Introduction to notes• You do not need to

copy pictures • You need to add

questions and complete the summary for your notes for full credit

• BOLD words are usually vocabulary words to pay attention to.

Your notes are set up as fill-in the blank notes. This gives you more time listen and less writing. So to complete the notes you need to write down the underlined words.

Quick Write (ON THE ½ SHEET OF PAPER)

• When starting a new colony, lets say oh the United States, what do you think as a group should be your first priority once your group arrives? Why?

Standards we are covering…• GWH 1.8.3- Compare various approaches to

European colonization in the Western Hemisphere.

• WHC 2.3.1- Identify main reasons for major migrations of people.

• GWH 2.5.3- Give examples of how land forms and water, climate, and natural vegetation have influenced historical trends and developments in the Western Hemisphere

• WHC 4.4.1- Describe the role of government in population movements throughout western civilization.

You will be creating a fictional colony…You will need:

• Name• Flag • Goal• Supply List• Map of the

land

• View of community with defenses drawn

• Bill of Rights/Governing contract

• 3 Journal Entries– Will you take a leadership role

in your colony? What role and why? If the answer is no, why?

– What is the first thing you will need to do to survive as a colony?

– How will you deal with native populations that you encounter in the new world?

Colonial America

A look at the Thirteen Colonies

So what is a So what is a Colony?Colony?

• A colony is a piece of land which is ruled by A colony is a piece of land which is ruled by another another countrycountry.  . 

• Most of the time colonies are a long way away Most of the time colonies are a long way away from the country that rules them.from the country that rules them.

So how do we get a So how do we get a Colony?Colony?

The 13 Colonies in 1750The 13 Colonies in 1750

Reasons for Leaving England• Population increase and depressed

economy left many citizens unemployed and without property.

• Many English citizens were seeking religious freedom

• The New World was believed to be a place where one could practice their faith and achieve economic success.

Draw a chart

Colony & Date

How What challenges

(4 lines)

(4 lines)

Jamestown1607 “The First

Colony”• The Virginia Company was granted a

charter by King James I• Primary Objective- Trade • Problems- poor leadership, too many

colonists were following their own agendas, The Jamestown settlement was located in a swampy area

• Cash Crop- Tobacco, labor intensive. Many laborers were needed.

Plymouth 1620

• Founded by the Separatists, Puritans • Seeking Religious freedom• Strong leadership- Miles Standish and

William Bradford• Mayflower Compact• Fish, Timber and furs drove the

economy, early on they stressed living in community

England’s American Colonies• There were 3 groups of

Colonies too!• New England

Colonies

• Middle Colonies

• Southern Colonies

New England Colonies

• Connecticut• Massachusetts• New Hampshire• Rhode Island

Middle Colonies

• Delaware• New Jersey• New York• Pennsylvania

Southern Colonies

• Georgia• Maryland• North Carolina • South Carolina• Virginia

Map & Colony Goal

• On the front of your folder you need the following:– A name for your colony- – The goal of your colony (what do you hope

to accomplish? What is the purpose of your colony. It will have something to do with why you are going. 5-8 sentences explaining this)

– Flag for your colony

If you were a settler consider this…

RESTATE THE QUESTION• Where would you settle? • What should the land look like?• What kind of resources would you need

to survive?• What kind of protection do you need

from elements?

Where to settle…

Roanoke…the lost colony

In order for colonies to survive…

• Settlement areas needed to have access to

• Natural resources (trees, water, farming area)

• Access to open water (ocean, river)• Some natural protection from natives

and elements (mountains, river, ocean, large plains, forest).

Map & Map Explained • Create a map on a half sheet of paper of the

land where your colony settled. • Place a star on the map where your colony will

settle. • Color & label the features around your colony

(rivers, mountains, plains etc.)• Write a paragraph w/the following: (half sheet)

1. Where is your colony (give directional location in relation to the major features)

2. What physical features are in your colonial area3. How will the land you chose help your colony

survive?

