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Introduction to Energy Management
Week/Lesson 12
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
After completing this chapter, you will be able to: Explain how facility management systems have
evolved State the differences between newer and older
technology
Relate energy management features to energy conservation
Understand, in concept, the wide range of computer software, hardware and firmware
Describe how information management features benefit the facility manager and staff
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Facility Management Systems (FMS)Computerized building automation systems
· Increase staff productivity· Reduce the structure’s energy consumption· Identify maintenance needs· Manage information
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Integrated control – distributed networks Older systems• Headend communicates with remote field gear• Headend – monitors and controls processes• Field gear – sends signals to headend
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Integrated control – distributed networks Newer systems• Direct digital control (DDC) panels• Compatible with sensors and actuators• Can interface with headends• Can operate independently
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Integrated control – distributed networks DDC panels• Custom programmed for individual needs• Multi-task devices• Network Control Units (NCU)• Network Expansion Unit (NEU)
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Communication between network devices· Coaxial cable/twisted-shielded pair· Fiber optic cable· Dedicated leased phone lines· Building electric or telephone wiring
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Small building systems Less sophisticated systems are usually desired• Smaller building or structure• Potential energy savings are small• Staff cannot devote time to learning the system
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Large facility systems More equipment can be monitored Greater distance requirements Flexible programming Sophisticated data reporting Multiple operators
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Features for optimal control Improve building efficiency Reduce electricity and power usage Managing HVAC and computer equipment Managing electric usage (timing)
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Optimal Run Time (ORT) Combine optimal start/stop times
· Optimal start timeTurning equipment on at the last possible
momentComfort is not sacrificed
· Optimal stop time (may not be permitted)
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Load rolling Turns equipment off for short periods of time Reduces overall energy consumption Minimum on/minimum off times Only shed expendable loads Do not shed deferrable loads
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Demand limiting Monitors electrical consumption Sheds loads in order to balance consumption Balanced consumption lower bills Total consumption + rate of consumption
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Economizer switchover Chooses between outside and return air• Dry bulb temperature method• Enthalpy switchover – complex but accurate • Floating switchover
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Supply Air Reset (SAR) Monitors heating and cooling loads Adjusts the discharge air temperature Highest possible cooling air temperature Lowest possible heating air temperature
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Supply water reset (chilled or hot water) Selects highest possible water temperature
(cooling) Selects lowest possible water temperature
(heating) Comfort is not sacrificed
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Condenser water reset Lowers water to its lowest possible temperature Determined by• Wet bulb temperature of entering air• Cooling load on the chiller
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Chiller sequencing Chillers run within their efficiency ranges Chillers cycle on and off as needed Chiller run time is also considered• Allows for even usage of equipment• Prolongs useful life of equipment
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Information management features Summaries• Detailed information• Specific aspects of the facility
Password • Provides security• Limited or restricted access
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Alarm reporting• Records abnormal activity• Set off audible/message alarm
Time scheduling• Program events• Light/equipment schedules
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control
Trending • Records events at time intervals• How areas are effected by processes
Totalization – records the number of times an event occurred
Graphics – provide visual representation
Advanced Technology for Effective Facility Control