dkpmrt =.Or, dc you'ra usdkf m logputar, kot hust m targdkme, you lmk usa spaldme soctwmra mk` m sgmee
pmliat go`ag dkstam` oc m PKL. Tou kaa` m spaldme go`ag, tboufb, kot oka tbmt's usa` tolokkalt your logputar to tba taeapboka edka. Pba tokas usa` cor pmliat mra `dccarakt tbmktbosa usa` ok tba pboka.
D bdfbey raloggak` tbmt you stmrt wdtb m : gatar trmksladvar. Pbara ds pmliat mltdvdty ok::>, 00> mk` BC, jut : gatars ds wbara gost oc tba mltdok ds mk` tbmt's tba jast pemla to stmrt.
Vbak you juy m PKL or pmliat go`ag mk` tmia dt out oc tba jox, you'ee cdk` m lmjeasuppeda` cor lokkaltdkf dt to tba rm`do, jut you'ee bmva to mttmlb tba mpproprdmta gdl mk`spamiar hmli lokkaltors cor tba rm`do you'ra fodkf to usa. Tou'ee bmva to curkdsb tba lmjeatbmt lokkalts tba PKL to your logputar or targdkme. Dk gost lmsas, tba PKL or go`ag ds
lokkalta` to tba stmk`mr` Z\-:
8/10/2019 Introduction to Packet Radio
7/56
8/10/2019 Introduction to Packet Radio
8/56
racar to tba soctwmra dkstrultdoks cor prapmrdkf tba lokcdfurmtdok cdea cor your stmtdok. Mesokota tbmt wdtb tbds soctwmra, you `ok't aktar Loktroe L to fo dkto loggmk` go`a. Tousdgpey usa tba A\L (Aslmpa) iay prdor to aktardkf amlb loggmk`.
Tou'ra kow ram`y to fo ok tba mdr! Purk ok your rm`do, gmia sura tba voeuga ds turka` upmjout m tbdr` oc m turk (mjout tba "=> or == o'leoli" posdtdok) mk` gmia sura tba squaelb dssat. Dt sboue` ja mt tba podkt wbara tba jmlifrouk` kodsa `dsmppamrs, hust ms dt woue` ja satcor m vodla ]\O. Puka tba raladvar to mky o`` kugjara` craquakly jatwaak =00.4= mk`
=01.>4 or =01.3= mk` =01.64 GBz mk` sat tba rdf cor sdgpeax oparmtdok. Tou gdfbt bmva totuka mrouk` cor m craquakly wdtb mltdvdty dk your mram. Vmtlb your slraak. Tou sboue` sook
ja saadkf tba pmliats tbmt mra jadkf sakt ovar tba mdr jy otbar stmtdoks.
Eat's eooi mt wbmt you gdfbt saa. Tou sboue` saa sogatbdkf sdgdemr to tbds8
VJ4EOX ; V3^V-> pg.
Pbds sbows m pmliat jadkf sakt jy VJ4EOX to V3^V- pg.
Pba mstardsi dk`dlmtas tbmt you'ra raladvdkf tba pmliat crog V3^V-=, kot tba ordfdkmtdkfstmtdok, VJ4EOX. Pba pmliats mra jadkf `dfdtmeey rapamta`, or `dfdpamta`, jy V3^V-=. Pbastmtdok tbmt's `odkf tba `dfdpamtdkf ds lmeea` m `dfdpamtar. Tou'ee meso kota tbmt soga stmtdoksmra usdkf kmgas or m sardas oc eattars rmtbar tbmk lmeesdfks. Tou gdfbt saa sogatbdkf edia\CV, JAZIET, or JEQA. Pbasa mra pmliat stmtdoks sat up to oparmta ms ko`as. Pba stmtdoksmra usumeey eolmta` dk bdfbar eolmtdoks, mk` tbay'ra dkstmeea` to gmia lokkaltdoks to otbarstmtdoks amsdar. Pbay octak usa m kmga or eattars, lmeea` mk medms, tbmt d`aktdcy tbadr eolmtdok.Pbay sak` jotb tbadr medms mk` lmeesdfk mt => gdkuta dktarvmes to d`aktdcy tbagsaevas mk` to
ja eafme. (Jotb dfdpamtars mk` ko`as wdee ja `dslussa` dk `atmde dk m emtar pmrt oc tbds sardas.)
Tou'ee meso kotdla tbmt soga lmeesdfks bmva m trmdedkf kugjar mttmlba` to tbag. Ok pmliatyou lmk bmva up to =3 `dccarakt stmtdoks ok tba mdr mt tba smga tdga usdkf tba smga lmeesdfk.Pbmt's wbara tba kugjars mt tba ak` oc tba lmeesdfk loga dkto pemy. Pba lmees V3^V,V3^V-=, V3^V-:, V3^V-. Pbasakugjars mra lmeea` \alok`mry \tmtdok D@s or \\D@s, mk` mra usa` to `dccaraktdmta jatwaaktba vmrdous stmtdoks. Pbara sboue` kavar ja gora tbmk oka stmtdok usdkf tba smga lmeesdfk mk`\\D@ ok tba mdr mt tba smga tdga.
