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Introduction to Fiqh on Al-Halal (the lawful); Al-Haram (the prohibited or unlawful) and Al-Makruh (the detested).
Article Series No.1 Issued On 6th October 2014 assembled by Abba Abana, [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
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“Allah chooses messengers from angels and from men, for Allah is He Who hears and sees (all things)." (Holy Quran Surah. 22:75);
Had the earth been inhabited by angels, We would then indeed have sent an angel from the heavens as a messenger towards them. (Holy Quran Al-Israa 17: 94).
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Imam Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned that the Ayats of the Holy Qur’an are of five groups/types:a) Those that describe Allah (SWT)b) Those that tell us to worship Allah (SWT) alonec) Those that teach us about Fiqh [i.e. Halal (the permissible) and Haram (the prohibited)] – (This is our Topic for discussions throughout – all series)d) Those that mention the people of Tawheed, past and futuree) Those that inform us about the people of Shirk (opposite of Tawheed) and Kufr (disbelief).
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The human life has a map which shows various stages and phases of existence:1 - Life before birth (In the worm) – Only Allah (SWT) has the Knowledge.2 - Life in this world (physical existence) – what have you sent forth to hereafter!3 - Life after death (Life in Grave) – No choice and depends on No 2.4 - Life after resurrection (Paradise or Hell-Fire) – No choice and depends on No 2.
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The World Main religions (Listed below) before advent of Islam:1)Christianity;2) Judaism; 3)Hinduism; 4)Buddhism;5)Sikhism; 6)Zoroastrianism; 7)Atheism etc.
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Ten (10) Commandments in Bible and Quran - Comparisons
And remember We gave Moses the Scripture and the criterion (between right and wrong) there was a chance for you to be guided aright. (Holy Quran Chapter 2:53)
And We ordained laws for him in the Tablets in all matters, both commanding and explaining all things, (and said): "Take and hold these with firmness, and enjoin thy people to hold fast by the best in the precepts: soon shall I show you the homes of the wicked― (how they lie desolate)." (Holy Quran Chapter 7:145).
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The Bible's Ten Commandments:1) "Thou shalt have no other gods before me. (From the KJV Bible, Exodus 20:3)"
2) "Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; (From the KJV Bible, Exodus 20:4-5)"
3) "Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain; for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. (From the KJV Bible, Exodus 20:7)"
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The Bible's Ten Commandments:4. "Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. (From the KJV Bible, Exodus20:8)"5. "Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee. (From the KJV Bible, Exodus 20:12)"6. "Thou shalt not kill (or murder). (From the KJV Bible, Exodus 20:13)"7. "Thou shalt not commit adultery. (From the KJV Bible, Exodus 20:14)"8. "Thou shalt not steal. (From the KJV Bible, Exodus 20:15)"9. "Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour. (From the KJV Bible, Exodus 20:16)"10. "Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's. (From the KJV Bible, Exodus 20:17)"
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Are the above 10 Commandments Still Important For Today?It’s quite amazing how many of these commandments are being broken on a regular basis, even by Christians themselves. (http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/587032/Ten-Commandments)Do the Ten Commandments exist in the Noble Quran?Yes; There are far more than the Great 10 Commandments in the Bible exist in the Holy Quran.
