INTRODUCTION - PreventionWeb...They are GRIP’s adopted mechanism to generate knowledge and support the programme’s objective of ensuring that improved risk information is incorporated

Printed in June 2009Copyright © 2009 UNDP-GRIPGRIP is hosted by the United Nations Development Programme.The information and opinions expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of UNDP.

INTRODUCTION

Global Risk identification PRoGRamme - seRvice PackaGe

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GRIP isGRIP is a multi-stakeholder initiative that directly aligns with the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA)’s Priority for Action 2: risk identification, assessment and monitoring. Although hosted by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) the GRIP’s structure is inherently multi-stakeholder, as it is a set of harmonized activities contributing to commonly-agreed-upon objectives. Dozens of organizations have been involved in its preparation, design and implementation. GRIP’s programme design is a reflection of the information and support needs identified by the risk identification community. As one of the key thematic platforms for the implementation of the HFA by the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) system, the programme was officially launched in 2007 at the 1st session of the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction and has been adopted by the ISDR system to support worldwide activities to identify and monitor disaster risk.

Goals and objectivesGRIP aims to promote sustainable development by reducing the impact of natural hazards in high-risk areas. Its specific objec-tives are to improve disaster risk information and understanding and to increase their use in decision making processes. With the mission of providing “better risk information for sound decision making”, GRIP coordinates the generation of evidence-based risk information and facilitates its applications to improve the quality of policies, regulations and investments at all levels.

What GRIP doesIn the design, selection and implementation of its activities, GRIP identifies the following 3 pillars to fulfill its mission:

Capacity development ‣ GRIP requires capacity development to be one of the main objectives of every GRIP initiative in order to ensure sustainability of risk assessment activities;

Evidence-based information and baselines ‣GRIP promotes and supports the generation of evidence-based risk information and the establishment of baselines. These are essential inputs to set priorities to risk reduction processes, identify the most effective measures, set realistic and measurable goals and monitor progress;

Monitoring and evaluation ‣The continuous update of disaster risk information is the way to measure the effectiveness of risk reduction strategies. GRIP assists in the establishment of monitoring and evaluation mechanisms at all levels.

GRIP project activities fall into 5 outcome areas:

Capacity development ‣GRIP works to develop local capacity at every level (regional, national, local, community) to undertake risk assessments and apply their results. Activities include the development and promotion of standards and norms, provision of training in disaster risk analysis, development of an interactive learning-by-doing environment and associated learning opportunities, and the establishment of knowledge-generation communities of practice;

Loss data enhancement ‣ GRIP works to expand and improve the documentation of disaster related losses, which is necessary both to conduct risk assessments and to measure progress towards the HFA goal – the substantial reduction of disaster losses. Activities include developing tools and standards for damage and loss assessment and the systematic organization of disaster data into global, regional, and national databases;

Risk information improvement ‣Working with governments and local institutions as key partners and supported by international agencies as appropriate, GRIP coordinates the generation of evidence-based risk information and facilitates its applications to policies, decisions and investments at all levels. Activities in high-risk countries are designed to strengthen institutions, establish national risk information systems and facilitate the incorporation of risk information in the design of national risk reduction strategies and action plans. GRIP’s support to these countries focuses on the development of local capacities;

Demonstration countries ‣GRIP has selected three countries ̶ Mozambique, Sri Lanka and Ecuador ̶ to demonstrate that information on disaster risks and losses can be applied to improve risk management decisions and development outcomes. Demonstrations are undertaken with the explicit understanding that a multi-stakeholder client base agrees to participate and intends to use the risk analyses to inform the identified priority policies, plans and decisions;

Monitoring and evaluation ‣Risk analyses generated through GRIP will be compiled into a periodically issued Global Risk Update. This update, which will be widely distributed, will contribute to a common understanding of disaster risk patterns and their causes globally. With each iteration, the risk update will be increasingly based on high resolution analyses contributed by local, regional, and national partners.