Shelters & Defenses

• Once a colony is set, colonists had to defend themselves in order to survive…

Different types of defenses…

• Trees cut and sharpened at one end.

• Guard tower built to watch for invading natives.

• Usually built in a well defended area, up on a hill, water on one side if available.

• Used all natural resources.

Jamestown Settlement

Shelters of Colonial Settlers

• Half-faced shelter

Homestead in Carolina

Homestead being attacked by Natives

Preparing to build shelters

Borrowed from the Natives…

Shelters that suite the surroundings

Shelters, Communities & Supplies SHELTER & COMMUNITY

• Draw a layout of how the colony will be organized with the following: Full sheet of paper on the back of your folder. These are minimum requirements…

1. 2 community buildings2. Shelters & common area3. Boundaries marked

Half sheet of paper located inside on the right top side of your folder answer the following questions.

1. List the materials you will use for your shelter, the reason for the design & where are the resources materials in relation to your colony

2. Plan how you will defend your colony & what will you use/do to protect it. (This will be written on the front of the foldable)

COMMUNITIES & SUPPLIES

Planning a colony community

Dutch Settlement Bergen colonial New Jersey

Community organization

Preparation (supplies)

• The first twenty years of the Jamestown colony were difficult; only about 20 percent of the earliest settlers survived. It was not only the problems that faced the colonists in the New World that led to this distressing statistic, but also a lack of preparation by those who chose to travel across the sea to begin life in the Virginia wilderness. Recognizing this as a threat to their hopes of a successful business venture — more settlers meant more money — the Virginia Company published this broadside, or poster, to educate settlers about the necessary materials to bring to Virginia.

Supplies

Primary source document Virginia Settlement Broadside

• The Inconveniences that have happened to some persons which have transported themselves from England to Virginia, without provisions necessary to sustain themselves, hath greatly hindered the Progress of that Noble Plantation: For prevention of the like disorders hereafter, that no man suffer either through ignorance or misinformation; it is thought requisite to publish this short Declaration: wherein is contained a particular of such necessaries, as either private Families or single persons shall have cause to furnish themselves with, for their better support at their first landing in Virginia; whereby also greater numbers may receive in part directions how to provide themselves.

Apparel• Apparel for one man and so after the rate for more• One Monmouth Cap 000110• Three falling bands0103• Three shirts 0706• One Waste-coat 202• One suit of Canvas 0706• One suit of Frize 1000• One suit of Cloth 1500• Three pair of Irish stockins04• Four pair of shoes 0808• One pair of garters0010• One pair of Canvas sheets0800• Seven Ells of Canvas, to make a bed and bolsters, to be filled in

Virginia 0800• One Rug for a bed in 8.S. which with the bed serving for two

men, half is Five Ells course Canvas, to make a bed at Sea for two men, to be filled with straw 4.S.0500One course Rug at Sea for two men, will cost 6.S. is for one040000

Preparation supplies needed

Tools• 5 broad Hoes• 2 broad axes• 2 hammers• 2 pickaxes• 2 augers• 2 hatchets

Household• 1 iron pot• 1 kettle• 1 large frying pan• Platters, dishes, spoons

of wood

Food

8 bushels of corn meal

2 bushels of oatmeal

2 gallons vinegar

Create a supply list…• You can use materials

available today. • Create a list of 20-30

items colonist will need to be able to survive the settlement of your colony –

Include some of the following:

1. Cloths2. Household3. Tools4. Food

Remember your colony goal when creating this list.

• No electricity is available. (this means no refrigeration is available…like camping in Idaho-but long term)

• No running water is available. • You are in a climate like Idaho.

Dry dessert, cold at night, 4 seasons (Summer, Winter, Spring and Fall).

• You need to have enough supplies for the journey and establishment of your colony.