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The Noble Quran's Equivalence or Better
1) "Abraham was not a Jew nor yet a Christian; but he was true in Faith, and bowed his will to God's (Which is Islam), and he joined not gods with God. (The Noble Quran, 3:67)"
2) "God forgiveth not (The sin of) joining other gods with Him; but He forgiveth whom He pleaseth other sins than this: one who joins other gods with God, Hath strayed far, far away (from the right). (The Noble Quran, 4:116)"
3) "Say: He is God, the One and Only; God, the Eternal, Absolute; He begetteth not, nor is He begotten; And there is none like unto Him. (The Noble Quran, 112:1-4)"
4) "Lo! Abraham said to his father Azar: "Takest thou idols for gods? For I see thee and thy people in manifest error." (The Noble Quran, 6:74)"
(http://www.islamographic.com/gallery/the-10-commandments-and-islam/)
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5. "This is the guidance of God: He giveth that guidance to whom He pleaseth, of His worshippers. If they were to join other gods with Him, all that they did would be vain for them. (The Noble Quran, 6:88)"6. "Follow what thou art taught by inspiration from thy Lord: there is no god but He: and turn aside from those who join gods with God. (The Noble Quran, 6:106)" etc...7. "Know, therefore, that there is no god but God, and ask forgiveness for thy fault, and for the men and women who believe: for God knows how ye move about and how ye dwell in your homes. (The Noble Quran, 47:19)"8. "And He is God: There is no god but He. To Him be praise, at the first and at the last: for Him is the Command, and to Him shall ye (all) be brought back. (The Noble Quran, 28:70)"
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9. "(He is) the Creator of the heavens and the earth: He has made for you pairs from among yourselves, and pairs among cattle: by this means does He multiply you: there is nothing whatever like unto Him, and He is the One that hears and sees (all things). (The Noble Quran, 42:11)"10. "No vision can grasp Him, but His grasp is over all vision: He is above all comprehension, yet is acquainted with all things. (The Noble Quran, 6:103)"11. "Remember Abraham said: "O my Lord! make this city one of peace and security: and preserve me and my sons from worshipping idols. (The Noble Quran, 14:35)"
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12. "Revile not ye those whom they call upon besides God, lest they out of spite revile God in their ignorance. Thus have We made alluring to each people its own doings. In the end will they return to their Lord, and We shall then tell them the truth of all that they did. (The Noble Quran, 6:108)"13. "The most beautiful names belong to God: so call on him by them; but shun such men as use profanity in his names: for what they do, they will soon be requited. (The Noble Quran, 7:180)“14. "Already has He sent you Word in the Book, that when ye hear the signs of God held in defiance and ridicule, ye are not to sit with them unless they turn to a different theme: if ye did, ye would be like them. For God will collect the hypocrites and those who defy faith - all in Hell:- (The Noble Quran, 4:140)"
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15. "When thou seest men engaged in vain discourse about Our signs, turn away from them unless they turn to a different theme. If Satan ever makes thee forget, then after recollection, sit not thou in the company of those who do wrong. (The Noble Quran, 6:68)“16. "And make not God's (name) an excuse in your oaths against doing good, or acting rightly, or making peace between persons; for God is One Who heareth and knoweth all things. (The Noble Quran, 2:224)"17. "God! there is no god but He! To Him belong the most Beautiful Names. (The Noble Quran, 20:8)"18. "He is God, the Creator, the Evolver, the Bestower of Forms (or Colours). To Him belong the Most Beautiful Names: whatever is in the heavens and on earth, doth declare His Praises and Glory: and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise. (The Noble Quran, 59:24)"
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19. "He is God, the Creator, the Evolver, the Bestower of Forms (or Colours). To Him belong the Most Beautiful Names: whatever is in the heavens and on earth, doth declare His Praises and Glory: and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise. (The Noble Quran, 59:24)"
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The Jewish Sabbath is also in the Noble Quran. 1. They are 99 Holy Names and Attributes Of Allah: "And well ye knew those
amongst you who transgressed in the matter of the Sabbath: We said to them: "Be ye apes, despised and rejected." (The Noble Quran, 2:65)"
2. By the way, the Bible supports this Divine claim "O ye People of the Book! believe in what We have (now) revealed, confirming what was (already) with you, before We change the face and fame of some (of you) beyond all recognition, and turn them hind wards, or curse them as We cursed the Sabbath-breakers, for the decision of God Must be carried out. (The Noble Quran, 4:47)"
3. "Fight in the cause of God those who fight you, but do not transgress limits; for God loveth not transgressors. (The Noble Quran, 2:190)"
(http://www.answering-christianity.com/apes_and_swines.htm)
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The Jewish, Christian and also Muslim readers that no one, who sincerely and truthfully follows the Mosaic Law's Great 10 Commandments (obviously also exist in the Noble Quran) goes astray! 1. Allah Almighty clearly said in the Noble Quran: "Of the people of Moses there is a section who guide and do justice in the light of truth. (The Noble Quran, 7:159)“2. "Not all of them are alike: Of the People of the Book [Jews and Christians] are a portion that stand (For the right): They rehearse the Signs of God all night long, and they prostrate themselves in adoration. They believe in God and the Last Day; they enjoin what is right, and forbid what is wrong; and they hasten (in emulation) in (all) good works: They are in the ranks of the righteous. (The Noble Quran, 3:113-114)"
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3. "And there are, certainly, among the People of the Book [Jews and Christians], those who believe in God, in the revelation to you, and in the revelation to them, bowing in humility to God: They will not sell the Signs of God for a miserable gain! For them is a reward with their Lord, and God is swift in account. (The Noble Quran, 3:199)“4. “Whoever Allah guides none can misguide, and whoever He allows falling astray, none can guide them aright. The Holy Koran is the very words of our Lord and Creator, which have been revealed for our guidance”. – The Noble Koran5. When Allah speaks – all are commanded to hear Him!
