INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATIONK. Moser

2015

Communication is a Process• Communication is a process of sending and receiving

messages• The messages can be

• Between two or more people• Exchanging information• Conveying information

Goals/purposes of communication• There are three major goals or purposes of

communication• Goal One: to inform- giving information to another person• Goal Two: to influence- persuading a persons behavior• Goal Three: to express feeling- explaining feelings

Components of the Communication Process

• There are three main components of the communication process: sender, message, and receiver

• All three components are present whenever there is communication.

• The sender wants to communicate something• The sender will decide what form of communication to use• Speak, Write, Send Nonverbal Signals, or Visual

Message

Components of the Communication Process

• The receiver wants to understand the senders meaning and listens, reads, or observes• The channel is the linkage between the sender and the receiver.

• Feedback is the return channel from the receiver to the sender that allows the evaluation of communication

• The message is the information that is being transmitted from sender to receiver

Five Levels of Communication

1. Self

2. One on One

3. Group

4. Public

5. Mass Media

Self Communication

•Directed to yourself• Can be called interpersonal communication

• An on going process• External communication will not be successful until you effectively communicate with yourself

One on One Communication

• Is when an individual communicates directly with another person• Can be informal (like saying hello)• Can be formal (a prepared presentation)

Group Communication

•A discussion with in groups of people• Each participant must have equal opportunity for speaking

• This form of communication mostly used in informal settings

• Example:

Public Communication

•Presentation made to groups of 20-25 participants• Includes oral presentations, press conferences, classroom situations, workshops

• In a public encounter, one person at a time has the presentational responsibility, while others act as message receivers

Mass Media Communication

• Takes place when the sender is separated from the receiver by some communication medium

• Examples: print, film, radio, or television

Effective Communication• Effective communication cannot exist if there are barriers

or interferences in the communication process• There are six major barriers that can affect

communication• The major barriers are:

• Selective Perception• Poor Listening Skills• Credibility of the Sender• Semantics• Filtering• Avoiding Details

Barriers in CommunicationSelective perception: when people block out information that they do not wish to hearAlso called selective listening

Poor listening skills: when the receiver has his or her mind on something else, or not interested in the subject, or has a poor knowledge of something

Credibility of the sender: affects how people will receive a message. If the receiver perceives the sender as insincere, a

communication barrier will exist

Barriers of CommunicationSemantics: when the same words mean entirely different

things to different people. Slang is often referred to as semantics

Filtering: manipulating the info so it is perceived as the receivers desiresThis frequently occurs in management when there are several

levels

Avoiding details: our minds usually avoid detail and cannot remember many details in a short period of time

Barriers can exist in the environment, from the sender, in the message or from the receiverAlso called interference

Interference

• Interference from the environment can be described as static

• Interference may occur from the sender if the information is inaccurate or if the sender misinterprets the receivers feedback

• Interference in the message is usually the result of sending inappropriate words, signals, or images

• Interference from the receiver is usually the result of the receivers personal opinions keeping him or her from listening or reading with an open mind

Good Leaders are Good Communicators

• Leadership is the ability to move or influence others to achieve individual and or group goals.

• All forms of communication are important when working with others• Parliamentary Procedure• Public Speaking• Group Communication• Strong Communication

Good Leaders are Good Communicators

• Parliamentary procedure is a method of conducting meetings in an orderly manner• Based of Roberts Rules of Order• Used in local, state and national government

• Public speaking is a necessity for people in leadership positions

• Group communication skills and skills used for conducting meetings are necessary to be a good leader

• Strong communication skills are utilized by people in leadership positions