• You need to choose between 50 and 150 people. State the number of people at the beginning of your supply list.

• Supply List for________ amount of people.

England’s American Colonies• There were 3 types of

Colonies!• Corporate Colonies- Colonies

run by joint-stock companies.

• Royal Colonies- Colonies under the direct authority of the king

• Proprietary Colonies- Colonies run by individuals with authority from the king.

Jamestown

• The Virginia Company of London charter proclaimed that the colonists would enjoy "all liberties, franchises and immunities" as they would in England.

• But later it become clearer they needed a more structured government.

• John Smith took over government proceedings.

Plymouth

• Plymouth were self-governed with an early form of democracy and settled in the New World to gain religious freedom.

• William Bradford helped things run smoothly.

How to Govern…

• Mayflower Compact – What is it?The Mayflower Compact is a written agreement composed by a consensus of the new Settlers arriving at New Plymouth in November of 1620.

• The Mayflower Compact was drawn up with fair and equal laws, for the general good of the settlement and with the will of the majority.

• The Mayflower’s passengers knew that the New World’s earlier settlers failed due to a lack of government.

• Compact was composed to ensure success of the settlement and settlers.

Roanoke Government

• 1 leader Sir Walter Raleigh. • However, not sure what happened to

the colonies existence, still remains a mystery today.

Colony Bill of Rights

• Create a bill of rights to govern your colony. It needs to list some of the rights & expectations they will live by.

We the people of __ (colony name) ___ in order to have a successful colony…

• promise to….. • We will promote…..• We pledge to….. What are you doing to ensure the safety,

welfare & success of your colony?

Atlantic Slave Trade

Capture• The original capture

of slaves was almost always violent

• As European demand grew, African chieftains organized raiding parties to seize individuals from neighboring societies

• Others launched wars specifically for the purpose of capturing slaves

Iron, Metal goods

Slaves and Gold

Sugar and Molasses

Middle Passage

• Following capture, slaves were force- marched to holding pens before being loaded on ships

• The trans-Atlantic journey was called the “Middle Passage”

• The ships were filthy, hot, and crowded

Middle Passage• Crews attempted to keep as many

slaves alive as possible to maximize profits, but treatment was extremely cruel– Some slaves refused to eat and crew members

used tools to pry open their mouths and force-feed them

– Sick slaves were cast overboard to prevent infection from spreading

Middle Passage• During the early days of the slave

trade, mortality rates were as high as 50%

• As the volume of trade increased and conditions improved (bigger ships, more water, better nourishment and facilities), mortality eventually declined to about 5%

Middle Passage

• Most ships provided slaves with enough room to sit upright, but not enough to stand

• Others forced slaves to lie in chains with barely 20 inches space between them

The Southern Economy

• Large Plantations • Agriculture• Raw materials• Cash Crops- crops grown mainly to be

sold for a profit• Tobacco, rice, and indigo

The Southern Economy

• Plantations required a good amount of work

• By the 1700’s enslaved Africans were the main work force

• Slave Codes- laws to control the slaves

The New England Colonies

• Had harsh environment, rocky soil• Crops were hard to grow• No big plantations, no need for many

slaves• Used own labor

The New England Colonies

• Fishing• Timber• Shipbuilding• Ship ports became the center of the

economy• Trade of goods

The Middle Colonies

• Is a mix of commerce and agriculture• Good land for farming• Long growing season• Grew staple crops- crops that are

always in demand• Wheat, barley, and oats• Also raise live stock

The Middles Colonies

• Made use of Slavery• Indentured Servants- people

contracted to work for set amount of time, then free

• Good shipping ports • New York and Boston

3 Journal Entries Journal entries need to be written in

complete sentences with details that I can see, hear or experience through your writing.

1. Will you take a leadership role in your colony? What role and why? If the answer is no, why?

2. What is the first thing you will need to do to survive as a colony?

3. How will you deal with native populations that you encounter in the new world?