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GovernanceLed and hosted by UNDP, GRIP is governed and implemented jointly by six key, not mutually exclusive parties: a Programme Steering Committee (PSC), a coordinating team, expert working groups, implementing partners, regional technical support centres, and a number of thematic communities of practice.

Programme steering committee (PSC) Formed by representatives of international organizations, governments and development banks, it provides direction, guidance and advice to the programme coordinating team. Besides overseeing the programme preparation and implementation, PSC member organizations contribute technical and financial resources to GRIP and provide guidance on strategies to integrate programme outputs into decision making processes in high-risk areas.

Coordinating teamMostly composed of UNDP staff, it supports GRIP’s core activities and coordinates programme implementation. It assists implementing partners with synchronizing their efforts and supporting each other to achieve more than each partner would acting alone.

Expert working groups They ensure technical soundness of programme activities in both disaster risk assessment and loss data collection. Working in close collaboration with the coordinating team, they are key players in the development of methodologies, standards and applications of disaster risk assessments and loss data analyses.

Implementing partners They are the authorities, institutions, agencies and individuals directly in charge of the implementation of GRIP’s projects. They work in close collaboration with the coordinating team and, through the programme structure, interact with each other to share experiences and best practices. Implementing partners ensure that GRIP projects’ design and implementation follow a common framework. UNDP Country and Regional Offices are among the implementing partners.

Regional Technical Support Centres (RTSCs) They are networks of prestigious academic institutions and centres of excellence that have been selected and have agreed to assist with the programme implementation. The RTSCs provide training on the risk assessment methodologies developed or adopted by GRIP, as well as technical support to the projects being implemented in their region. Additionally, RTSCs are directly involved in the development of GRIP’s knowledge products.

Thematic communities of practice (COPs)They are GRIP’s adopted mechanism to generate knowledge and support the programme’s objective of ensuring that improved risk information is incorporated in sound decision making. They are composed of experts and practitioners who are interested in developing their own capacity and willing to contribute to the development of knowledge products such as standards, methodologies, tools, training packages and quality control mechanisms in the area of risk identification.

Members of the programme steering committee


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Service linesGRIP is essentially a decision support and capacity development programme in the field of disaster risk assessment. There are two types of GRIP clients in terms of their different scope of work and technical support needs. One is the decision makers and technical professionals primarily from disaster-prone countries. While national authorities at different levels (local, provincial, national, or regional) need to articulate specific needs for risk information and make decisions based on risk understanding, technical professionals need to be able to provide the technical skills required to undertake risk assessments and apply their results. GRIP’s implementation promotes close collaboration between local authorities and technical experts. The second client base, generally not country specific, includes institutions and individuals who look for evidence-based risk information and professional advice for programming and policy making and for developing their risk assessment capacities.

Services to the countries Provided through a comprehensive risk assessment package to be implemented by local institutions, they include:

National Disaster Observatories ‣ Sustainable institution for the systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of disaster loss data;

National Risk Assessments ‣Multi-hazard assessment to have a clear idea of magnitude, distribution, characteristics, causes and possible mitigation options of current risk;

Urban Risk Assessments ‣Identification of the magnitude, distribution, characteristics, causes and possible mitigation options of risks faced by urban areas in a country.

To implement these services, GRIP’s Regional Technical Support Centres team with UNDP’s network of Country Offices, Regional Disaster Reduction Advisors (RDRA), and National Disaster Reduction Advisors (NDRA) to provide the countries with the following assistance:

Appropriate methodologies and tools and associated technical support; ‣Coordination and overview for the implementation of risk assessment activities; ‣Trainings on risk assessment and its application; ‣Technical advice on decision/policy making based on risk understanding; ‣Interaction with other countries implementing similar projects; ‣Access to financial support. ‣

Services to the international community Delivered through three thematic service portals of GRIPweb (the GRIP website), they include:

The Risk Informer ‣ To support integration and generation of risk information;

The Disaster Analyst ‣ To support the collection and analysis of disaster loss data;

The Capacity Developer ‣ To support the strengthening of risk assessment knowledge and skills.

