Introduction to Atoms

What is matter?

• Matter is anything you can touch.• Includes– Solids– Liquids– Gases

Yes, you can touch a gas, you can feel the air molecules hitting your face when a fan is on.

Matter is made of smaller particles

How was this painted?

Small particles combine to make the larger object

How was this made? http://www.chrisjordan.com/

What do these pieces of art have to do with matter?

Like the art, matter is made of small particles

These small

particles are called

atoms

Atoms are tiny

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I

Atom• Atoms are the building blocks of all materials• An atom is made of 3 parts:– Protons and Neutrons are in the nucleus (center)– Electrons orbit around the nucleus

An atom is the smallest unit of an element

• There are 118 known elements• An element is a substance that cannot be

broken down into simpler substances.

Each element has unique physical characteristics and chemical behaviors

Each element has unique physical characteristics and chemical behaviors

Hydrogen- Clear gas- Less dense

than air- Flammable

Helium- Clear gas- Less dense

than air- Not

flammable

An atom is the smallest unit of an element that has all the physical characteristics and chemical behaviors of that element.

So how do I know what element I have?

?

The number of protons in an atom’s nucleus tells us what element it is.

No two elements have the same number of protons.

So how do I know how many protons are in an element?

Reading the Periodic Table

• The atomic number tells us how many protons are in the nucleus.

• How many protons are in aluminum?• Nitrogen?• Sulfur?• Carbon?

7

616

13

The periodic table is arranged by atomic number- smallest to largest

The element block will also include a symbol for the element

• The symbol is a short hand way of writing the element’s name

• Some elements have a single letter for their symbol

• The first letter is ALWAYS capitalized• If there is a second letter, it is ALWAYS lower

case

Element symbols and some unusual names https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p90Ug56GkcE

Review1. Everything on Earth is

made of ________ (anything you can touch)

- matter

Review

2. Matter is made of small particles called ____-Atoms

Review

3. Atoms are made of three smaller particles called _____-protons, neutron, and electrons

Review

4. An atom is the smallest unit of an ________-Element

Review

5. Each element is different, physically and chemically, because each element has a different number of ______ in its nucleus- protons

Review

6. The _______ _________ tells us how many protons are in the nucleus.

-Atomic number

Review

7. The element can be represented by a symbol. The first letter is always ______ and the second letter is always _______ ________

-capitalized-lower case

Homework-Element Gossip

• Use the atomic number given to find the element.

• Write the element symbol on the blanks (1st letter of the symbol is capitalized, 2nd (if present) is lower case.

• Then write the full name of each element.• Periodic tables can be found in your agenda

book or in the textbook inside covers.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_lNF3_30lUE