Kow tbmt you'ra cmgdedmr wdtb wbmt you gdfbt saa ok pmliat, you'ra ram`y to gmia your cdrst
pmliat ]\O! Dc you'ra usdkf m PKL, gmia sura dt's stdee dk loggmk` go`a. (Zagagjar, dt'sLoktroe-L.) Vmtlb cor m cmgdedmr lmee ok tba slraak or kota lmees you saa craquaktey. Ja surato kota wbatbar or kot m `dfdpamtar ds jadkf usa`. Vbak tba stmtdok you wmkt to loktmlt dscdkdsba` wdtb bds ]\O, aktar tba loggmk`8L ----orL ---- S ----
(`apak`dkf ok wbatbar or kot m `dfdpamtar ds kaa`a`) coeeowa` jy 5LZ;. Zapemla tba `msba`edkas mctar tba "L" wdtb tba lmee oc tba stmtdok you wmkt to loktmlt mk` tba `msba` edkas mctartba "S" wdtb tba `dfdpamtar lmee, dc kaa`a`. @ok't corfat tba \\D@ dc tba lmee bms oka. Pba Lgamks LOKKALP mk` tba S gamks SDM. Axmgpea8L VJEOX S V^V-=
8/10/2019 Introduction to Packet Radio
9/56
gamks lokkalt to VJ4EOX vdm V3^V-=. Dc you'ra sullasscue, you sboue` sook saa "***LOKKALPA@ PO (lmeesdfk)" ok your slraak mk` your cdrst pmliat ]\O ds uk`arwmy!
Tou bmva kow aktara` tba tbdr` eavae oc loggukdlmtdoks, lmeea` LOKSAZ\A go`a, mk` tbdsds wbara you loggukdlmta crog tba iayjomr` to tba rm`do. Mkytbdkf you typa ok tbaiayjomr` wdee ja trmksgdtta` ovar tba mdr ms m pmliat avary tdga you bdt m 5LZ; mk` dt wdeemppamr ok tba otbar stmtdok's slraak. Mkytbdkf sakt jy tba otbar stmtdok wdee ja trmksgdtta` toyou mk` wdee mppamr ok your slraak.
Vbak you'ra cdkdsba` wdtb your ]\O, ja sura to `o m LOKPZOE L to fat jmli dktologgmk` go`a ok your PKL, or bdt tba A\L iay dc usdkf tba pmliat soctwmra, tbak aktar @to `dslokkalt crog tba otbar stmtdok. Tou'ee saa "@D\LOKKALPA@" ok tba slraak. Dc youfat lokkalta` to m stmtdok jut you `ok't raladva m raspoksa, you gdfbt bmva ramlba` mkukmttak`a` stmtdok or m ko`a. @ok't `aspmdr, `dslokkalt mk` try sogaoka aesa.
Tou'ra ok tba wmy kow to eots oc pmliat cuk mk` m`vaktura! Dc you mra stdee bmvdkf projeagsmt tbds podkt, loktmlt m crdak` tbmt bms soga axpardakla ok pmliat mk` msi cor baep. Pba dkdtdmesat up oc tba logputar, PKL, soctwmra mk` rm`do ds projmjey tba jdffast stugjedkf jeoli dk
pmliat. Mky axpardakla` pmliat oparmtor wdee ja bmppy to baep you fat tbroufb tbds prolass
to fat you ok tba mdr.
^mrt : emst ravdsa` Cajrumry 6, =446.
^mrt to:11. (M vmeua oc > aqumes :13.) Pba gora lbmrmltars you sak` par pmliat, tba eokfar dt tmias
to trmksgdt tba dkcorgmtdok mk` tba framtar your lbmklas mra oc kodsa, dktarcarakla or mkotbarstmtdok wdpdkf dt out. D'va couk` m ^MLEAKoc 2>, wbdlb ds tba eakftb oc oka edka, to ja m foo`vmeua. Vbak woridkf m stmtdok kamrjy, ^MLEAKlmk ja dklramsa`. Vbak woridkf m `dstmktstmtdok, dt sboue` ja `alramsa`.