NATIONAL DISASTER OBSERVATORY


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This service is designed to provide technical guidance and training with the following specific objectives: To produce a comprehensive National Disaster Profile; ‣To establish a National Disaster Observatory (NDO); ‣To develop the capacity for disaster analysis at both national and local levels; ‣To strengthen the national disaster risk reduction system as a whole. ‣

This service is delivered jointly by the coordination team, the Regional Technical Support Centres and the UNDP country offices.

PurposeThe purpose of a National Disaster Observatory is to systematically collect and analyse information on disasters and their associated losses and create an evidence base to support the formulation or revision of national disaster risk reduction strategies, action plans or programmes, and contingency plans.

Main activities

Team building and trainingTo hold a 5-day training workshop on NDO conception, methodology and tools, and its applications; ‣

Systematic collection of historic loss dataTo collect historic loss data dating back to the past several decades; ‣To store all the data in a disaster loss database. ‣

Preliminary loss analysisTo analyze the causes and distribution of disaster losses; ‣To identify trends and patterns of historic losses. ‣

Registration of disaster eventsTo report and register disaster events whenever they occur; ‣To keep the disaster loss database up-to-date. ‣

Capacity building at local levelTo train local disaster observers to use the collecting and analytical tools; ‣To build a countrywide disaster monitoring mechanism. ‣

Advanced disaster loss analysisTo create a comprehensive country disaster profile; ‣To generate vulnerability and recovery functions. ‣

Applications to disaster risk reduction strategy and contingency plansTo identify disaster-prone areas as well as characteristics, causes and driving factors of disasters; ‣To set up priorities for disaster risk reduction actions; ‣To prepare plausible disaster scenarios for contingency plans at different levels. ‣

National networks of observers, international integrationThe activities of a National Disaster Observatory are based on a disaster loss database, a set of records each describing the effects of a catastrophic event in the country. It is created researching media and government reports, based on a rigorous framework of standards, to ideally cover at least the last 3 decades. It is updated any time a new hazardous event produces losses in the country, which are reported by a nationwide network of observers.Data are collected with a high level of geographic resolution, providing precise and valuable information for planning processes. Disaggregation by social and institutional variables is also possible, allowing for a better understanding of relative impacts and vulnerabilities of women, elder and children or other ethnically, socially and economically weak groups.The databases are online, publicly accessible and interoperable. GRIP supports standardization and coordination among databases in different countries in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of cross-border, multinational events and facilitate regional analyses.


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Outcomes and applications

A well established National Disaster Observatory A NDO is a sustainable institution for the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of disasters and their associated losses and impacts.

Development of vulnerability and recovery functionsA comprehensive set of vulnerability and recover functions is a crucial input to risk assessment at different levels.

Calibration and validation of risk assessmentsThe characteristics and distribution of historic losses can provide inputs to calibrate risk models and validate the results of risk assessment.

Inputs to National Risk Reduction StrategyDisaster data analysis allows for a better definition of goals, priorities and structure of risk reduction measures in the country, by highlighting distribution and causes of disaster losses.

Monitoring of disaster risk reduction effectivenessTrends in disaster severity and patterns provide the most immediate measure of the effectiveness of disaster risk reduction measures.

Implementation planIn general, it requires 24 months to complete the process of establishing a National Disaster Observatory for the first time. The duration can be shorter or longer, depending on the availability of data, the capacity of the implementation team, and the efficiency of coordination and governance.

activities months 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Team building and trainingdata validation workshop

Collection of historic loss data

Preliminary loss analysis

Registration of disaster eventsloss analysis workshop

Capacity building at local level

Advanced disaster loss analysisapplications for risk reduction workshop

Applications for risk reduction


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Implementation teamThe establishment of a National Disaster Observatory is a multi-disciplinary process unavoidably involving different stakeholders. In terms of relevant roles and duties in the process, the implementation team involved in establishing a NDO can generally be divided into 4 groups: programme coordination team, advisory committees, working group, and implementing partners.

