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Introduction to 5G Wireless Wireline Convergence

WWC Work Area

August 2020

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2

5G WWC - Guiding Principles

5G

Core Network

Wireline Access Network

Loose Coupling and minimal impacts

between Access Network and Core Network

Introduction

Transformation

Full Support

Smooth Migration Path

Maximize Addressable Market

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3

Guiding Principles → key decisions

▪ FN-RG support → decouple CPE roll out from 5GC upgrade, support BYOD

→ Network “vouches” for legacy CPE, uses line-ID as subscription identification

→ Minimize core changes by “proxying” UE behavior

▪ Dual mode AGF → plug anything in, get 5G out

▪ Connect to existing access kit (PON, DSL)→ AGF connects to existing TR-101/178 networks

→ Support L2 wholesale and gov’t regulated access

→ But draws a box around protocol choices

→ PPPoE for NAS and 5WE for PDU sessions

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4

High level Converged Architecture

gNodeB

e/gNodeB

wireline AN

wireline AN

MF

Data

NetworkUser

Plane

Control

Plane

Converged

5G Core Network

(3GPP R16)

Data

NetworkData

Network

RG

RG

RG

Residential Gateways

(Legacy, 5G)

UE

• Wireline Access

• Fixed Wireless Access

• Multi Access

• 5G UE behind RG

Wireline/5G

Mediation Functions

(AGF, FMIF)

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5

Convergence Scenarios

5G-RG

(Wired)(TR-124)

FN-RG

(Wired - Legacy)(TR-124)

5G

Wireline

AGF(WT-456)

5G Core

(Control

Plane,

User Plane,

Services)(3GPP TS 23.501

etc.)

Radio

Access

Network(3GPP)

5G-RG

(Hybrid Access)(TR-124)

Wireline

Access

Network(TR-101 family, TR-178)

5G-RG

(FWA)(TR-124)

FN-RG

(Wired - Legacy)(TR-124)

BNG(TR-92, TR-101, TR-178)

Home Device

Home Device

Home Device

5G

FMIF(WT-457)

DataNetwork(s)

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Key Functions and InterfacesFrom TR-470

5GC

5G-RG

AGF

BNG FMIF

UPF

TNGF

TNAP ATSSS

ATSSS

N3IWF

SMFAMF

DN

RAN N2

N3 N6

V/ Y5 A10

ACS

UE

ES

UE

ES

FN-RG

UE

ES

FN-RG U/ Y5

Ta

XX – specified by BBF

YY – specified by 3GPP

Nwu

Proxy

Proxy

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7

Wholesale Scenarios (Phase 1)

RGAccess

NodeAGF

5G

Core

5G Operator3rd Party

Access Provider

VLAN

FN-RGAccess

NodeAGF

5G

CoreLAC

LNS

L2TP

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5G RG: What’s New?

✓ Integration with 5G Core control plane based on NAS/ N1 interface

✓ Common channel for session lifecycle maintenance

✓ Multiple PDU sessions

✓ Multiplexed within a VLAN

✓ 5G Traffic policies (mapping to PDU sessions)

✓ 5G QoS

✓ Adds a level of abstraction

✓ Support for 5G Devices in the Home

✓ 5G version of TR-291

✓ TR-069/TR-181 updates to manage and operate 5G RG

✓ 5G Radio support (optional) → FWA or Hybrid Access

✓ Multi-Access support with traffic bonding and access steering

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9

Stacks 5G-RG wireline

Ethernet

PPPoE v1

PPP

VSNCP VSNPA

S

NA

S

EAPLCP

Fragmentation

5WE

IPv4

IPv6

PPP PID

Eth

ern

et

CP UP

5G devices use a common authenticated

and ciphered control channel for all

connectivity life cycle management

All 5G-RG traffic needs to get across

existing access networks

- May be 3PP operated

- Not easily amenable to new protocols

- Will block unrecognized ethertypes

- May snoop into Ethernet frames for IP

QoS information

Net result

- Existing protocols repurposed

- Ethertypes are unchanged

- Key protocol fields are where existing

ANs can find them

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Session Model (5G-RG)

Example of PDU sessions:

• Data

• Voice

• Gaming

• IoT

• Community WiFi

RG maps home traffic to specific PDU sessions based on URSP (sent by PCF) or ACS (interfaced with PCF)

In Phase 1, FN-RG does not support multi-session

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Problems and Solutions

▪ Mapping 5G QoS onto wireline traffic contracts• Addressed by the RG-LWAC information “blob”

- Per subscriber in user data repository

- Opaque to 5GC, variations exist for BBF and Cablelabs

- Contains traffic class descriptions and how 5QI map onto them

▪ Identifying FN-RG subscriptions without credentials• GLI and different trust model → option 82 info++

▪ Reduce unnecessary “packet fondling”• Co-located AGF/UPF for wireline

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BBF Documentation Style

▪ WT-470 → Rosetta Stone • Non-normative descriptions of how this all

hangs together and where things are specified

▪ TR-124i6 CPE Requirements• 5G support defined as a series of

requirements modules for a-la-carte adoption

▪ WT-456/457 AGF/FMIF requirements• Hybrid of BBF “requirements” style and

3GPP call flows illustrating BBF specifics and calling out 3GPP specs as needed

▪ WT-458 is a WIP

▪ TR-181 CPE management model• Theory of operation with a machine

compilable model definition.

12Example IPv4oE FN-RG procedure

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7

Convergence Standardization Documents

SD-407 Study on WWC

SD-420 i1 SD-420 i2

WT-456 AGF Requirements 3

TR-124 RG Specification2, 3 TR-181 Device Data Models2

WT-457 FMIF Requirements

23.716 Study on WWC

23.793 Study on ATSSS1

33.807 Study on WWC Security 33.501 Security for 5G System Architecture

23.501 / 23.502 / 23.503

TS 23.316 + 23.501 / 23.502 / 23.503 / 29.244

1 Multi Access 2 Updated issues of existing TRs 3 Requires IETF 5G WWC UP Encaps

WT-458 CUPS for AGF

2018 2019/20 (R16)

WT

-47

0 A

rch

itectu

re

Overv

iew

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14

Management Decisions

Phase 1 KISS → minimum viable product

→ High running FN-RG support cases→ Single IP session PPPoE or IPoE

→ Single access 5G-RG, either wireline or FWA

→ CPE, CPE management, AGF and overall architecture

Phase 2 → unlock value, expand addressable market, refine specifications

→ Multi-access scenarios, ATSSS, resilience, bandwidth aggregation

→ Expand FN-RG support; multi session

→ FMIF requirements to pull BNGs into the over all architecture

→ CUPS to expand deployment options

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Phase 2

▪ See 16.2 Issue List

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16

Convergence Roadmap

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Release 15 – 5G Phase 1

Release 16 – 5G Phase 2

Release 17

Joint

BBF/3GPP

Workshop

WWC StudySD-407

WWC 16.1WT-456, WT-470, TR-124i6, TR-181

WWC Studies WWC Specs

Functional

Freeze

IETF 5WE

WWC 16.2WT-456bis, WT-470bis,

TR-124i7, TR-181, WT-

457, WT-458

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Document References

BBF (Members only - Requires login/password. Sign up here https://organizer.broadband-forum.org/users/sign_up)

SD-407 Study on 5G WWC https://issues.broadband-forum.org/browse/CONTRIB-20777

WT-456 AGF Requirements https://issues.broadband-forum.org/browse/CONTRIB-21155

WT-457 FMIF Requirements https://issues.broadband-forum.org/browse/CONTRIB-21169

WT-458 AGF CUPS https://issues.broadband-forum.org/browse/CONTRIB-21163

WT-470 WWC Architectural Overview TBD

MD-427 Convergence White Paper https://www.broadband-forum.org/marketing/download/mktgdocs/MR-427.pdf (PUBLIC)

MD-464 5G Migration of Fixed Access White Paper https://wiki.broadband-forum.org/display/BBF/MD-464+Migrating+Fixed+Access+to+5G+core

RG related Wiki https://wiki.broadband-forum.org/display/BBF/5G+Working+Text+Workspace

Wiki for 5G project stream (includes minutes of meetings) https://wiki.broadband-forum.org/display/BBF/5G+Project+Stream

IETF 5G FMC UP Encapsulation https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-allan-5g-fmc-encapsulation-00

