Introduction to On-load Boiler cleaningusers.abo.fi/maengblo/CET_2019/ClydeBergemann/X3 (2019...requirements within a boiler by applying various cleaning methods and nozzles as well

© C

BW

Cly

de B

erg

em

ann W

ese

l 10.2

007

-Rev. 5

Introduction to On-load Boiler

cleaning

March 15, 2019Chemistry in Energy Technology

Åbo Akademi University

© CBW Clyde Bergemann Wesel - Alle Rechte vorbehalten

23 – Introduction to On-load Boiler Cleaning

Conversion of solid fuel

devolatilisation char

conversion

fuel

particle

drying

CxHyOz

S, N

Ignition/

Volatile

conversion

CO, CO2,

H2, N

Ash

T P

arti

cle

t residence

H2O

CO2, H2O

SOx, NOx


3

Coal- and Coal Ash Composition

Coal Analysis

C (ar) [%] 47.94

H (ar) [%] 2.85

O (ar) [%] 4.97

N (ar) [%] 0.66

S (ar) [%] 0.52

Ash (ar) [%] 37.96

Moisture (ar) [%] 5.10

Volatiles (waf) [%] 33.0

Hu (waf) [MJ/kg] 32.2

Ash Analysis

SiO2 [%] 56,6

Al2O3 [%] 26,5

Fe2O3 [%] 9,4

CaO [%] 3,9

MgO [%] 1,5

Na2O [%] 0,3

K2O [%] 0,3

TiO2 [%] 1,0

P2O5 [%] -

SO3 [%] 1,3



4

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

Si Al Fe Mg Ca K Na P S Cl

Wt-

% d

.b.

Wood

Debris

Bark

Needles

Salix

Timothy

Lucerne

Rape

Barley

Wheat

RC summer

RC spring

Peat Ref

Peat Average

MSW

Coal 1

Coal 2

A. Nordin (1994) Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol.6(5), 339-347

Ash Forming Elements



5

Flyash Deposits (Coal Biomass)

Coal and 15% olive Coal only



6

Flyash - Flyash Deposition



7

Why is On-load Boiler Cleaning needed ?

Give some examples and possible consequence in a boiler:

________________________

________________________

________________________

________________________



8

Where can we have deposits ?

BFB (Bubbling Fluidized Boiler) boilers



9


CFB (Bubbling Fluidized Boiler) boilers



10


Evaporator / Radiative

Convective

Luvo-Bypass-

Economiser

Luvo

Typical COAL fired boilers



11


RB (Kraft Recovery Boiler) boilers



12

Wall Deposits



13

Superheater Deposits (Coal)



14

Superheater Deposits (Coal)



15

Superheater Deposits



16

Economiser Deposits



Carryover

Fume

Two type of fly ash particles:

Carryover

Mechanical entrainment of BL droplets or

fragment of burning droplet

Fume

Condensation of vapors of Na and K

compounds in the flue gas

17

Deposits (Recovery Boiler)


Carryover

Fume

Dust

Black Liquor


Deposits in RB - 1st Pain Point



Unlike Power Boilers, Sootblowers in

Recovery Boiler are operated back to back

continuously to prevent costly plugging

How heavy the fouling can be ??



Costly On-load Cleaning (sootblower)

operation due to constant running of

cleaning equipment:

• 2,860 ton BL dry solid / day

• 410 ton/hr 100 bar steam prod

• SB consume 8% MCR steam

• 8% * 410 = 32.8 ton/hr

• €15/ton * 32.8 ton/hr

• €4.2 Million / year

Deposits in RB – 2nd Pain Point



Situation & Solution

Solution

Cleaning devices which are specially

designed for the different cleaning

requirements within a boiler by applying

various cleaning methods and nozzles

as well as nozzles arrangements

Cleaning media

steam/air

water

Critical cleaning parameters can be

flexibly set depending on deposition type

or intensity

This allows for an independent and

variable boiler cleaning




Solution

SMART Cannon Retractable Sootblower

Kinetic energy and

volumetric expansion

Water

Wate

r/S

team

De

po

sit

ion


SMART SCS SMART Clean



Not covered in this presentation:

Off-load Boiler cleaning

Acoustic (Sonic horns) cleaning methods

Explosion methods

Mechnical rapping systems


Rapping Systems


24Titel der Präsentation

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Documents

Introduction to On-load Boiler cleaningusers.abo.fi/maengblo/CET_2019/ClydeBergemann/X3 (2019...requirements within a boiler by applying various cleaning methods and nozzles as well