Coordination teamComposed of a programme coordinator and a technical coordinator at a minimum, it is in charge of overall project implementation. It can be a prestigious national technical institution supporting the national agency in charge of disaster risk management.

Advisory committees Technical advisory committee (TAC) and national advisory committee (NAC). TAC provides technical advice on the various aspects of disaster loss collection and analysis and their applications, and revises the project for technical accuracy. NAC provides overall guidance and advice on long-term project planning, project priorities, visibility to the project and ownership promotion, functioning as a programme steering committee as well. In general, TAC is composed of a task force of universities, research institutes, and professional associations, whereas the members of NAC include representatives from relevant ministries, local authorities, civil society and private sector.

Working group Composed of a group leader, disaster analysts and observers, it is in charge of systematically collecting and compiling historical disaster loss data, controlling and ensuring the data quality, registering disaster events, analyzing disaster data and developing possible applications.

Implementing partners They are the agencies and institutions that keep and/or provide information on disaster events and their associated losses that will contribute in the establishment of the National Disaster Observatory. Besides providing basic data, they also play a key role in the review and validation of the results, the calibration of methodologies, and the application and presentation of the results.

Programme coordinator

National disaster risk management authority (or equivalent institution).

NationalDisaster

Observatory

Technical coordinator

Technical institution or group of risk management experts.

Technical advisory committee

Task force from universities, re-search institutes, professional as-

sociations, GRIP.

National advisory committee

Representatives from Ministries, Lo-cal Authorities, the private sector.

Working group

Group leader, observer, and disaster analysts.

Implementing partners

Health, education, energy, services, urban planning, financial sector.

NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT


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This service is designed to provide technical guidance and training with the following specific objectives:To produce a comprehensive multi-hazard National Risk Profile; ‣To establish a National Risk Information System (NRIS); ‣To develop the capacity for risk assessment at both national and local levels; ‣To strengthen the national disaster risk reduction system as a whole. ‣

This service is delivered jointly by the coordination team, the Regional Technical Support Centres and the UNDP Country Offices.

PurposeThe purpose of a National Risk Assessment is to create an evidence-based understanding of the magnitude, characteristics, spatial distribution, causes and possible mitigation options of disaster risks. This understanding of risk is a critical input in the formulation or revision of national disaster risk reduction strategies and associated action plans or programmes.

Main activities

Comprehensive country situation assessmentTo inventory and evaluate existing studies, data, and national capability as well as national disaster risk reduction ‣practices;

To identify needs, gaps, and required support; ‣To identify information needs and requirements from stakeholders; ‣To establish the scope and context of national risk assessment. ‣

Hazard assessmentTo create a comprehensive national hazard profile; ‣To delineate all hazard-prone areas of the country; ‣To build plausible hazard and event scenarios; ‣To map out all hazard zones at different scales. ‣

Exposure assessmentTo identify and categorize the elements at risk (e.g. population, buildings, critical facilities, livelihoods, and net- ‣worked infrastructure);

To build geospatial surface models for relevant elements at risk; ‣To identify the exposure of elements at risk. ‣

Damage state assessmentTo build a comprehensive set of vulnerability functions for relevant elements at risk; ‣To assess the damage state of the targeted elements at risk in terms of hazard scenarios. ‣

Risk estimation and profiling To estimate potential losses at an appropriate level of resolution; ‣To analyze the socio-economic impacts of the identified risks; ‣To present the results in an easy-to-understand way (e.g. table, curve, matrix, map). ‣

Identification of high-risk areasTo identify high-risk areas in terms of different criteria, (e.g. by hazard or by sector); ‣To identify possible risk reduction measures for each high-risk area. ‣

Formulation or revision of national disaster risk reduction strategyTo set up priorities for risk reduction; ‣To allocate the resources available; ‣To initiate disaster risk reduction programmes. ‣


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A well structured National Risk Information System (NRIS)Information collected in the preparation of the National Risk Assessment is integrated to build a NRIS, which is an institutionalized information system that supports dynamic national risk assessment for all types of decision making.