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Summary on Ten CommandmentsThe Qur’an aayaat (verses) which some scholars call the verses of the Ten Commandments, because they include ten important commandments given by Allaah to mankind. These aayaat are to be found in two passages of the Qur’an.(http://islamqa.info/en/2273)1. The first is in Soorat al-An’aam, where Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning): “Say: ‘Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited you from: Join not anything in worship with him; be good and dutiful to your parents; kill not your children because of poverty – We provide sustenance for you and for them; come not near to al-fawaahish (shameful sins, illegal sexual intercourse, etc.), whether committed openly or secretly; and kill not anyone whom Allaah has forbidden, except for a just cause (according to Islamic law). This He has commanded you that you may understand.
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2. And come not near to the orphan’s property, except to improve it, until he (or she) attains the age of full strength; and give full measure and full weight with justice. We burden not any person, but that which he can bear. And whenever you give your word (i.e., judge between men or give evidence, etc.), say the truth even if a near relative is concerned, and fulfil the Covenant of Allaah. This He commands you, that you may remember.3. And, verily, this (i.e., Allaah’s commandments mentioned in the above two verses) is my Straight Path, so follow it, and follow not (other) paths, for they will separate you away from His Path. This He has ordained for you that you may become al-muttaqoon (the pious).” [al-An’aam 6:151-153]
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4. In Soorat al-Israa’. Allaah says: “And your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him. And that you be dutiful to your parents. If one or them or both of them attain old age in your life, say not to them a word of disrespect, nor shout at them, but address them in terms of honour.5. And lower unto them the wing of submission and humility through mercy, and say: ‘My Lord! Bestow on them Your Mercy as they did bring me up when I was small.’6. Your Lord knows best what is in your inner-selves. If you are righteous, then, verily, He is ever Most-Forgiving to those who turn unto Him again and again in obedience, and in repentance.
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7. And give to the kindred his due and to the poor and to the wayfarer. But spend not wastefully (your wealth) in the manner of a spendthrift.8. Verily, spendthrifts are brothers of the shayaateen (devils), and the Shaytaan (Satan) is ever ungrateful to his Lord.9. And if you turn away from them (kindred, poor, wayfarers, etc. whom We have ordered you to give their rights, but if you have no money at the time they ask you for it) and you are awaiting a mercy from your Lord for which you hope, then, speak unto them a soft kind word (i.e., Allaah will give to me and I will give to you).
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10. And let not your hand be tied (like a miser) to your neck, not stretch it forth to its utmost reach (like a spendthrift), so that you become blameworthy and in severe poverty.11. Truly, your Lord enlarges the provision for whom He wills and straitens (for whom He wills). Verily, He is Ever All-Knower, All-Seer of His slaves.12. And kill not your children for fear of poverty. We provide for them and for you. Surely the killing of them is a great sin.13. And come not near to unlawful sexual intercourse. Verily, it is a faahishah [i.e., anything that transgresses its limits (a great sin)], and an evil way (that leads one to Hell unless Allaah forgives him).
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14. And do not kill anyone which Allaah has forbidden, except for a just cause. And whoever is killed (intentionally with hostility and aggression and not by mistake), We have given his heir the authority [to demand qisaas – Law of Equality in punishment – or to forgive, or to take Diya (blood money)]. But let him not exceed limits in the matter of taking life (i.e., he should not kill except the killer only). Verily, he is helped (by the Islamic law).15. And give full measure when you measure, and weigh with a balance that is straight. That is good (advantageous) and better in the end.
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16. And follow not (O man, i.e., say not, or do not or witness not, etc.) that of which you have no knowledge. Verily! The hearing, and the sight, and the heart, of each of those you will be questioned by Allaah.And walk not on the earth with conceit and arrogance. Verily, you can neither rend nor penetrate the earth, nor can you attain a stature like that of the mountains in height.17. All the bad aspects of these (the above mentioned things) are hateful to your Lord.
18. This is part of al-hikmah (wisdom, good manners and high character, etc.) which your Lord has inspired to you (O Muhammad). And set not up with Allaah any other ilaah (god) lest you should be thrown into Hell, blameworth