3GPP

23.501 System Architecture of 5GS https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx?specificationId=3144#

23.502 Procedures for 5GS https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx?specificationId=3145#

23.716 Study on WWC https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx?specificationId=3249#

23.316 WWC access in 5GS https://portal.3gpp.org/desktopmodules/Specifications/SpecificationDetails.aspx?specificationId=3576#

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Getting Involved at BBF

Quarterly Meetings

• Q3 ‘20 – August 31 – September 3

• Q4 ‘20 – December 8-11

• Q1 ‘21 – March 22-25

• Q2 ‘21 – June 7-10

WWC Biweekly Calls

• Every 2nd Thursday between f2f meetings

• 10am to 12pm EST / NY Time

• Zoom web meeting

https://wiki.broadband-forum.org/display/BBF/WWC+Calendar

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Thank You.

19

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5G WWC Phases*

Phase 1 - “16.1” Phase 2 - “16.2” Evolution

Q2-2020 Q4-2020 2021+

Wireline Integration in 5G Core

• AGF and 5G-RG requirements

• Migration based on FN-RG support on AGF (line-id based

state machine) and co-existence with BNG (per VLAN)

• Wholesale

• 3rd party access networks via Ethernet or L2TP

• Co-located and external UPF

• NAS and AS Transport – 5WE over 1:1 VLAN

• Multiple PDU session support

• AAA, Security

• Procedures / call flows for 5G-RG and FN-RG

• SUPI for FN-RG based on Global Line ID

• QoS (QFI/RQI) and provisioning (RG-LWAC for AGF/DL

and 5G-RG/UL), Slicing

• 5G-RG management and Policy coordination PCF/ ACS

(URSP support) – Data model extensions

5G Fixed Wireless Access

• RG requirements

• IPv4/IPv6 Addressing

• IPTV (multicast on RG), QoS and Policies

Wireline Integration Enhancements

• Wholesale

• Other models (e.g. retailers on N9 side - TBD)

• Multi-session per FN-RG (AGF adaptive case)

• VLAN user plane delineation for 5G-RG

• IPTV (multicast)

Multi-Access (Hybrid Access): Wireline + 5G Radio or LTE

• Single-access PDUs with handover wireline ↔ wireless

• Multi-access PDU, ATSSS

• 5G-RG requirements

• Co-located UPF requirements

5G capable UEs behind RG (5G-RG, FN-RG)

• TNAP support in RG, TNGF

• TBD: Ta interface specification

FMIF: interworking function between BNG and 5GC

AGF CUPS

• Functional split AGF-C/ AGF-U

• PFCP IEs for WWC (build on TR-459)

• Support of CUPS for co-located UPF

Maintenance for Phase 1

Candidate Use cases for 5G Project

Stream (WWC and Other):

• Services for devices in the home

• Community Wi-Fi

• Business/ Enterprise 5G Convergence

• Non-public networks

• 5G LAN

• Network slicing enhancements

• Edge cloud (deployment of AGF at

edge)

• Network analytics

• 5G broadcast/multicast

• Service Based Architecture for AGF

Maintenance for 2020 specifications

5G WWC Reference implementation

TR-470 - 5G WWC Architecture

TR-456 - AGF Requirements

TR-124i6 - Requirements for RG

TR-181i2a14 – Device DM for TR-069

TR-470i2 - 5G WWC Architecture

TR-456i2 - AGF Requirements

TR-124i7 - Requirements for RG

TR-181i2aX - Device DM for TR-069

TR-457 - FMIF Requirements

TR-458 - CUPS for WWC Functions

TBD

* Current plan of intend – subject to changes

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Combined AGF-UPF

21

AGF

UPF1

UPF2N3 N6

N9

gNB

RG

N3

N6

UPF3N6

❹

❸❷

❶

❶

❶

❷

❸

❹

N2 N4 N4

N4

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Data-Plane and QoS (Downstream)

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Data-Plane and QoS (Upstream)

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Hybrid Access

▪ Single Access PDU Sessions w/ Handover

▪ Multi Access PDU Sessions (ATSSS)

NG-RAN, E-UTRAN (EPC IWK)

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Global Line Identifier (GLI)