A well established national capacity for risk assessmentBoth national institutions and individual professionals have a good understanding of risk theory and a comprehensive set of technical skills and expertise necessary for conducting major hazard risk assessments of the country.

An evidence-based national risk reduction strategyA national disaster risk reduction strategy is a programmatic document that sets up goals, priorities, road maps, and corresponding institutional and financial arrangements for overall national disaster risk reduction.

Strengthening of the national disaster risk reduction system The process leading to the production of a National Risk Assessment and to the creation of the Risk Information System requires all the major risk management actors in the country to work closely together, generating arrangements, partnerships and collaborations that can prove precious to increase the effectiveness of the following risk reduction process.

Implementation planIt requires about 24 months to complete the implementation of a National Risk Assessment for the first time. The duration can be shorter or longer, depending on the availability of data, the capacity of the risk assessment team, and the efficiency of coordination and governance.

activities months 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Country situation assessmenthazard analysis workshop

Hazard assessment

Exposure assessment

Damage state assessmentrisk assessment workshop

Risk estimation and profiling

Identification of high-risk areasresults presentation workshop

Risk reduction strategy


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Implementation teamA National Risk Assessment is a multi-disciplinary process unavoidably involving different stakeholders. Its implementation requires an extensive participation of various parties at stake, in particular decision/policy makers, who are the most immediate users of the risk assessment results. In terms of relevant roles and duties in the process, the implementation team of a national risk assessment can generally be divided into 4 groups: programme coordination team, advisory committees, risk assessment team, and implementing partners.

Coordination teamComposed of a programme coordinator from the government or the national agency in charge of disaster risk management and a technical coordinator from a prestigious national technical institution, at a minimum. It is in charge of overall project implementation.

Advisory committees Technical advisory committee (TAC) and national advisory committee (NAC). TAC provides technical advice on risk assessment and its applications and revises the project for technical accuracy. NAC provides overall guidance and advice on long-term project planning, project priorities, visibility to the project and ownership promotion, functioning as a programme steering committee as well. In general, TAC is composed of a task force of universities, research institutes, and professional associations, whereas the members of NAC include representatives from relevant ministries, local authorities, civil society, and the private sector.

Risk assessment team Composed of a group of disaster risk management experts, hazard specialists, structural engineers, economists, social scientists, and information analysts, it is responsible for the implementation of all project activities. To ensure the sustainability of National Risk Assessment, it is highly recommended that the risk assessment team be built with a long-term vision.

Implementing partners They are the agencies and institutions that keep and/or provide information needed for the national risk assessment and the establishment of the National Risk Information System. Besides providing basic data, they also play a key role in the review and validation of the results, the calibration of methodologies, and the application and presentation of the results.


National disaster risk management authority (or equivalent institution).

NationalRisk

Assessment





sociations, GRIP.

National advisory committee

Representatives from Ministries, Lo-cal Authorities, the private sector.

Risk assessment team

Risk management experts, hazard specialists, engineers, social scien-

tists, economists.



URBAN RISK ASSESSMENT


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This service is designed to provide technical guidance and training with the following specific objectives:To produce a comprehensive multi-hazard Urban Risk Profile; ‣To establish an Urban Risk Information System (URIS); ‣To develop the capacity for risk assessment at local level; ‣To strengthen the urban disaster risk reduction system as a whole. ‣

This service is delivered jointly by the coordination team, the Regional Technical Support Centres and the UNDP country offices.

PurposeThe purpose of an Urban Risk Assessment is to create an evidence-based understanding of the magnitude, characteristics, spatial distribution, causes and possible mitigation options of disaster risks in an urban area. This understanding of risk is a critical input in the formulation or revision of city disaster risk reduction strategies, action plans, and contingency plans.