ZAPZT8 Tour PKL wdee ratrmksgdt m pmliat dc dt `oask't raladva mk mlikowea`fagakt crog tbastmtdok you'ra woridkf. ZAPZTdk`dlmtas tba kugjar oc tdgas tba PKL wdee try to fat tba
pmliat tbroufb jacora fdvdkf up mk` dslokkaltdkf. Pbds lmk ja sat crog > to =1, jut D'vacouk` 2 to => to wori waee. Eass tbmk tbmt lmusas mk ukkalassmry `dslokkalt dc tba lbmkkaebmppaks to ja jusy, jut gora tbmk tbmt leuttars up tba lbmkkae. @o KOP sat ZAPZTto >. Pbmtgamks dkcdkdta ratrdas, mk` sarvas ko usacue purposa. Dt sdgpey leuttars up tba craquakly
kaa`eassey.
Pba coeeowdkf loggmk`s mccalt "gokdtordkf", wbdlb ds wbmt you saa ok your slraak crogstmtdoks you'ra KOP lokkalta` to.
GOKDPOZ8 Pbds gust ja OK cor you to gokdtor mkytbdkf. Vbak OK, you saa pmliats crogotbar stmtdoks ok tba craquakly you'ra tuka` to. Vbmt pmliats you saa ds `atargdka` jy otbarloggmk`s crog tba edst jaeow. Dc GOKDPOZds OCC, you okey saa tba pmliats tbmt mra sakt toyou wbdea you'ra lokkalta` to mkotbar stmtdok.
Kota8 Ok soga PKLs, sulb ms tba MAM ^I-:
8/10/2019 Introduction to Packet Radio
12/56
I4MP;VJ3]SQ,V3^V-*8 D'ee ja eamvdkf cor tba gaatdkf mt mjout 8.
Dc GZ^Pwms OCC, tba smga trmksgdssdok woue` eooi edia tbds8
I4MP;VJ3]SQ8 D'ee ja eamvdkf cor tba gaatdkf mt mjout 8.
Dk tba cdrst lmsa, you lmk saa tbmt tba V3^V-1 `dfdpamtar wms jadkf usa`. Pba mstardsidk`dlmtas wbdlb stmtdok you wara bamrdkf tba pmliat crog. Dk tba salok` lmsa you bmva kod`am dc `dfdpamtars mra jadkf usa` or wbmt stmtdok you wara raladvdkf.
BAM@AZEK8 Dc you bmva tbds turka` OK, tba bam`ar oc amlb pmliat ds prdkta` ok m sapmrmta edkacrog tba taxt. Dc OCC, jotb tba bam`ar mk` pmliat taxt mra prdkta` ok tba smga edka.
G\PMG^8 Pba `mta mk` tba tdga tba gokdtora` pmliats mra raladva` ds dk`dlmta` dc tba G\PMG^loggmk` ds OK. Dc dt's OCC, tba `mta/tdga stmgp ds kot sbowk. KOPA8 Pba `mta mk` tdgagust ja aktara` dkto your PKL gagory usdkf tba @MTPDGAloggmk` jacora tba G\PMG^loggmk` wdee cukltdok.
D ruk gy stmtdok wdtb mee oc tbasa loggmk`s, axlapt GLOK, turka` OK so tbmt D lmk rameey saawbmt's bmppakdkf ok tba craquakly D'g gokdtordkf. Pry vmrdous logjdkmtdoks oc tbasa
loggmk`s mk` tbak `ald`a ok tba logjdkmtdok you edia jast cor your stmtdok.
GOZA LOGGMK@\ - Pba loggmk`s `dslussa` bara mra m caw oc tba jmsdl PKLloggmk`s. D'ee `dsluss gmky oc tba otbar loggmk`s mvmdemjea to you dk pmrts =
8/10/2019 Introduction to Packet Radio
13/56
DKPZO@QLPDOK PO ^MLIAP ZM@DO - ^MZP 0
jy Emrry Iakkay, VJ4EOX
@DFD^AMPAZ\ MK@ KO@A\ - PBA JM\DL\
@DFD^AMPAZ\8
@dfdpamtar ds tba targ usa` to `aslrdja m pmliat rm`do `dfdtme rapamtar. Qkedia tba CG vodlarapamtars, gost `dfdpamtars oparmta ok sdgpeax mk` `o kot raladva mk` trmksgdtsdguetmkaousey. Pbay raladva tba `dfdtme dkcorgmtdok, tagpormrdey stora dt mk` tbak turkmrouk` mk` ratrmksgdt dt. Tour PKL lmk ja usa` jy otbars ms m `dfdpamtar dc you bmva tbaloggmk` @DFD^AMP turka` OK.
Tou usa m `dfdpamtar jy aktardkf dts lmeesdfk mctar m S or SDM dk your lokkalt saquakla. Baramra soga axmgpeas oc propar lokkalt saquaklas8
L V^V-< S VJEOX-
L KXTR S VMC\^-=,V@AOJ-, =442.
Jmli to Pmjea oc Loktakts mk` Dk`ax