Role:

• User Location Information (ULI)

• Subscription identifier for FN-RG (SUPI/SUCI)

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RG-LWAC

• RG-Level Wireline Access Characteristics

• Applies to both 5G-RG and FN-RG use cases

• Sent by AMF to AGF during Registration to program wireline QoS

• Part of it is communicated to 5G-RG for upstream QoS (N/A for FN-RG)

• AGF enforces downstream QoS based of combination of RG-LWAC and local QoS profile

• TLV based encoding defined by BBF – see WT-470

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Migration: Line Id based State Machine on AGF

A:

Unknown

C: 5G-RG B: FN-RG

1

2 3

4

5

6

Class of CPE

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Data plane for 5G-RG

L1

L2

UDP/IP

GTP-U

PDU Layer

Application

Relay

L1

L2

UDP/IP

GTP-U

L1

L2

UDP/IP

GTP-U

PDU Layer

L1

L2

UDP/IP

GTP-U

Relay

5G-RG AGF UPF UPF(PDU Session Anchor)

N3 N9 N6

L1

L2

802.1Q

5WE5WE

L1

L2

802.1Q

V

Assumes 1:1 VLAN

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Data plane for FN-RG

Wireline UP Protocol Layers

L1

Wireline UP protocol Layers

L2

UDP/IP

GTP-U

IP Session

Application

L1

L2

UDP/IP

GTP-U

L1

L2

UDP/IP

GTP-U

PDU Layer

L1

L2

UDP/IP

GTP-U

Relay

FN-RG AGF UPF UPF(PDU Session Anchor)

N3 N9 N6

PDU LayerIP Session Relay

V

Supports DHCP and IPoE models

1:1 and N:1 VLANs are supported

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Control Plane for 5G-RG During Registration

AGF AMFN25G-RG

NAS

V

NG-AP

SCTP

IP

L2

L1

NAS

NG-AP

SCTP

IP

L2

L1

EAP-5G

PPP

PPPoE

802.1Q 802.1Q

PPPoE

PPP

EAP-5G

L2 L2

L1 L1

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Control Plane for 5G-RG After Authentication

AGF AMFN25G-RG

NAS

V

NG-AP

SCTP

IP

L2

L1

NAS

NG-AP

SCTP

IP

L2

L1

VSNP(NAS and/or AS

TLV)

PPP

PPPoE

802.1Q 802.1Q

PPPoE

PPP

L2 L2

L1 L1

VSNP(NAS and/or AS

TLV)

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Control Plane for FN-RG

AGF AMFN2FN-RG

Wireline

CP

Protocol

Layers

Wireline

CP

Protocol

Layers

NAS

V

NG-AP

SCTP

IP

L2

L1

NAS

NG-AP

SCTP

IP

L2

L1

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FN-RG Attachment (e.g. DHCPv4)

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FN-RG Registration Management

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FN-RG Service Request Procedure

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FN-RG PDU Session Initiation

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5G RG Registration

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5G-RG Service Request

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5G-RG PDU Session Establishment

5G-RG AGF-UP AGF-CP 5GCAN

1

4

Determine UP resources needed

5

2

3

N2 PDU SessionResource

Setup Resp

Step 7 in 3GPP TS 23.316

Section 7.3.1.1

VSNP Channel Open

7

6

VSNP NAS (PDU SessionEstablishment Request)N2 uplink NAS(PDU Session

Est. Req)

Step 2a in 3GPP TS 23.316

Section 7.3.1.1

N2 PDU SessionResource

Setup Request

VSNP AS ACK

VSNP AS Session parameters and VSNP NAS (PDU Session Establishment Accept)

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Acronyms

AGF 5G Access Gateway Function

ATSSS Access Traffic Steering, Switching & Splitting

CUPS Control and User Plane Separation

FMIF Fixed Mobile Interworking Function

5G-RG 5G Residential Gateway

FN-RG Fixed Network Residential Gateway

NG RAN Next Generation / 5G Radio Access Network

NAS Non Access Stratum

PDU Protocol Data Unit

UE User Equipment

W-AN Wireline Access Network

WWC Wireline Wireless Convergence

5FE 5G FMC User Plane Encapsulation Protocol

40