Main activities

Preparation of the projectTo identify and establish the coordination team, working groups, and advisory groups; ‣To collect and compile data from different sources; ‣To hold a kick-off meeting to raise awareness among the community and bring all the potential stakeholders on ‣board.

Hazard assessmentTo identify all major hazards prevailing in the city and its surroundings; ‣To build plausible event scenarios for relevant hazards; ‣To map out the spatial distribution of hazard event severity. ‣

Exposure assessmentTo identify the exposure of population and physical structures to hazard events. ‣

Vulnerability assessmentTo develop vulnerability functions for exposed physical structures and population; ‣To build realistic damage and impact scenarios; ‣To consult with relevant stakeholders to validate the developed damage and impact scenarios. ‣

Disaster risk management planningTo assess the current level of risk management and disaster preparedness; ‣To formulate risk management activities, implementation strategy, and institutional arrangements; ‣To develop urban disaster risk reduction action plan and contingency plans for relevant risk and disaster scenarios; ‣To consult and communicate with relevant authorities to take decisions and put them into practice, and with the pub- ‣lic to raise awareness.


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A well structured Urban Risk Information System (URIS)Information collected in the preparation of the Urban Risk Assessment is integrated to build an URIS, which is an institutionalized information system that supports dynamic risk assessment for all types of decision making and urban planning.

A well established local capacity for risk assessmentBoth urban institutions and individual professionals have a good understanding of risk theory and a set of technical skills and expertise necessary for conducting major hazard risk assessments of the city.

Formulation or revision of an urban risk reduction strategyAn urban disaster risk reduction strategy is a programmatic document that sets up the goal, priorities, road map, and corresponding institutional and financial arrangements for overall urban disaster risk reduction.

Development of an urban contingency plan A contingency plan is a programmatic document that provides emergency managers with comprehensive guidance for their response to expected disasters in an effective and efficient manner.

Incorporation of risk management into urban planningThe results of the risk assessment process should be used by local authorities and decision-makers to protect the sustainability of their investments, to avoid the creation of new risk through uninformed development decisions.

Strengthening of the urban disaster risk reduction system The process leading to the production of an Urban Risk Assessment and to the creation of the Urban Risk Information System requires all the major risk management actors in the city to work closely together, generating arrangements, partnerships and collaborations that can prove precious to increase the effectiveness of the following risk reduction process.

Implementation planIn general, about 18 months are required to complete the implementation of an Urban Risk Assessment for the first time. The duration can be shorter or longer, depending on the availability of data, the capacity of the risk assessment team, and the efficiency of coordination and governance.

activities months 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Preparation of the project

Hazard assessment

Exposure assessment

Vulnerability assessment

Disaster risk management planning


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Implementation teamAn Urban Risk Assessment is a multi-disciplinary process unavoidably involving different stakeholders. Its implementation requires an extensive participation of various parties at stake, in particular city decision/policy makers, who are the most immediate users of the risk assessment results. In terms of relevant roles and duties in the process, the implementation team of a national risk assessment can generally be divided into 4 groups: programme coordination team, advisory committees, risk assessment team, and implementing partners.

Coordination teamIt is composed of a programme coordinator from the city government or the local agency in charge of disaster risk management and a technical coordinator from a prestigious national technical institution, at a minimum. The coordination team is in charge of overall project implementation.

Advisory committees Technical advisory committee (TAC) and urban advisory committee (UAC). TAC provides technical advice on risk assessment and its applications and revises the project for technical accuracy. UAC provides overall guidance and advice on long-term project planning, project priorities, visibility to the project and ownership promotion, functioning as a programme steering committee as well. In general, TAC is composed of a task force of universities, research institutes, and professional associations, whereas the members of UAC include representatives from relevant municipal agencies, civil society, and the private sector.

Risk assessment team Composed of a group of disaster risk management experts, hazard specialists, structural engineers, economists, social scientists, and information analysts, it is responsible for the implementation of all project activities. To ensure the sustainability of Urban Risk Assessment, it is highly recommended that the risk assessment team be built with a long-term vision.

Implementing partners They are the agencies and institutions that keep and/or provide information needed for the local risk assessment and the establishment of the Urban Risk Information System. Besides providing basic data, they also play a key role in the review and validation of the results, the calibration of methodologies, and the application and presentation of the results.


Local disaster management authority (or equivalent institution).

UrbanRisk

Assessment





sociations, GRIP.

Urban advisory committee

Representatives from municipal agencies, civil society,

the private sector.

Risk assessment team

Risk management experts, hazard specialists, engineers, social scien-

tists, economists.



GRIPweb - SERVICES TO THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY


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The Disaster Analyst

The Disaster Analyst is an online data and information system that provides basic information on disasters losses. Besides supplying technical support and information services to the international disaster risk reduction community, the Disaster Analyst also functions as a public platform to share knowledge, skills and experience in collecting historic loss data, establishing disaster observatories and applying disaster knowledge in decision making.With the support of a dedicated Community of Practice, the Disaster Analyst delivers the following main services:

Information services that support building country and regional disaster profiles; ‣Technical support for the collection and analysis of disaster loss data, establishment of Disaster Observatories and ‣applications in disaster risk reduction practices;

Generation of new knowledge and methodologies. ‣

Components

Catalogue (DisDat)An online information system for inventorying disaster loss databases at all levels (global, regional, national, and local). It provides a comprehensive catalogue of existing disaster databases including standardized information on contents, covered time period, major data sources, contact information, and links to access the data.

Disaster profile A characterization of the disasters a country or region has experienced within a given timeframe. It describes systematically the disasters and losses in terms of characteristics, severity, spatial/temporal distribution, and causality. Analytical functions, such as basic statistical and time-series analyses, are available to facilitate the production of essential facts about disasters.

Disaster update A series of analytical functions to track changes in disaster characteristics, trends and patterns, and to identify the driving factors of those changes. Findings and results of these analyses will be communicated through a regular reporting mechanism.

Disaster Observatories network (DO-net)A public platform for the community of countries and institutions around the world implementing Disaster Observatories (DOs). Here, they can exchange knowledge, skills, experiences, good practices, and lessons learned in building Disaster Observatories. It is also a platform for the DO community to work together on standards and protocols, quality control mechanisms, interoperability, and data visualization.

Applications A repository of tools, guidelines, methodologies, and examples on the applications of disaster analyses in the areas of risk assessment, disaster risk management, strategic development planning, programming, policy making, and disaster risk reduction monitoring.

Data sources A comprehensive online gateway to major sources of disaster loss data such as ECLAC, OCHA, IFRC, NGOs, media archives, and others. Through the necessary institutional arrangements, this gateway provides access to past disaster data from multiple information systems. Powerful searching functions let users find information on past disasters available in several sites and integrate it using appropriate criteria.


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The Risk Informer

The Risk Informer is an online system to provide basic information on risks and risk baselines that can be applied to disaster risk reduction activities. Besides providing technical support and information services to the international risk reduction community, the Risk Informer also serves as a public platform for sharing knowledge, skills and experiences in conducting risk assessments, establishing Risk Information Systems (RISs), and applying risk knowledge to decision/policy making. It has been designed as a self–supporting system under GRIP coordination and facilitation.Built on a strong and extensive partnership among various stakeholders and supported by a dedicated Community of Practice, the Risk Informer delivers the following main services:

Information services that support building country and regional risk profiles; ‣Technical support for the collection and integration of risk information, establishment of Risk Information Systems ‣and applications in disaster risk reduction practices;

Generation of new knowledge and methodologies. ‣

Components

Country factsheets A compilation of country profiles built on available risk information. It includes a methodology to perform country situation analyses that allows for the preparation of comprehensive catalogues of risk assessment studies and the compilation of information on data availability, institutional capacity, legal framework, and national risk reduction practices. Country factsheets provide essential baselines in terms of the current status of risk assessment, opportunities and challenges, existing local capacities (both technical and institutional), support needs, etc. These are major inputs to:

Delineate national risk assessment programs and implementation strategies; ‣Establish institutional and legal frameworks for national risk assessments and management; ‣Engage all stakeholders in national risk reduction activities. ‣

Risk profile A snapshot of the risk a place or a region faces within a given timeframe, described in terms of potential losses and probability of their occurrence. Comprehensive risk profiles may also include impacts, categorization and relative priority of the risks as well as the identification of acceptable levels of risk, high-risk areas/hotspots and risk reduction measures. Risk profiles are presented at different scales (global, regional, national and local) considering the different scopes of application.

Risk update A series of analytical functions to track changes in risk characteristics, trends and patterns, and evaluate the effectiveness of risk reduction activities. Findings and results of these analyses are communicated through regular reporting mechanisms.

Risk Information System network (RIS-net) A public platform for the community of countries and institutions around the world that are developing Risk Information Systems (RISs) based on risk assessments. Here, they can exchange knowledge, skills, experiences, good practices, and lessons learned in establishing Risk Information Systems. It is also a platform for the RIS community to work together on standards and protocols, quality control mechanisms, interoperability, and data visualization.

Applications A repository of tools, guidelines, methodologies, and examples on the applications of risk assessment results in the areas of risk reduction, strategic development planning, policy making, early warning, and disaster risk reduction monitoring. It also serves as a hands-on tutorial on applications development through practical case studies.

Data sources A comprehensive gateway to major sources of disaster risk data including data on hazards, exposed elements, vulnerability relations and estimated potential losses. Through the necessary institutional arrangements, this gateway provides access to disaster risk data from multiple information systems. Searching functions let users find the information they need using appropriate searching criteria.


21

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The Capacity Developer

The Capacity Developer supports capacity development for risk assessment and for the application of risk information in decision making. It is an interactive online learning system that has been designed under the learning-by-doing principles. Services provided by the Capacity Developer include:

Provision of interactive learning environments and opportunities; ‣Support for the generation of new knowledge; ‣Access to selected knowledge products, tools, trainings, and other capacity development resources. ‣

Components

Toolbox An online repository of risk assessment tools such as methodologies, guidelines, and software. It is designed to provide practitioners, decision makers, experts and the general public (in the case of community based initiatives) with proper tools to do risk assessment. The contents of the toolbox is carefully classified and organized so that the toolbox is easily navigable. Appropriate inclusion criteria ensure the quality of the tools available in the toolbox.

Training modules A public platform for hosting various types of training modules (e-learning modules, videos, audios, presentations, e-documents, etc.) from different sources. It contains a comprehensive catalogue of globally available online interactive training programmes and face-to-face training packages focused on the enhancement of knowledge and skills of practitioners, experts, and decision makers on the various aspects of risk assessment and on the application of risk assessment results into decision making.

Communities of practice A dedicated platform that provides the support infrastructure needed for the establishment and functioning of the GRIP Communities of Practice. Proper environment and various communication tools are provided to facilitate the work of Communities of Practice on the development of standards, manuals and guidelines, the establishment of quality control mechanisms and the adaptation of tools and training modules to different local realities.

Capacity development resources An extended collection of some of the most important online resources related to risk assessment such as data and information links, individual and organization contact information, events, studies and reports and academic programmes related to risk assessment.


23

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GRIP - Global Risk Identification ProgrammeDisaster Reduction and Recovery Unit

Bureau for Crisis Prevention and RecoveryUnited Nations Development Programme

tel: +41 22 9178399fax: +41 22 9178060

email: [email protected]: http://www.gripweb.org

mail: Palais des Nations, CH-1211, Geneva, Switzerlandoffice: 11-13, Ch. des Anémones, Châtelaine, CH-1219, Geneva, Switzerland

Documents

INTRODUCTION - PreventionWeb...They are GRIP’s adopted mechanism to generate knowledge and support the programme’s objective of ensuring that improved risk information is incorporated